Greek Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Exodus, Chapter 26ΕΞΟΔΟΣ ΚϚ′

Each verse opens with the running Greek, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case (color), parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Exodus 26 is the second of the great tabernacle-construction discourses (chs.

Translation & textual notes

The Greek text of Exodus 26 follows the standard critical text of the Septuagint as established in the Rahlfs–Hanhart edition (Septuaginta, rev. ed. 2006), an ancient and public-domain text; the critical apparatus is not reproduced. Exodus 26 is the second of the great tabernacle-construction discourses (chs. 25–31), a sustained sequence of second-person-singular future-indicative commands (ποιήσεις, συνάψεις, θήσεις, ἀναστήσεις) by which YHWH dictates to Moses the fabric of the σκηνή ('tent / tabernacle'). The LXX rendering of these chapters diverges from the Masoretic Text in order, numbering, and detail — the Greek translator of Exodus handled the technical building-vocabulary with a distinctive and not always consistent lexicon — and the present chapter is to be annotated exactly as transmitted in Rahlfs. The chapter unfolds in five movements: the ten linen curtains (αὐλαῖαι) embroidered with cherubim and joined by loops (ἀγκύλαι) and fifty golden clasps (κρίκοι, vv. 1–6); the eleven goats'-hair curtains forming the outer tent with its bronze clasps, and the coverings of reddened rams' skins and blue skins (vv. 7–14); the acacia uprights (στῦλοι) with their silver sockets (βάσεις), tenons (ἀγκωνίσκοι), and bars (μοχλοί), erected 'according to the pattern shown on the mountain' (κατὰ τὸ εἶδος τὸ δεδειγμένον σοι ἐν τῷ ὄρει, v. 30); the veil (καταπέτασμα) of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine linen wrought with cherubim, which divides 'between the Holy Place and between the Holy of Holies' (ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ἁγίου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ἁγίου τῶν ἁγίων, vv. 31–35); and the screen (ἐπίσπαστρον) for the tent door (vv. 36–37). The technical vocabulary is dense and often hapax or near-hapax within the LXX: αὐλαία ('curtain'), δέρρις ('skin/hair-curtain'), ἀγκύλη ('loop'), κρίκος ('ring/clasp'), στῦλος ('upright/pillar'), βάσις ('socket/base'), ἀγκωνίσκος ('tenon/little-elbow'), μοχλός ('bar'), κεφαλίς ('capital'), καταπέτασμα ('veil'), ἐπίσπαστρον ('screen/curtain-that-is-drawn'). For the MT 'boards' (קְרָשִׁים) the LXX reads στῦλοι ('pillars/uprights'), assimilating the frames to columns. The repeated participle κεκλωσμένος ('twined') and the materials βύσσος ('fine linen'), ὑάκινθος ('blue'), πορφύρα ('purple'), κόκκινον ('scarlet') recur as a fixed liturgical color-formula throughout the tabernacle account (cf. 25:4; 28:5–8; 36:8–38). The veil-section (vv. 31–35) is theologically the most freighted: the καταπέτασμα that screens the κιβωτὸς τοῦ μαρτυρίου ('ark of the testimony') in the ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων is the very curtain whose tearing the Synoptics record at the death of Jesus (Matt 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45), and whose typology the Epistle to the Hebrews develops (Heb 9:3 names it δεύτερον καταπέτασμα; Heb 6:19; 10:20 read Christ's flesh as the veil through which believers now enter). The closing formula of v. 30 — that the whole is to be raised κατὰ τὸ εἶδος τὸ δεδειγμένον σοι ἐν τῷ ὄρει — is taken up at Acts 7:44 and Heb 8:5 (κατὰ τὸν τύπον τὸν δειχθέντα σοι ἐν τῷ ὄρει) as proof that the earthly sanctuary is a copy of a heavenly archetype.

1

καὶ τὴν σκηνὴν ποιήσεις δέκα αὐλαίας ἐκ βύσσου κεκλωσμένης καὶ ὑακίνθου καὶ πορφύρας καὶ κοκκίνου κεκλωσμένου χερουβιμ ἐργασίᾳ ὑφάντου ποιήσεις αὐτάς

And you shall make the tabernacle with ten curtains of fine twined linen and blue and purple and twined scarlet; with cherubim, the work of a weaver, you shall make them.

