1
καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ καὶ ἐξήγειρέν με ὃν τρόπον ὅταν ἐξεγερθῇ ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ὕπνου αὐτοῦ
And the angel who was speaking in me returned and awoke me, as when a man is awakened out of his sleep.
The new vision begins with reanimation. Zechariah is not merely addressed but awakened again into prophetic perception by the interpreting angel.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐπέστρεψενreturnedVAI AAI3S · στρέφω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseστρέφω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'returned' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἄγγελοςangel / messengerN2 NSM · ἄγγελοςsubjectἄγγελος: lexical item rendered 'angel / messenger' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λαλῶνspeaking / (flowing)V2 · παπνσμ λαλέωpredicative participle (Hebraizing, with ἐπορεύετο)παπνσμ λαλέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'speaking / (flowing)' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐξήγειρένawokeV1I IAI3S · ἀγείρω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseἀγείρω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'awoke' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object or complementὅς: lexical item rendered 'which' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τρόπονmannerN2 ASM · τρόποςadverbial accusative (manner)τρόπος: lexical item rendered 'manner' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανtemporal conjunction (with subjunctive)ὅταν: indeclinable form rendered 'when' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
ἐξεγερθῇis awakenedVC APS3S · ἐγείρω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseἐγείρω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'is awakened' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἄνθρωποςman / human beingN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςcommon noun within the clauseἄνθρωπος: lexical item rendered 'man / human being' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐκ: prepositional lexeme rendered 'from' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ὕπνουsleepN2 GSM · ὕπνοςgenitive of separation or sourceὕπνος: lexical item rendered 'sleep' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
2
καὶ εἶπεν πρός με τί σύ βλέπεις καὶ εἶπα ἑώρακα καὶ ἰδοὺ λυχνία χρυσῆ ὅλη καὶ τὸ λαμπάδιον ἐπάνω αὐτῆς καὶ ἑπτὰ λύχνοι ἐπάνω αὐτῆς καὶ ἑπτὰ ἐπαρυστρίδες τοῖς λύχνοις τοῖς ἐπάνω αὐτῆς
And he said to me, 'What do you see?' And I said, 'I have seen, and behold, a lampstand all of gold, and its lamp-bowl upon it, and seven lamps upon it, and seven channels for the lamps that are upon it.'
The prophet carefully inventories the objects in the vision. The abundance of lamps and channels suggests a sustained, divinely supplied source of light.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition + accusative (direction of speech)πρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'what' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning in the clause coreσύ: lexical item rendered 'you' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
βλέπειςdo you seeV1 PAI2S · βλέπωmain verbal form advancing the clauseβλέπω: verbal lexeme rendered 'do you see' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'I said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἑώρακαI have seenVX XAI1S · ὁράωmain verbal form advancing the clauseὁράω: verbal lexeme rendered 'I have seen' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούpresentative particleἰδού: indeclinable form rendered 'behold' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
λυχνίαlampstandN1A NSF · λυχνίαnominative element functioning in the clause coreλυχνία: lexical item rendered 'lampstand' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χρυσῆgoldenA1C NSF · χρυσοῦςnominative element functioning in the clause coreχρυσοῦς: lexical item rendered 'golden' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὅληallA1 NSF · ὅλοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreὅλος: lexical item rendered 'all' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λαμπάδιονlamp-bowlN2N NSN · λαμπάδιονnominative element functioning in the clause coreλαμπάδιον: lexical item rendered 'lamp-bowl' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπάνωupwardD · ἐπάνωadverb (upper extension)ἐπάνω: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'upward' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'its' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἑπτὰsevenM · ἑπτάnumeral modifying the associated elementἑπτά: lexical item rendered 'seven' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λύχνοιlampsN2 NPM · λύχνοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreλύχνος: lexical item rendered 'lamps' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπάνωupwardD · ἐπάνωadverb (upper extension)ἐπάνω: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'upward' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'its' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἑπτὰsevenM · ἑπτάnumeral modifying the associated elementἑπτά: lexical item rendered 'seven' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπαρυστρίδεςchannelsN3D NPF · ἐπαρυστρίςnominative element functioning in the clause coreἐπαρυστρίς: lexical item rendered 'channels' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λύχνοιςlampsN2 DPM · λύχνοςdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationλύχνος: lexical item rendered 'lamps' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπάνωupwardD · ἐπάνωadverb (upper extension)ἐπάνω: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'upward' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'its' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
3
καὶ δύο ἐλαῖαι ἐπάνω αὐτῆς μία ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ λαμπαδίου καὶ μία ἐξ εὐωνύμων
And two olive trees were above it, one on the right of the lamp-bowl and one on the left.
