1
θεὲ πατέρων καὶ κύριε τοῦ ἐλέους ὁ ποιήσας τὰ πάντα ἐν λόγῳ σου
O God of the fathers and Lord of mercy, who made all things by your word,
The prayer begins by invoking God in ancestral, covenantal, and creative terms, grounding the whole petition in divine origin and mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
θεὲO GodN2 VSM · θεόςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressθεός: meaning 'O God'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
πατέρωνof the fathersN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατήρ: meaning 'of the fathers'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέουςmercyN3E GSN · ἔλεοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὁwhoRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιήσαςmadeVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'made'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰall thingsRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πάνταall thingsA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
2
καὶ τῇ σοφίᾳ σου κατασκευάσας ἄνθρωπον ἵνα δεσπόζῃ τῶν ὑπὸ σοῦ γενομένων κτισμάτων
and by your wisdom fashioned man so that he might rule the creatures that came to be through you,
Human vocation is presented as derivative: dominion belongs to the creature only as a task bestowed by the Creator through wisdom.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇby theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφίᾳwisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατασκευάσαςfashionedVA · ααπνσμ σκευάζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσμ σκευάζω + κατα: meaning 'fashioned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄνθρωπονmanN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δεσπόζῃhe might ruleV1 PAS3S · δεσπόζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδεσπόζω: meaning 'he might rule'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπὸthroughP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γενομένωνhaving come to beVB · αμπγπν γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαμπγπν γίγνομαι: meaning 'having come to be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κτισμάτωνcreaturesN3M GPN · κτίσμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκτίσμα: meaning 'creatures'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
καὶ διέπῃ τὸν κόσμον ἐν ὁσιότητι καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἐν εὐθύτητι ψυχῆς κρίσιν κρίνῃ
and govern the world in holiness and righteousness and judge judgment in uprightness of soul,
The requested wisdom is tied to royal justice, so that rule over the world may be exercised in moral straightness rather than force.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διέπῃhe might governV1 PAS3S · ἕπω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἕπω + δια: meaning 'he might govern'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κόσμονworldN2 ASM · κόσμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκόσμος: meaning 'world'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁσιότητιholinessN3T DSF · ὁσιότηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁσιότης: meaning 'holiness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαιοσύνῃrighteousnessN1 DSF · δικαιοσύνηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εὐθύτητιuprightnessN3T DSF · εὐθύτηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐθύτης: meaning 'uprightness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ψυχῆςof soulN1 GSF · ψυχήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationψυχή: meaning 'of soul'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίσις: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κρίνῃhe might judgeV1 PAS3S · κρίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκρίνω: meaning 'he might judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
δός μοι τὴν τῶν σῶν θρόνων πάρεδρον σοφίαν καὶ μή με ἀποδοκιμάσῃς ἐκ παίδων σου
give me the wisdom who sits beside your thrones, and do not reject me from among your children,
The central request is explicit: the speaker asks for throne-side wisdom and for continued inclusion within God's household.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
δόςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σῶνyourA1 GPM · σόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
θρόνωνthronesN2 GPM · θρόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθρόνος: meaning 'thrones'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πάρεδρονsitting besideN2 ASM · πάρεδροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπάρεδρος: meaning 'sitting beside'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μήnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμή: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀποδοκιμάσῃςrejectVA AAS2S · δοκιμάζω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδοκιμάζω + ἀπο: meaning 'reject'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παίδωνchildrenN3D GPM · παῖςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπαῖς: meaning 'children'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
ὅτι ἐγὼ δοῦλος σὸς καὶ υἱὸς τῆς παιδίσκης σου ἄνθρωπος ἀσθενὴς καὶ ὀλιγοχρόνιος καὶ ἐλάσσων ἐν συνέσει κρίσεως καὶ νόμων
because I am your servant and the son of your maidservant, a weak man and short-lived and lessened in understanding of judgment and laws.