New construction-unit (main directive sequence)καὶ τὴν σκηνὴν ποιήσεις
The chapter opens the tabernacle-proper instructions with the fronted object τὴν σκηνήν, marking topic-shift from the furniture of ch. 25 to the tent itself. The governing verb ποιήσεις (2 sg. fut. indic. as imperatival directive) sets the grammatical key of the whole chapter, recurring as the leitmotif of divine command. The verse is framed by an inclusio of ποιήσεις … ποιήσεις around the materials-list.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction (Hebraizing καί-parataxis)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with fronted object σκηνήν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνὴνtabernacle / tentAccusativefronted direct object of ποιήσεις (topicalized)→ object specificationσκηνή: 'tent / dwelling / tabernacle'; renders Hebrew מִשְׁכָּן ('dwelling-place'); the standard LXX term for the wilderness sanctuary; its fronting here marks the thematic pivot from the sacred furniture (ch. 25) to the tent-structure itself; elsewhere expanded as σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου ('tent of testimony').
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (imperatival future, directive to Moses)→ directive future (volitive command rendering Hebrew prescriptive imperfect)ποιέω: 'make / do / construct'; renders עָשָׂה; the 2 sg. future ποιήσεις functions as a divine command (the LXX's regular rendering of the Hebrew imperfect of instruction); this verb is the structural refrain of the whole chapter, occurring in nearly every verse of the construction sequence.
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal numeral (modifying αὐλαίας)→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; indeclinable; the ten curtains of the tabernacle proper, distinguished from the eleven goats'-hair curtains of the outer tent (v. 7); renders Hebrew עֶשֶׂר.
αὐλαίαςcurtainsAccusativedirect object (second object of ποιήσεις, after σκηνήν)→ object specificationαὐλαία: 'curtain / hanging'; renders יְרִיעָה; a technical term of the tabernacle account; the ten αὐλαῖαι form the innermost layer of the tent, the only one visible from inside the sanctuary, hence their costly linen and cherubim-embroidery.
ἐκof / frompreposition + genitive (material)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive of material, 'made of'; introduces the fabric-list of which the curtains are woven.
βύσσουfine linenGenitivegenitive of material (object of ἐκ)→ relational specificationβύσσος: 'fine linen / byssus'; renders שֵׁשׁ; a luxury Egyptian linen, the base fabric of the priestly and tabernacle textiles; with κεκλωσμένης ('twined') it denotes doubly-spun thread of the highest quality.
κεκλωσμένηςtwined / spunPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Sg Fem · κλώθωattributive participle (modifying βύσσου)→ resultative perfect (the finished, twined state of the thread)κλώθω: 'spin / twist (thread)'; the perfect passive participle κεκλωσμένης ('having been twined') renders מָשְׁזָר; a fixed epithet of the fine linen throughout the tabernacle texts, denoting thread twisted from multiple strands for strength and sheen.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (material-list)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑακίνθουblueGenitivegenitive of material (object of ἐκ, coordinate)→ relational specificationὑάκινθος: 'blue / violet (wool/dye)'; renders תְּכֵלֶת; the blue-violet dye obtained from the murex mollusk; first of the three sacred colors that recur as a formula (blue, purple, scarlet) throughout the tabernacle and priestly-vestment accounts.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορφύραςpurpleGenitivegenitive of material (object of ἐκ, coordinate)→ relational specificationπορφύρα: 'purple'; renders אַרְגָּמָן; the reddish-purple dye, likewise from murex, signalling royalty and high value; the second of the sacred color-triad.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κοκκίνουscarletGenitivegenitive of material (object of ἐκ, coordinate)→ relational specificationκόκκινος: 'scarlet / crimson'; renders תּוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי ('crimson of the worm'), the dye from the kermes insect; the third of the sacred color-triad; here qualified by κεκλωσμένου.
κεκλωσμένουtwined / spunPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Sg Neut · κλώθωattributive participle (modifying κοκκίνου)→ resultative perfect (finished twined state)κλώθω: the perfect passive participle here agrees with κοκκίνου (neut.); the scarlet, like the linen, is of twined thread; the LXX applies the κεκλωσμένος epithet variously to the linen and to the scarlet across the tabernacle texts.
χερουβιμcherubimindeclinable noun (accusative of content: the figures to be woven)→ clausal contributionχερουβιμ: transliteration of Hebrew כְּרוּבִים ('cherubim'), an indeclinable loanword retaining the Hebrew masculine plural ending -ים; the cherub-figures woven into the curtains echo those over the mercy-seat (25:18–20) and guard the divine throne-presence; the same figures appear on the veil (v. 31).
ἐργασίᾳby the workmanshipDativedative of manner/means ('by the work')→ sphere or referenceἐργασία: 'work / workmanship / craft'; renders מַעֲשֵׂה; the dative ἐργασίᾳ ὑφάντου ('with the work of a weaver') specifies the technique — the cherubim are woven into the fabric, not appliquéd, distinguishing the weaver's art from the embroiderer's (ποικιλτής, v. 36).
ὑφάντουof a weaverGenitivegenitive of source/agent (with ἐργασίᾳ: 'a weaver's work')→ relational specificationὑφάντης: 'weaver'; renders חֹשֵׁב ('skilled designer/weaver'); the ἔργον ὑφάντου ('weaver's work') is the most skilled textile craft, contrasted in v. 36 with the ἔργον ποικιλτοῦ ('embroiderer's work') of the door-screen — a gradation of artistry matching the gradation of holiness.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (resumptive: closes the inclusio with the opening ποιήσεις)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the second ποιήσεις resumes the command after the long materials-parenthesis, forming an inclusio (ποιήσεις … ποιήσεις αὐτάς) that brackets the specification of the curtains.
αὐτάςthemAccusativedirect object (resumptive pronoun, fem. pl. = αὐλαίας)→ participant referenceαὐτός: the feminine accusative plural αὐτάς resumes αὐλαίας; the resumptive pronoun after a fronted/parenthetical construction is a Hebraizing feature mirroring the resumptive suffix of the Hebrew.
2