The symmetry of the two trees frames the lampstand and prepares for the later question about the identity of these living suppliers of oil.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
δύοtwoM · δύοnumeral modifying the associated elementδύο: lexical item rendered 'two' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐλαῖαιolive treesN1A NPF · ἐλαίαnominative element functioning in the clause coreἐλαία: lexical item rendered 'olive trees' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπάνωupwardD · ἐπάνωadverb (upper extension)ἐπάνω: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'upward' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'its' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
μίαoneA1A NSF · εἷςnumeral quantifying persons, objects, measures, or sequenceεἷς: lexical item rendered 'one' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐκ: prepositional lexeme rendered 'from' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
δεξιῶνright sideA1A GPN · δεξιόςgenitive element within the idiom ἐκ δεξιῶν ('at the right side')δεξιός: lexical item rendered 'right side' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λαμπαδίουlamp-holderN2N GSN · λαμπάδιονgenitive (possessive: 'tip of the lamp-holder')λαμπάδιον: lexical item rendered 'lamp-holder' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
μίαoneA1A NSF · εἷςnumeral quantifying persons, objects, measures, or sequenceεἷς: lexical item rendered 'one' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐκ: prepositional lexeme rendered 'from' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
εὐωνύμωνleft sideA1B GPN · εὐώνυμοςgenitive element within the idiom ἐξ εὐωνύμων ('at the left side')εὐώνυμος: lexical item rendered 'left side' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
4
καὶ ἐπηρώτησα καὶ εἶπον πρὸς τὸν ἄγγελον τὸν λαλοῦντα ἐν ἐμοὶ λέγων τί ἐστιν ταῦτα κύριε
And I asked and said to the angel who was speaking in me, saying, 'What are these things, my lord?'
As elsewhere in the night visions, symbolic sight must be followed by explanation. Zechariah's question marks the shift from description to meaning.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐπηρώτησαI askedVAI AAI1S · ἐρωτάω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseἐρωτάω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'I asked' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπονI saidVBI AAI1S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'I said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phraseπρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to / toward' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἄγγελονangel / messengerN2 ASM · ἄγγελοςcommon noun within the clauseἄγγελος: lexical item rendered 'angel / messenger' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λαλοῦνταspeakingV2 · παπασμ λαλέωverbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clauseπαπασμ λαλέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'speaking' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleπαπνσμ λέγω: verbal lexeme rendered 'saying' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'what' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'is' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ταῦταthese thingsRD NPN · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these things' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to contextκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
5
καὶ ἀπεκρίθη ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ καὶ εἶπεν πρός με οὐ γινώσκεις τί ἐστιν ταῦτα καὶ εἶπα οὐχί κύριε
And the angel who was speaking in me answered and said to me, 'Do you not know what these things are?' And I said, 'No, my lord.'