The petitioner underscores creaturely frailty and political insufficiency, preparing the logic of dependence that governs the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δοῦλοςservantN2 NSM · δοῦλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδοῦλος: meaning 'servant'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σὸςyourA1 NSM · σόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παιδίσκηςmaidservantN1 GSF · παιδίσκηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπαιδίσκη: meaning 'maidservant'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀσθενὴςweakA3H NSM · ἀσθενήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀσθενής: meaning 'weak'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀλιγοχρόνιοςshort-livedA1A NSM · ὀλιγοχρόνιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀλιγοχρόνιος: meaning 'short-lived'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλάσσωνlessenedA3C NSM · ἐλαχύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐλαχύς: meaning 'lessened'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
συνέσειin understandingN3I DSF · σύνεσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσύνεσις: meaning 'in understanding'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κρίσεωςof judgmentN3I GSF · κρίσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκρίσις: meaning 'of judgment'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νόμωνof lawsN2 GPM · νόμοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationνόμος: meaning 'of laws'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
6
κἂν γάρ τις ᾖ τέλειος ἐν υἱοῖς ἀνθρώπων τῆς ἀπὸ σοῦ σοφίας ἀπούσης εἰς οὐδὲν λογισθήσεται
For even if someone should be perfect among the sons of men, with the wisdom that comes from you absent, he will be counted as nothing.
Native human excellence, even at its peak, has no true standing if it lacks the wisdom whose source is God.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
κἂνeven ifC+X · καί̈ἄνconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκἂν: meaning 'even if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γάρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγάρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τιςsomeoneRI NSM · τιςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτις: meaning 'someone'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ᾖshould beV9 PAS3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyεἰμί: meaning 'should be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τέλειοςperfectA1A NSM · τέλειοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτέλειος: meaning 'perfect'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
υἱοῖςamong sonsN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'among sons'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀνθρώπωνof menN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'of men'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σοφίαςwisdomN1A GSF · σοφίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπούσηςbeing absentV9 · παπγσφ εἰμί + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσφ εἰμί + ἀπο: meaning 'being absent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςasP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οὐδὲνnothingA3 ASN · οὐδείςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοὐδείς: meaning 'nothing'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λογισθήσεταιhe will be countedVS FPI3S · λογίζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλογίζομαι: meaning 'he will be counted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
σύ με προείλω βασιλέα λαοῦ σου καὶ δικαστὴν υἱῶν σου καὶ θυγατέρων
You chose me as king of your people and as judge of your sons and daughters,
The prayer now recalls divine election, linking the request for wisdom to a particular royal and judicial commission.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
σύyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
προείλωchose beforehandVAI AMI2S · αἱρέω + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristαἱρέω + προ: meaning 'chose beforehand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βασιλέαas kingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'as king'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λαοῦof peopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'of people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαστὴνas judgeN1M ASM · δικαστήςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδικαστής: meaning 'as judge'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
υἱῶνof sonsN2 GPM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'of sons'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θυγατέρωνand daughtersN3 GPF · θυγάτηρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθυγάτηρ: meaning 'and daughters'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
8
εἶπας οἰκοδομῆσαι ναὸν ἐν ὄρει ἁγίῳ σου καὶ ἐν πόλει κατασκηνώσεώς σου θυσιαστήριον μίμημα σκηνῆς ἁγίας ἣν προητοίμασας ἀπ' ἀρχῆς
and you told me to build a temple on your holy mountain and an altar in the city of your dwelling, a copy of the holy tent that you prepared from the beginning.