μῆκος τῆς αὐλαίας τῆς μιᾶς ὀκτὼ καὶ εἴκοσι πήχεων καὶ εὖρος τεσσάρων πήχεων ἡ αὐλαία ἡ μία ἔσται μέτρον τὸ αὐτὸ ἔσται πάσαις ταῖς αὐλαίαις

The length of the one curtain shall be twenty-eight cubits, and the breadth four cubits; the one curtain shall be so; the same measure shall be for all the curtains.

Specification (dimensions of the curtains)μῆκος τῆς αὐλαίας τῆς μιᾶς
An asyndetic measurement-clause subordinate to the command of v. 1; the verbless head (μῆκος … ὀκτὼ καὶ εἴκοσι πήχεων) is typical of the LXX's rendering of Hebrew nominal measurement-formulae. The closing μέτρον τὸ αὐτό ('the same measure') establishes the uniformity that makes the curtains interchangeable and the loops align.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
μῆκοςlengthNominativenominative (head of verbless measurement-clause)→ participant prominenceμῆκος: 'length'; renders אֹרֶךְ; standard dimension-term in the building accounts, paired with εὖρος ('breadth').
τῆςtheGenitivearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'the length of the curtain')→ relational specificationαὐλαία: see v. 1; here the singular with the distributive τῆς μιᾶς ('the one curtain') gives the dimension of each individual curtain.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with μιᾶς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μιᾶςone / singleGenitiveattributive numeral (distributive: 'each single curtain')→ relational specificationεἷς, μία, ἕν: 'one'; the construction ἡ αὐλαία ἡ μία ('the one curtain') is distributive, rendering Hebrew הַיְרִיעָה הָאַחַת ('each single curtain'); it specifies that the measurement applies to every individual curtain.
ὀκτὼeightindeclinable cardinal (with εἴκοσι: 'twenty-eight')→ measure or countὀκτώ: 'eight'; indeclinable; in the compound ὀκτὼ καὶ εἴκοσι ('eight and twenty' = 28) it gives the curtain's length in cubits.
καὶandadditive conjunction (numeral compound)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (with ὀκτώ: 'twenty-eight')→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; indeclinable; the total 28 cubits (ca. 13 m) is the length of each curtain.
πήχεωνcubitsGenitivegenitive of measure (with the numeral)→ relational specificationπῆχυς: 'cubit / forearm'; renders אַמָּה; the standard linear measure (ca. 45 cm); the genitive of measure πήχεων specifies the unit of the stated number.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (joining length and breadth)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὖροςbreadthNominativenominative (head of second measurement-clause)→ participant prominenceεὖρος: 'breadth / width'; renders רֹחַב; paired with μῆκος as the second of the two principal dimensions.
τεσσάρωνfourGenitiveattributive cardinal (with πήχεων)→ relational specificationτέσσαρες: 'four'; the genitive τεσσάρων agrees with πήχεων; four cubits is the breadth of each curtain.
πήχεωνcubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς: see above; the breadth of 4 cubits with the length of 28 yields the curtain's proportion.
ἡtheNominativearticle (with αὐλαία)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαcurtainNominativesubject (of the following ἔσται)→ participant prominenceαὐλαία: nominative subject of ἔσται; the distributive ἡ αὐλαία ἡ μία restates 'each single curtain.'
ἡtheNominativearticle (with μία)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μίαone / singleNominativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: the distributive 'one' marking each individual curtain as the unit of measure.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (predicating the dimensions of the curtain)→ prescriptive future (specification)εἰμί (fut. ἔσται): 'will be'; the prescriptive future renders the Hebrew imperfect of specification; here it supplies the verb for the verbless measurement-head.
μέτρονmeasureNominativesubject (of the second ἔσται)→ participant prominenceμέτρον: 'measure / dimension'; renders מִדָּה; the phrase μέτρον τὸ αὐτό ('the same measure') asserts the strict uniformity of all the curtains.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with αὐτό)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτὸsameNominativepredicate adjective (identity: 'the same')→ participant referenceαὐτός: the intensive/identifying use τὸ αὐτό ('the same'); the uniform measure ensures the curtains couple evenly and the loops align.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (predicating uniformity over all curtains)→ prescriptive futureεἰμί: the repeated ἔσται underscores the prescriptive register; the same measure 'shall be' for all.
πάσαιςfor allDativedative of reference (modifying ταῖς αὐλαίαις)→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: 'all'; the dative πάσαις … ταῖς αὐλαίαις ('for all the curtains') is a dative of advantage/reference, asserting that no curtain deviates in size.
ταῖςtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαιςcurtainsDativedative of reference (the whole set of curtains)→ sphere or referenceαὐλαία: dative plural; the uniform dimension applies to the entire set of ten.
3