The angel's question highlights the opacity of the imagery and keeps the prophet in the posture of dependent learner.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἀπεκρίθηansweredVCI API3S · κρίνω + ἀποmain verb (speech-introduction)→ constative aoristκρίνω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'answered' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἄγγελοςangel / messengerN2 NSM · ἄγγελοςsubjectἄγγελος: lexical item rendered 'angel / messenger' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λαλῶνspeaking / (flowing)V2 · παπνσμ λαλέωpredicative participle (Hebraizing, with ἐπορεύετο)παπνσμ λαλέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'speaking / (flowing)' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition + accusative (direction of speech)πρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐ: indeclinable form rendered 'not' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
γινώσκειςdo you knowV1 PAI2S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form advancing the clauseγιγνώσκω: verbal lexeme rendered 'do you know' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'what' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'is' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ταῦταthese thingsRD NPN · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these things' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'I said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
οὐχίnoD · οὐemphatic negative responseοὐ: indeclinable form rendered 'no' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to contextκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
6
καὶ ἀπεκρίθη καὶ εἶπεν πρός με λέγων οὗτος ὁ λόγος κυρίου πρὸς Ζοροβαβελ λέγων οὐκ ἐν δυνάμει μεγάλῃ οὐδὲ ἐν ἰσχύι ἀλλ' ἢ ἐν πνεύματί μου λέγει κύριος παντοκράτωρ
And he answered and said to me, saying, 'This is the word of the Lord to Zerubbabel, saying: Not by great power nor by strength, but by my Spirit, says the Lord Almighty.'
The lampstand vision is interpreted not first through mechanics but through theology: the temple work will reach completion by divine Spirit rather than human force.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἀπεκρίθηansweredVCI API3S · κρίνω + ἀποmain verb (speech-introduction)→ constative aoristκρίνω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'answered' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition + accusative (direction of speech)πρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleπαπνσμ λέγω: verbal lexeme rendered 'saying' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'this' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clauseλόγος: lexical item rendered 'word' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the LORD' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phraseπρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to / toward' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN ASM · Ζοροβαβελnominal or adjectival term functioning within the clauseΖοροβαβελ: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'Zerubbabel' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleπαπνσμ λέγω: verbal lexeme rendered 'saying' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐ: indeclinable form rendered 'not' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
δυνάμειpowerN3I DSF · δύναμιςdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationδύναμις: lexical item rendered 'power' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
μεγάλῃgreatA1 DSF · μέγαςdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationμέγας: lexical item rendered 'great' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέnegative coordinating conjunctionοὐδέ: connective or particle rendered 'nor' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative element functioning as indirect object, means, or locationἰσχύς: lexical item rendered 'strength' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or subordinator structuring the clauseἀλλά: connective or particle rendered 'but' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἢorC · ἤdisjunctive conjunctionἤ: connective or particle rendered 'or' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
πνεύματίspiritN3M DSN · πνεῦμαnominal term functioning in a dat relationπνεῦμα: lexical item rendered 'spirit' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'my' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal forceλέγω: verbal lexeme rendered 'say' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubjectκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clauseπαντοκράτωρ: lexical item rendered 'Almighty' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
7
τίς εἶ σύ τὸ ὄρος τὸ μέγα πρὸ προσώπου Ζοροβαβελ τοῦ κατορθῶσαι καὶ ἐξοίσω τὸν λίθον τῆς κληρονομίας ἰσότητα χάριτος χάριτα αὐτῆς
Who are you, O great mountain, before Zerubbabel, to be leveled? And I will bring out the stone of inheritance: 'Fair measure of grace, grace upon it.'