Temple and altar are described as earthly participation in a divine pattern already prepared by God.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
εἶπαςyou saidVAI AAI2S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'you said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἰκοδομῆσαιto buildVA AAN · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementοἰκοδομέω: meaning 'to build'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ναὸνa templeN2 ASM · ναόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationναός: meaning 'a temple'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὄρειon mountainN3E DSN · ὄροςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὄρος: meaning 'on mountain'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἁγίῳholyA1A DSN · ἅγιοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πόλειin cityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπόλις: meaning 'in city'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κατασκηνώσεώςof dwellingN3I GSF · κατασκήνωσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκατασκήνωσις: meaning 'of dwelling'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θυσιαστήριονan altarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσιαστήριον: meaning 'an altar'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μίμημαcopyN3M ASN · μίμημαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμίμημα: meaning 'copy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σκηνῆςof tentN1 GSF · σκηνήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκηνή: meaning 'of tent'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἁγίαςholyA1A GSF · ἅγιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἣνwhichRR ASF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἣν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
προητοίμασαςyou prepared beforehandVAI AAI2S · ἑτοιμάζω + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἑτοιμάζω + προ: meaning 'you prepared beforehand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀρχῆςthe beginningN1 GSF · ἀρχήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀρχή: meaning 'the beginning'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
9
καὶ μετὰ σοῦ ἡ σοφία ἡ εἰδυῖα τὰ ἔργα σου καὶ παροῦσα ὅτε ἐποίεις τὸν κόσμον καὶ ἐπισταμένη τί ἀρεστὸν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς σου καὶ τί εὐθὲς ἐν ἐντολαῖς σου
And with you is wisdom, she who knows your works and was present when you were making the world, and who understands what is pleasing in your eyes and what is right in your commandments.
Wisdom is portrayed not as an abstract quality but as God's intimate companion, fully conversant with creation and divine pleasure.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφίαwisdomN1A NSF · σοφίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἰδυῖαknowingVX · χαπνσφ οἶδαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαπνσφ οἶδα: meaning 'knowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰall thingsRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παροῦσαbeing presentV9 · παπνσφ εἰμί + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ εἰμί + παρα: meaning 'being present'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτε: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίειςyou were makingV2I IAI2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processποιέω: meaning 'you were making'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κόσμονworldN2 ASM · κόσμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκόσμος: meaning 'world'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπισταμένηunderstandingV6 · πμπνσφ ἐπίσταμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσφ ἐπίσταμαι: meaning 'understanding'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀρεστὸνpleasingA1 ASN · ἀρεστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀρεστός: meaning 'pleasing'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὀφθαλμοῖςin eyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'in eyes'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐθὲςrightA3H ASN · εὐθήςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐθής: meaning 'right'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐντολαῖςin commandmentsN1 DPF · ἐντολήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐντολή: meaning 'in commandments'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
10
ἐξαπόστειλον αὐτὴν ἐξ ἁγίων οὐρανῶν καὶ ἀπὸ θρόνου δόξης σου πέμψον αὐτήν ἵνα συμπαροῦσά μοι κοπιάσῃ καὶ γνῶ τί εὐάρεστόν ἐστιν παρὰ σοί
Send her out from the holy heavens, and from the throne of your glory send her, so that, being present with me, she may labor with me and I may know what is pleasing before you.
The prayer shifts from description to mission: wisdom must come from above and work alongside the petitioner if right discernment is to be possible.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἐξαπόστειλονsend outVA AAD2S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'send out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὴνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὴν: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἁγίωνholyA1A GPM · ἅγιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐρανῶνheavensN2 GPM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heavens'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θρόνουthroneN2 GSM · θρόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθρόνος: meaning 'throne'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δόξηςof gloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδόξα: meaning 'of glory'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πέμψονsendVA AAD2S · πέμπωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπέμπω: meaning 'send'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτήν: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συμπαροῦσάbeing present withV9 · παπνσφ εἰμί + συν + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ εἰμί + συν + παρα: meaning 'being present with'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κοπιάσῃshe may laborVA AAS3S · κοπιάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκοπιάω: meaning 'she may labor'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνῶI may knowVZ AAS1S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyγιγνώσκω: meaning 'I may know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐάρεστόνwell-pleasingA1B NSN · εὐάρεστοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐάρεστος: meaning 'well-pleasing'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
παρὰbeforeP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοίyouRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοί: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
11
οἶδε γὰρ ἐκείνη πάντα καὶ συνίει καὶ ὁδηγήσει με ἐν ταῖς πράξεσί μου σωφρόνως καὶ φυλάξει με ἐν τῇ δόξῃ αὐτῆς
For she knows and understands all things, and she will guide me prudently in my actions and guard me in her glory.