πέντε δὲ αὐλαῖαι ἔσονται ἐξ ἀλλήλων ἐχόμεναι ἡ ἑτέρα ἐκ τῆς ἑτέρας καὶ πέντε αὐλαῖαι ἔσονται συνεχόμεναι ἑτέρα τῇ ἑτέρᾳ

Five curtains shall be joined one to another, the one to the next, and five curtains shall be coupled together, one to the other.

Specification continued (the two sets of five)πέντε δὲ αὐλαῖαι
δέ here is a mild developmental marker carrying the specification forward into the question of joining. The verse divides the ten curtains into two sets of five, each set internally coupled; the reciprocal expressions ἐξ ἀλλήλων ('from one another') and ἑτέρα τῇ ἑτέρᾳ ('one to the other') prepare for the loops-and-clasps of vv. 4–6.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying αὐλαῖαι)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; indeclinable; the ten curtains are joined into two sets of five (5 + 5).
δὲand / nowdevelopmental particle (post-positive)→ discourse linkage or contrastδέ: post-positive; here a mild developmental connective advancing the specification from dimensions to joining.
αὐλαῖαιcurtainsNominativesubject (of ἔσονται)→ participant prominenceαὐλαία: nominative plural subject; the first set of five.
ἔσονταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Pl · εἰμίcopula (with predicate participle ἐχόμεναι: periphrastic future)→ prescriptive future (periphrastic with participle)εἰμί (fut. ἔσονται): forms a periphrastic future with ἐχόμεναι ('shall be holding-together'), a construction common in the LXX rendering Hebrew stative/durative ideas.
ἐξfrompreposition + genitive (reciprocal: 'from one another')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive of the reciprocal pronoun, in the idiom ἐξ ἀλλήλων ('from one another'), expressing mutual attachment.
ἀλλήλωνone anotherGenitivereciprocal pronoun (object of ἐξ)→ relational specificationἀλλήλων: 'of one another'; reciprocal pronoun; ἐξ ἀλλήλων ἐχόμεναι = 'holding to one another,' describing the curtains coupled in a continuous sheet.
ἐχόμεναιholding together / adjoiningPres Mid Ptcp Nom Pl Fem · ἔχωpredicate participle (with ἔσονται: periphrastic)→ durative present (continuous state of being joined)ἔχω (mid. ἔχομαι): 'hold / cling to / be next to'; the middle ἔχομαι + genitive means 'adjoining / contiguous with'; the participle ἐχόμεναι describes the five curtains as forming one continuous adjoined sheet; renders חֹבְרֹת ('joined').
ἡtheNominativearticle (with ἑτέρα)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑτέραone / the otherNominativesubject of distributive phrase ('the one ... from the other')→ participant prominenceἕτερος: 'other / the one (of two)'; the distributive ἡ ἑτέρα ἐκ τῆς ἑτέρας ('the one from the other') renders the Hebrew אִשָּׁה אֶל אֲחֹתָהּ ('each to her sister'), a reciprocal idiom for piece-by-piece joining.
ἐκfrompreposition + genitive (distributive reciprocal)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (distributive reciprocal).
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with ἑτέρας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑτέραςthe otherGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ: 'from the other')→ relational specificationἕτερος: the genitive completes the distributive reciprocal 'the one [adjoining] from the other.'
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the second set)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (second set of curtains)→ measure or countπέντε: the second group of five curtains, parallel to the first.
αὐλαῖαιcurtainsNominativesubject (of the second ἔσονται)→ participant prominenceαὐλαία: nominative plural; the second set.
ἔσονταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Pl · εἰμίcopula (periphrastic with συνεχόμεναι)→ prescriptive future (periphrastic)εἰμί: again periphrastic, here with συνεχόμεναι.
συνεχόμεναιcoupled togetherPres Mid Ptcp Nom Pl Fem · συνέχωpredicate participle (with ἔσονται: periphrastic)→ durative present (continuous coupled state)συνέχω (mid. συνέχομαι): 'hold together / be coupled'; the compound συν- intensifies the simple ἔχομαι of the first clause, stressing the tight union of the second set; renders חֹבְרֹת.
ἑτέραoneNominativedistributive subject ('one to the other')→ participant prominenceἕτερος: the distributive ἑτέρα τῇ ἑτέρᾳ ('one to the other') is the dative-construction counterpart of the ἐκ-construction in the first clause.
τῇtheDativearticle (with ἑτέρᾳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑτέρᾳto the otherDativedative (recipient of the joining: 'to the other')→ sphere or referenceἕτερος: dative of the second member; the variation ἐκ τῆς ἑτέρας / τῇ ἑτέρᾳ between the two clauses is stylistic, both rendering the reciprocal 'each to its neighbor.'
4