The mountain image turns opposition into something reducible before the Lord's chosen governor. The shouted grace-formula over the stone preserves the LXX's strikingly compressed poetic phrasing.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςnominative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
εἶareV9 PAI2S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'are' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning in the clause coreσύ: lexical item rendered 'you' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὄροςmountainN3E NSN · ὄροςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὄρος: lexical item rendered 'mountain' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
μέγαgreatA1P NSN · μέγαςnominative element functioning in the clause coreμέγας: lexical item rendered 'great' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition taking a complement within the phraseπρό: prepositional lexeme rendered 'before' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionπρόσωπον: lexical item rendered 'face / presence' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN GSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal or adjectival term functioning within the clauseΖοροβαβελ: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'Zerubbabel' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κατορθῶσαιto be leveledVA AAN · ὀρθόω + καταverbal infinitive complement or purpose expressionὀρθόω + κατα: verbal lexeme rendered 'to be leveled' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐξοίσωI will bring outVF FAI1S · φέρω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseφέρω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'I will bring out' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λίθονstonesN2 ASM · λίθοςaccusative complementλίθος: lexical item rendered 'stones' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κληρονομίαςinheritanceN1A GSF · κληρονομίαgenitive element qualifying a related head termκληρονομία: lexical item rendered 'inheritance' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἰσότηταfair measureN3T ASF · ἰσότηςaccusative element functioning as object or complementἰσότης: lexical item rendered 'fair measure' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χάριτοςof graceN3T GSF · χάριςgenitive element qualifying a related head termχάρις: lexical item rendered 'of grace' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χάριταgraceN3T ASF · χάριςaccusative element functioning as object or complementχάρις: lexical item rendered 'grace' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'its' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
8
καὶ ἐγένετο λόγος κυρίου πρός με λέγων
And the word of the Lord came to me, saying,
A fresh divine word confirms that the symbolic interpretation is now tightening around Zerubbabel's concrete historical work.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: verbal lexeme rendered 'it came to pass' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clauseλόγος: lexical item rendered 'word' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the LORD' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition + accusative (direction of speech)πρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleπαπνσμ λέγω: verbal lexeme rendered 'saying' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
9
αἱ χεῖρες Ζοροβαβελ ἐθεμελίωσαν τὸν οἶκον τοῦτον καὶ αἱ χεῖρες αὐτοῦ ἐπιτελέσουσιν αὐτόν καὶ ἐπιγνώσῃ διότι κύριος παντοκράτωρ ἐξαπέσταλκέν με πρὸς σέ
The hands of Zerubbabel laid the foundation of this house, and his hands will complete it; and you shall know that the Lord Almighty has sent me to you.
The same hands that began the rebuilding are guaranteed to finish it. The verse anchors visionary symbolism in public, verifiable completion.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χεῖρεςhandsN3 NPF · χείρsubject (of implied 'were')χείρ: lexical item rendered 'hands' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN GSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal or adjectival term functioning within the clauseΖοροβαβελ: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'Zerubbabel' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
ἐθεμελίωσανlaid the foundationVAI AAI3P · θεμελιόωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or descriptionθεμελιόω: verbal lexeme rendered 'laid the foundation' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clauseοἶκος: lexical item rendered 'house / household' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τοῦτονthisRD ASM · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or complementοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'this' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χεῖρεςhandsN3 NPF · χείρsubject (of implied 'were')χείρ: lexical item rendered 'hands' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπιτελέσουσινwill completeVF FAI3P · τελέω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseτελέω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'will complete' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐπιγνώσῃyou shall knowVF FMI2S · γιγνώσκω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseγιγνώσκω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'you shall know' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequenceδιότι: connective or particle rendered 'because' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubjectκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clauseπαντοκράτωρ: lexical item rendered 'Almighty' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐξαπέσταλκένhas sentVX XAI3S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clauseστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'has sent' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phraseπρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to / toward' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
σέyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or complementσύ: lexical item rendered 'you' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
10
διότι τίς ἐξουδένωσεν εἰς ἡμέρας μικράς καὶ χαροῦνται καὶ ὄψονται τὸν λίθον τὸν κασσιτέρινον ἐν χειρὶ Ζοροβαβελ ἑπτὰ οὗτοι ὀφθαλμοὶ κυρίου εἰσὶν οἱ ἐπιβλέποντες ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν
For who has despised the days of small things? Yet they will rejoice and see the tin plumb-stone in the hand of Zerubbabel. These seven are the eyes of the Lord that look upon all the earth.