The speaker expresses confidence in wisdom's comprehensive knowledge, practical guidance, and preserving power.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
οἶδεshe knowsVX XAI3S · οἶδαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateοἶδα: meaning 'she knows'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰργὰρX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'γὰρ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκείνηthat oneRD NSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐκείνη: meaning 'that one'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πάνταall thingsA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνίειunderstandsV7 PAI3S · ἵημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἵημι + συν: meaning 'understands'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁδηγήσειshe will guideVF FAI3S · ὁδηγέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁδηγέω: meaning 'she will guide'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςin theRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πράξεσίactionsN3I DPF · πρᾶξιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπρᾶξις: meaning 'actions'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σωφρόνωςprudentlyD · σωφρόνωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastσωφρόνως: meaning 'prudently'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φυλάξειshe will guardVF FAI3S · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφυλάσσω: meaning 'she will guard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇby theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξῃin gloryN1S DSF · δόξαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδόξα: meaning 'in glory'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
12
καὶ ἔσται προσδεκτὰ τὰ ἔργα μου καὶ διακρινῶ τὸν λαόν σου δικαίως καὶ ἔσομαι ἄξιος θρόνων πατρός μου
And my works will be acceptable, and I shall judge your people justly, and I shall be worthy of my father's thrones.
Wisdom's presence would secure acceptable deeds, righteous judgment, and legitimate royal fitness.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'will be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
προσδεκτὰacceptableA1 NPN · προσδεκτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπροσδεκτός: meaning 'acceptable'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὰall thingsRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N NPN · ἔργονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διακρινῶI shall judgeVF2 FAI1S · κρίνω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκρίνω + δια: meaning 'I shall judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δικαίωςjustlyD · δικαίωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδικαίως: meaning 'justly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσομαιI shall beVF FMI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'I shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄξιοςworthyA1A NSM · ἄξιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄξιος: meaning 'worthy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θρόνωνthronesN2 GPM · θρόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθρόνος: meaning 'thrones'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πατρόςof fatherN3 GSM · πατήρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατήρ: meaning 'of father'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
13
τίς γὰρ ἄνθρωπος γνώσεται βουλὴν θεοῦ ἢ τίς ἐνθυμηθήσεται τί θέλει ὁ κύριος
For what man will know the counsel of God, or who will consider what the Lord wills?
The chapter widens from one king's need to a universal epistemic claim: divine counsel lies beyond unaided human reach.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰργὰρX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'γὰρ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γνώσεταιwill knowVF FMI3S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'will know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βουλὴνcounselN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
θεοῦof GodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'of God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνθυμηθήσεταιwill considerVC FPI3S · θυμέομαι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureθυμέομαι + ἐν: meaning 'will consider'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θέλειwillsV1 PAI3S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processθέλω: meaning 'wills'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁwhoRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριοςthe LordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'the Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
14
λογισμοὶ γὰρ θνητῶν δειλοί καὶ ἐπισφαλεῖς αἱ ἐπίνοιαι ἡμῶν
For the reasonings of mortals are timid, and our thoughts are unstable.
Human cognition is described as frail and precarious, unable by itself to bear the weight of divine purposes.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
λογισμοὶreasoningsN2 NPM · λογισμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλογισμός: meaning 'reasonings'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γὰργὰρX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'γὰρ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θνητῶνof mortalsA1 GPM · θνητόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθνητός: meaning 'of mortals'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δειλοίtimidA1 NPM · δειλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδειλός: meaning 'timid'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπισφαλεῖςunstableVD · αππνσμ σφάλλω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαππνσμ σφάλλω + ἐπι: meaning 'unstable'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπίνοιαιthoughtsN1A NPF · ἐπίνοιαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐπίνοια: meaning 'thoughts'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
15
φθαρτὸν γὰρ σῶμα βαρύνει ψυχήν καὶ βρίθει τὸ γεῶδες σκῆνος νοῦν πολυφρόντιδα
For a corruptible body weighs down the soul, and the earthly tent burdens a mind full of many concerns.