καὶ ποιήσεις αὐταῖς ἀγκύλας ὑακινθίνας ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους τῆς αὐλαίας τῆς μιᾶς ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς μέρους εἰς τὴν συμβολὴν καὶ οὕτως ποιήσεις ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους τῆς αὐλαίας τῆς ἐξωτέρας πρὸς τῇ συμβολῇ τῇ δευτέρᾳ

And you shall make for them blue loops upon the edge of the one curtain, on the one side, at the joining; and so you shall do upon the edge of the outer curtain, at the second joining.

Next directive (the coupling-loops)καὶ ποιήσεις αὐταῖς ἀγκύλας
Returns to the leitmotif ποιήσεις, now introducing the means by which the two sets of five are joined: blue loops along the meeting-edges. The phrase καὶ οὕτως ποιήσεις ('and so you shall do') is a mirror-formula directing identical treatment of the second curtain-edge, a frequent device in the construction account.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain resumes, here governing ἀγκύλας ('loops') as object.
αὐταῖςfor themDativedative of advantage (= for the curtains)→ sphere or referenceαὐτός: feminine dative plural referring to the αὐλαῖαι; dative of advantage, 'for them (the curtains).'
ἀγκύλαςloopsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationἀγκύλη: 'loop / noose'; renders לֻלָאֹת; a technical tabernacle term for the fabric loops along the curtain-edges through which the clasps pass; here qualified ὑακινθίνας ('of blue').
ὑακινθίναςblue / of blueAccusativeattributive adjective (color of the loops)→ object specificationὑακίνθινος: 'of blue / hyacinth-colored'; the adjectival form of ὑάκινθος; the loops match the blue of the curtains' design; renders תְּכֵלֶת.
ἐπὶuponpreposition + genitive (location: 'on the edge')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive of place, 'upon / on'; locates the loops on the curtain-edge.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with χείλους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείλουςedge / lipGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί: 'on the edge')→ relational specificationχεῖλος: 'lip / edge / border'; renders שָׂפָה; used here of the selvage-edge of the curtain where the loops are sewn; the same word can mean a river-bank or a person's lip.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with αὐλαίας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'of the curtain')→ relational specificationαὐλαία: the edge belongs to 'the one curtain' at the end of the first set.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with μιᾶς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μιᾶςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (distributive: 'the one curtain')→ relational specificationεἷς, μία, ἕν: 'one'; the endmost curtain of the first set, whose edge meets the second set.
ἐκfrom / onpreposition + genitive (location: 'on the one side')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: here locational, 'on / from'; ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς μέρους = 'on the one side.'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with μέρους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὸςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (with μέρους)→ relational specificationεἷς: 'one'; the genitive ἑνός with μέρους designates 'the one side' where the joining occurs.
μέρουςside / partGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ: 'on the one side')→ relational specificationμέρος: 'part / side / region'; renders קָצֶה / צַד; here the edge-side of the curtain-set at the point of coupling.
εἰςat / towardpreposition + accusative (goal/purpose: 'at the joining')→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: + accusative of goal/result, 'for / at the joining' — the loops are placed with a view to the coupling-seam.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with συμβολήν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συμβολὴνjoining / junctureAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς: 'at the join')→ object specificationσυμβολή: 'joining / meeting-point / seam'; from συμβάλλω ('throw together'); renders מַחְבֶּרֶת ('coupling'); the technical term for the seam where the two curtain-sets are united.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὕτωςthus / soadverb of manner (mirror-formula: 'in the same way')→ adverbial qualificationοὕτως: 'thus / so'; the formula καὶ οὕτως ποιήσεις ('and so you shall do') directs identical workmanship for the parallel edge; a frequent economy-device in the construction account.
ποιήσειςyou shall doFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future, mirror-clause)→ directive futureποιέω: the repeated command applies the same treatment to the second curtain-edge.
ἐπὶuponpreposition + genitive (location)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (location).
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with χείλους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείλουςedgeGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationχεῖλος: the edge of the second (outer) curtain-set, parallel to the first.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with αὐλαίας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationαὐλαία: the endmost curtain of the second set.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with ἐξωτέρας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐξωτέραςouterGenitiveattributive adjective (comparative: 'the outer one')→ relational specificationἐξώτερος: 'outer / outermost'; comparative-form adjective; designates the curtain on the far/outer side of the second set, whose edge meets the first at the seam.
πρὸςat / towardpreposition + dative (location: 'at the second joining')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + dative (rare in the LXX), 'at / near'; locates the loops at the second seam, parallel to the εἰς-construction of the first clause.
τῇtheDativearticle (with συμβολῇ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συμβολῇjoiningDativedative (object of πρός: 'at the joining')→ sphere or referenceσυμβολή: the second seam, matching the first; the dative here varies the earlier accusative construction.
τῇtheDativearticle (with δευτέρᾳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρᾳsecondDativeattributive ordinal (modifying συμβολῇ)→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: 'second'; the ordinal distinguishes the second coupling-seam from the first; renders שֵׁנִית.
5