What seemed slight is not slight to God. Zerubbabel's finishing tool and the Lord's seven eyes together insist that the rebuilding unfolds under full divine attention.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequenceδιότι: connective or particle rendered 'because' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςnominative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐξουδένωσενhas despisedVA AAI3S · οὐδενόω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseοὐδενόω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'has despised' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: prepositional lexeme rendered 'into/to' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clauseἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'days' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
μικράςsmallA1A APF · μικρόςaccusative element functioning as object or complementμικρός: lexical item rendered 'small' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
χαροῦνταιthey will rejoiceVF2 FMI3P · χαίρωmain verbal form advancing the clauseχαίρω: verbal lexeme rendered 'they will rejoice' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ὄψονταιthey will seeVF FMI3P · ὁράωmain verbal form advancing the clauseὁράω: verbal lexeme rendered 'they will see' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λίθονstonesN2 ASM · λίθοςaccusative complementλίθος: lexical item rendered 'stones' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κασσιτέρινονtin plumb-stoneA1 ASM · κασσιτέρινοςaccusative element functioning as object or complementκασσιτέρινος: lexical item rendered 'tin plumb-stone' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or locationχείρ: lexical item rendered 'hand' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN GSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal or adjectival term functioning within the clauseΖοροβαβελ: indeclinable or connective element rendered 'Zerubbabel' here and interpreted according to its local clause function in Zechariah 4.
ἑπτὰsevenM · ἑπτάnumeral modifying the associated elementἑπτά: lexical item rendered 'seven' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οὗτοιtheseRD NPM · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ὀφθαλμοὶeyesN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςsubject of ἑωράκασινὀφθαλμός: lexical item rendered 'eyes' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the LORD' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
εἰσὶνbeV9 PAI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the narrative or commandεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'be' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπιβλέποντεςlooking towardV1 · παπνπμ βλέπω + ἐπιattributive participle→ descriptive present participleπαπνπμ βλέπω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'looking toward' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: prepositional lexeme rendered 'on/upon/against' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
πᾶσανallA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clauseγῆ: lexical item rendered 'land' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
11
καὶ ἀπεκρίθην καὶ εἶπα πρὸς αὐτόν τί αἱ δύο ἐλαῖαι αὗται αἱ ἐκ δεξιῶν τῆς λυχνίας καὶ ἐξ εὐωνύμων
And I answered and said to him, 'What are these two olive trees at the right of the lampstand and at the left?'
The prophet narrows the inquiry from the whole vision to the flanking trees, whose role in feeding the lampstand still needs explanation.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἀπεκρίθηνI answered / brought back wordVCI API1S · κρίνω + ἀποmain verb (Caleb's faithful report)→ constative aorist (the completed report)κρίνω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'I answered / brought back word' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'I said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phraseπρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to / toward' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'what' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
δύοtwoM · δύοnumeral modifying the associated elementδύο: lexical item rendered 'two' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐλαῖαιolive treesN1A NPF · ἐλαίαnominative element functioning in the clause coreἐλαία: lexical item rendered 'olive trees' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
αὗταιtheseRD NPF · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐκ: prepositional lexeme rendered 'from' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
δεξιῶνright sideA1A GPN · δεξιόςgenitive element within the idiom ἐκ δεξιῶν ('at the right side')δεξιός: lexical item rendered 'right side' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
λυχνίαςlampstandN1A GSF · λυχνίαobject of ἐπὶλυχνία: lexical item rendered 'lampstand' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐκ: prepositional lexeme rendered 'from' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
εὐωνύμωνleft sideA1B GPN · εὐώνυμοςgenitive element within the idiom ἐξ εὐωνύμων ('at the left side')εὐώνυμος: lexical item rendered 'left side' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
12
καὶ ἐπηρώτησα ἐκ δευτέρου καὶ εἶπα πρὸς αὐτόν τί οἱ δύο κλάδοι τῶν ἐλαιῶν οἱ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν τῶν δύο μυξωτήρων τῶν χρυσῶν τῶν ἐπιχεόντων καὶ ἐπαναγόντων τὰς ἐπαρυστρίδας τὰς χρυσᾶς
And I asked a second time and said to him, 'What are the two branches of the olive trees, the ones in the hands of the two golden nozzles, those that pour out and feed back the golden channels?'