Embodiment under present conditions is not denied, but it is named as a factor that presses down and complicates thought.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
φθαρτὸνcorruptibleA1 NSN · φθαρτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφθαρτός: meaning 'corruptible'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γὰργὰρX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'γὰρ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σῶμαbodyN3M NSN · σῶμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσῶμα: meaning 'body'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βαρύνειweighs downV1 PAI3S · βαρύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβαρύνω: meaning 'weighs down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βρίθειburdensV1 PAI3S · βρίθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβρίθω: meaning 'burdens'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γεῶδεςearthlyA3H NSN · γεώδηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγεώδης: meaning 'earthly'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σκῆνοςtentN3E NSN · σκῆνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκῆνος: meaning 'tent'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
νοῦνmindN2C ASM · νοῦςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνοῦς: meaning 'mind'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πολυφρόντιδαfull of many concernsN3D ASM · πολυφροντίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπολυφροντίς: meaning 'full of many concerns'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
16
καὶ μόλις εἰκάζομεν τὰ ἐπὶ γῆς καὶ τὰ ἐν χερσὶν εὑρίσκομεν μετὰ πόνου τὰ δὲ ἐν οὐρανοῖς τίς ἐξιχνίασεν
And with difficulty we conjecture the things on earth, and the things in our hands we find with toil; but the things in the heavens, who has traced them out?
Even ordinary earthly knowledge comes hard to us; heavenly realities therefore lie far beyond ordinary human investigation.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μόλιςwith difficultyD · μόλιςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμόλις: meaning 'with difficulty'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰκάζομενwe conjectureV1 PAI1P · εἰκάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰκάζω: meaning 'we conjecture'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰall thingsRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπὶonP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰall thingsRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χερσὶνin handsN3 DPF · χείρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχείρ: meaning 'in hands'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
εὑρίσκομενwe findV1 PAI1P · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεὑρίσκω: meaning 'we find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πόνουtoilN2 GSM · πόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόνος: meaning 'toil'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὰall thingsRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνbyP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οὐρανοῖςin heavensN2 DPM · οὐρανόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοὐρανός: meaning 'in heavens'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξιχνίασενhas traced outVA AAI3S · ἰχνιάζω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἰχνιάζω + ἐκ: meaning 'has traced out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
17
βουλὴν δέ σου τίς ἔγνω εἰ μὴ σὺ ἔδωκας σοφίαν καὶ ἔπεμψας τὸ ἅγιόν σου πνεῦμα ἀπὸ ὑψίστων
And your counsel, who has known, unless you gave wisdom and sent your holy Spirit from the heights?
The rhetorical answer supplies the chapter's theology of knowledge: only divine gift, wisdom, and the holy Spirit open access to God's counsel.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
βουλὴνcounselN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δέandX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδέ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔγνωhas knownVZI AAI3S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγιγνώσκω: meaning 'has known'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰunlessC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: meaning 'unless'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔδωκαςgaveVAI AAI2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'gave'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔπεμψαςsentVAI AAI2S · πέμπωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπέμπω: meaning 'sent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιόνholyA1A ASN · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πνεῦμαSpiritN3M ASN · πνεῦμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπνεῦμα: meaning 'Spirit'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὑψίστωνfrom the heightsA1 GPN · ὕψιστοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕψιστος: meaning 'from the heights'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
18
καὶ οὕτως διωρθώθησαν αἱ τρίβοι τῶν ἐπὶ γῆς καὶ τὰ ἀρεστά σου ἐδιδάχθησαν ἄνθρωποι καὶ τῇ σοφίᾳ ἐσώθησαν
And thus the paths of those upon earth were made straight, and men were taught the things pleasing to you, and by wisdom they were saved.
The prayer closes by summarizing wisdom's historical effect: she rectifies human paths, teaches what pleases God, and becomes the means of salvation.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διωρθώθησανwere made straightVCI API3P · ὀρθόω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀρθόω + δια: meaning 'were made straight'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρίβοιpathsN2 NPF · τρίβοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτρίβος: meaning 'paths'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπὶonP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰall thingsRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀρεστάthings pleasingA1 APN · ἀρεστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀρεστός: meaning 'things pleasing'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐδιδάχθησανwere taughtVQI API3P · διδάσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδιδάσκω: meaning 'were taught'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄνθρωποιmenN2 NPM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνθρωπος: meaning 'men'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇby theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφίᾳwisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐσώθησανwere savedVCI API3P · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσώζω: meaning 'were saved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.