πεντήκοντα ἀγκύλας ποιήσεις τῇ αὐλαίᾳ τῇ μιᾷ καὶ πεντήκοντα ἀγκύλας ποιήσεις ἐκ τοῦ μέρους τῆς αὐλαίας κατὰ τὴν συμβολὴν τῆς δευτέρας ἀντιπρόσωποι ἀντιπίπτουσαι ἀλλήλαις εἰς ἑκάστην

Fifty loops you shall make for the one curtain, and fifty loops you shall make on the side of the curtain at the second joining, the loops facing one another, falling opposite each other, one toward each.

Specification (the count and alignment of the loops)πεντήκοντα ἀγκύλας ποιήσεις
Fronts the number πεντήκοντα for emphasis; the verse specifies the symmetry of the loops on the two curtain-sets — fifty answering fifty, each pair aligned face-to-face so that the clasps can pass through. The rare descriptive terms ἀντιπρόσωποι and ἀντιπίπτουσαι stress exact positional correspondence.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
πεντήκονταfiftyindeclinable cardinal (fronted, modifying ἀγκύλας)→ measure or countπεντήκοντα: 'fifty'; indeclinable; fifty loops on each curtain-set, matched by fifty clasps in v. 6; renders חֲמִשִּׁים.
ἀγκύλαςloopsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationἀγκύλη: see v. 4; the loops along the meeting-edge of the first curtain-set.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here governs the first set of fifty loops.
τῇfor theDativearticle (with αὐλαίᾳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίᾳcurtainDativedative of advantage (the curtain for which the loops are made)→ sphere or referenceαὐλαία: dative singular; the distributive 'the one curtain' = the endmost curtain of the first set.
τῇtheDativearticle (with μιᾷ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μιᾷoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: the distributive 'one' marking the single curtain-edge of the first set.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the second set of loops)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πεντήκονταfiftyindeclinable cardinal (second set)→ measure or countπεντήκοντα: the matching fifty loops on the second curtain-set.
ἀγκύλαςloopsAccusativedirect object (second set)→ object specificationἀγκύλη: the second group of loops, set opposite the first.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future, parallel clause)→ directive futureποιέω: the second command, for the loops of the second set.
ἐκon / frompreposition + genitive (location: 'on the side')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational, 'on / from'; ἐκ τοῦ μέρους = 'on the side.'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with μέρους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέρουςside / partGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ)→ relational specificationμέρος: 'side / part'; the edge-side of the second curtain-set.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with αὐλαίας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationαὐλαία: the curtain of the second set whose edge bears the matching loops.
κατὰat / according topreposition + accusative (location: 'at the joining')→ spatial or relational framingκατά: + accusative, 'at / along'; locates the loops along the line of the second seam.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with συμβολὴν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συμβολὴνjoiningAccusativeaccusative (object of κατά)→ object specificationσυμβολή: see v. 4; the coupling-seam where the two sets meet.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with δευτέρας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέραςsecondGenitiveattributive ordinal (genitive: 'of the second [set/joining]')→ relational specificationδεύτερος: 'second'; distinguishes the second curtain-set/seam from the first.
ἀντιπρόσωποιfacing one anotherNominativepredicate adjective (describing the loops: 'face-to-face')→ participant prominenceἀντιπρόσωπος: 'facing / opposite / face-to-face' (ἀντί + πρόσωπον); a rare compound; describes the loops of the two sets as set directly opposite one another so each loop matches its counterpart for the clasp.
ἀντιπίπτουσαιfalling oppositePres Act Ptcp Nom Pl Fem · ἀντιπίπτωattributive participle (describing the loops: 'falling opposite')→ durative present (continuous positional correspondence)ἀντιπίπτω: 'fall against / correspond / be set opposite' (ἀντί + πίπτω); the participle reinforces ἀντιπρόσωποι, stressing that each loop 'falls' exactly opposite its partner; the same verb describes the corresponding tenons in v. 17.
ἀλλήλαιςto one anotherDativereciprocal pronoun (dative with ἀντιπίπτουσαι)→ participant reference or interestἀλλήλων: reciprocal pronoun; the dative ἀλλήλαις completes 'falling opposite to one another,' marking the exact pairing of the loops.
εἰςtowardpreposition + accusative (distributive: 'to each')→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: + accusative, distributive, 'toward / to each one'; the idiom εἰς ἑκάστην = 'one (loop) toward each (counterpart).'
ἑκάστηνeachAccusativedistributive adjective (object of εἰς)→ object specificationἕκαστος: 'each / every'; the feminine accusative ἑκάστην (sc. ἀγκύλην) marks the one-to-one pairing of every loop with its opposite.
6