The repeated question probes the mechanism of supply. The imagery lingers over flow, conveyance, and brightness rather than offering a bare label.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐπηρώτησαI askedVAI AAI1S · ἐρωτάω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseἐρωτάω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'I asked' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐκ: prepositional lexeme rendered 'from' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
δευτέρουsecondA1A GSN · δεύτεροςordinal adjective in rosterδεύτερος: lexical item rendered 'second' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'I said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phraseπρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to / toward' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'what' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
δύοtwoM · δύοnumeral modifying the associated elementδύο: lexical item rendered 'two' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κλάδοιbranchesN2 NPM · κλάδοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreκλάδος: lexical item rendered 'branches' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐλαιῶνolivesN1A GPF · ἐλαίαgenitive (the ascent 'of the olives' = Mount of Olives)ἐλαία: lexical item rendered 'olives' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: prepositional lexeme rendered 'in' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χερσὶνhandN3 DPF · χείρdative complement within the clauseχείρ: lexical item rendered 'hand' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
δύοtwoM · δύοnumeral modifying the associated elementδύο: lexical item rendered 'two' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
μυξωτήρωνnozzlesN3 GPM · μυξωτήρgenitive element qualifying a related head termμυξωτήρ: lexical item rendered 'nozzles' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χρυσῶνgoldenA1C GPM · χρυσοῦςadjectival modifierχρυσοῦς: lexical item rendered 'golden' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπιχεόντωνpouring outV2 · παπγπμ χέω + ἐπιparticiple modifying a noun or supplying descriptive verbal forceπαπγπμ χέω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'pouring out' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
ἐπαναγόντωνfeeding backV1 · παπγπμ ἄγω + ἐπι + ἀναparticiple modifying a noun or supplying descriptive verbal forceπαπγπμ ἄγω + ἐπι + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'feeding back' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐπαρυστρίδαςoil-vessels / funnelsN3D APF · ἐπαρυστρίςdirect object of (implied) ἐποίησενἐπαρυστρίς: lexical item rendered 'oil-vessels / funnels' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
χρυσᾶςgoldenA1C APF · χρυσοῦςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalχρυσοῦς: lexical item rendered 'golden' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
13
καὶ εἶπεν πρός με οὐκ οἶδας τί ἐστιν ταῦτα καὶ εἶπα οὐχί κύριε
And he said to me, 'Do you not know what these are?' And I said, 'No, my lord.'
The exchange repeats the prophet's dependence and heightens the importance of the answer that is finally given.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition + accusative (direction of speech)πρός: prepositional lexeme rendered 'to' here and marking the relation of its complement to the clause in Zechariah 4.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or complementἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐ: indeclinable form rendered 'not' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
οἶδαςknowVX XAI2S · οἶδαmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealοἶδα: verbal lexeme rendered 'know' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'what' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'is' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
ταῦταthese thingsRD NPN · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these things' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'I said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
οὐχίnoD · οὐemphatic negative responseοὐ: indeclinable form rendered 'no' here, contributing adverbial, interjectional, or discourse force in Zechariah 4.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to contextκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
14
καὶ εἶπεν οὗτοι οἱ δύο υἱοὶ τῆς πιότητος παρεστήκασιν τῷ κυρίῳ πάσης τῆς γῆς
And he said, 'These are the two sons of richness who stand beside the Lord of all the earth.'
The closing line identifies the pair in richly symbolic terms. In the Greek, 'sons of richness' preserves the imagery of abundance and consecrated supply.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clauseκαί: connective or particle rendered 'and' here, shaping the linkage or rhetorical flow of the clause in Zechariah 4.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: verbal lexeme rendered 'said' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
οὗτοιtheseRD NPM · οὗτοςnominative element functioning in the clause coreοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
δύοtwoM · δύοnumeral modifying the associated elementδύο: lexical item rendered 'two' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: lexical item rendered 'sons' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
πιότητοςrichnessN3 GSF · πιότηςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπιότης: lexical item rendered 'richness' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
παρεστήκασινstand besideVXI XAI3P · ἵστημι + παραverbal element carrying the clause actionἵστημι + παρα: verbal lexeme rendered 'stand beside' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context in Zechariah 4.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
πάσηςallA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phraseγῆ: lexical item rendered 'land' here and interpreted according to its local prophetic and syntactic role in Zechariah 4.