καὶ ποιήσεις κρίκους πεντήκοντα χρυσοῦς καὶ συνάψεις τὰς αὐλαίας ἑτέραν τῇ ἑτέρᾳ τοῖς κρίκοις καὶ ἔσται ἡ σκηνὴ μία

And you shall make fifty golden clasps, and you shall couple the curtains one to the other with the clasps, and the tabernacle shall be one.

Climax of unit A (the clasps that unify the tabernacle)καὶ ποιήσεις κρίκους
The clasps (κρίκους) complete the coupling-mechanism: fifty golden rings pass through the fifty pairs of facing loops, drawing the two five-curtain sets into a single sheet. The concluding clause καὶ ἔσται ἡ σκηνὴ μία ('and the tabernacle shall be one') is the telos of the whole unit — the multiplicity of curtains becomes a single dwelling, a unity-motif that resonates with the oneness of the God who dwells there.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here governs κρίκους ('clasps').
κρίκουςclasps / ringsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationκρίκος: 'ring / clasp / hook'; renders קֶרֶס ('clasp'); the metal fastener passing through the loops; here χρυσοῦς ('golden'), in v. 11 χαλκοῦς ('bronze') for the outer tent — a gradation of value matching the layers' proximity to the holy.
πεντήκονταfiftyindeclinable cardinal (modifying κρίκους)→ measure or countπεντήκοντα: fifty clasps to match the fifty pairs of loops of v. 5.
χρυσοῦςgoldenAccusativeattributive adjective (material of the clasps)→ object specificationχρυσοῦς: 'of gold'; renders זָהָב; the gold clasps of the inner tabernacle contrast with the bronze clasps of the goats'-hair tent (v. 11).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνάψειςyou shall couple / joinFut Act Indic 2 Sg · συνάπτωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)συνάπτω: 'join together / couple / fasten' (σύν + ἅπτω); renders חִבֵּר; the verb of coupling the curtains via the clasps; recurs at vv. 9, 11 for the goats'-hair curtains.
τὰςtheAccusativearticle (with αὐλαίας)→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλαίαςcurtainsAccusativedirect object (of συνάψεις)→ object specificationαὐλαία: the ten curtains, coupled by the clasps into a single sheet.
ἑτέρανoneAccusativedistributive accusative ('one [curtain] to the other')→ object specificationἕτερος: the distributive ἑτέραν τῇ ἑτέρᾳ ('the one to the other') restates the reciprocal coupling of v. 3.
τῇto theDativearticle (with ἑτέρᾳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑτέρᾳto the otherDativedative (recipient of the coupling)→ sphere or referenceἕτερος: dative of the partner curtain; 'each to its neighbor.'
τοῖςwith theDativearticle (with κρίκοις)→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κρίκοιςclaspsDativedative of instrument ('with the clasps')→ sphere or referenceκρίκος: dative of means; the clasps are the instrument by which the curtains are coupled.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (result)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (result clause: 'the tabernacle shall be one')→ resultative future (telos of the coupling)εἰμί (fut. ἔσται): the result-future; the coupling has the goal that 'the tabernacle shall be one.'
ἡtheNominativearticle (with σκηνὴ)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνὴtabernacleNominativesubject (of ἔσται)→ participant prominenceσκηνή: see v. 1; the unity of the curtains constitutes the single σκηνή.
μίαoneNominativepredicate numeral ('one' — the telos of the coupling)→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: the emphatic predicate 'one'; the multiplicity of curtains becomes a single dwelling, a unity-motif climaxing unit A; the same idea recurs of the goats'-hair tent (καὶ ἔσται ἕν, v. 11).
7

καὶ ποιήσεις δέρρεις τριχίνας σκέπην ἐπὶ τῆς σκηνῆς ἕνδεκα δέρρεις ποιήσεις αὐτάς

And you shall make goats'-hair curtains as a covering over the tabernacle; eleven curtains you shall make them.

New sub-unit B (the outer goats'-hair tent)καὶ ποιήσεις δέρρεις τριχίνας
Opens the second layer: the goats'-hair curtains (δέρρεις τριχίνας) that form the tent over the linen tabernacle. The shift from αὐλαία (linen) to δέρρις (hair-cloth) and from ten to eleven marks the transition to the protective outer covering (σκέπην). The inclusio ποιήσεις … ποιήσεις αὐτάς mirrors v. 1.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain, opening the goats'-hair-tent section.
δέρρειςhair-curtainsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationδέρρις: 'skin / leather / coarse hair-cloth curtain'; renders יְרִיעֹת עִזִּים ('curtains of goats' [hair]'); the LXX uses δέρρις for the goats'-hair tent-cloths, distinct from the linen αὐλαῖαι; the word also denotes a leather covering.
τριχίναςof hair / hairclothAccusativeattributive adjective (material: 'made of hair')→ object specificationτρίχινος: 'made of hair' (from θρίξ, 'hair'); specifies goats'-hair fabric, a coarse, weather-resistant cloth; the same adjective describes the sackcloth of mourning and the prophetic mantle (cf. Zech 13:4; Rev 6:12 τρίχινος).
σκέπηνcovering / shelterAccusativeaccusative in apposition / purpose ('as a covering')→ object specificationσκέπη: 'covering / shelter / protection'; renders אֹהֶל ('tent') in function; the goats'-hair curtains serve as the protective σκέπη over the precious linen tabernacle beneath; σκέπη also bears the theological sense of divine shelter (cf. Ps 90:1 LXX ἐν σκέπῃ τοῦ θεοῦ).
ἐπὶoverpreposition + genitive (location: 'over the tabernacle')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive, 'over / upon'; the goats'-hair tent lies over the linen tabernacle.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the linen tabernacle of vv. 1–6, now to be covered by the goats'-hair tent.
ἕνδεκαelevenindeclinable cardinal (modifying δέρρεις)→ clausal contributionἕνδεκα: 'eleven'; indeclinable; the outer tent has eleven curtains, one more than the inner ten, so that the extra cloth overhangs front and rear (vv. 9, 12); renders עַשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה.
δέρρειςhair-curtainsAccusativedirect object (resumptive, with the number)→ object specificationδέρρις: the eleven curtains restated with their count.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (resumptive: closes the inclusio)→ directive futureποιέω: the second ποιήσεις forms an inclusio with the first, bracketing the specification (cf. v. 1).
αὐτάςthemAccusativedirect object (resumptive pronoun = δέρρεις)→ participant referenceαὐτός: feminine accusative plural resuming δέρρεις; a Hebraizing resumptive pronoun.
8

τὸ μῆκος τῆς δέρρεως τῆς μιᾶς ἔσται τριάκοντα πήχεων καὶ τεσσάρων πήχεων τὸ εὖρος τῆς δέρρεως τῆς μιᾶς μέτρον τὸ αὐτὸ ἔσται ταῖς ἕνδεκα δέρρεσι

The length of the one curtain shall be thirty cubits, and four cubits the breadth of the one curtain; the same measure shall be for the eleven curtains.

Specification (dimensions of the goats'-hair curtains)τὸ μῆκος τῆς δέρρεως τῆς μιᾶς
Parallels v. 2 in form but with larger dimensions: thirty cubits (two more than the linen curtains' twenty-eight), so that the outer tent overhangs the inner on every side. The closing μέτρον τὸ αὐτό again asserts uniformity across all eleven curtains.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
τὸtheNominativearticle (with μῆκος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μῆκοςlengthNominativenominative (head of measurement-clause)→ participant prominenceμῆκος: see v. 2; the length of each goats'-hair curtain.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεως)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'of the curtain')→ relational specificationδέρρις (gen. δέρρεως): the goats'-hair curtain; here with distributive τῆς μιᾶς.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with μιᾶς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μιᾶςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (distributive)→ relational specificationεἷς, μία, ἕν: distributive 'one,' each single curtain.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (predicating the length)→ prescriptive future (specification)εἰμί: the prescriptive future of measurement-specification (cf. v. 2).
τριάκονταthirtyindeclinable cardinal (length in cubits)→ measure or countτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; indeclinable; two cubits longer than the linen curtains (28, v. 2), allowing the overhang; renders שְׁלֹשִׁים.
πήχεωνcubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς: see v. 2; the unit of the stated length.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (joining length and breadth)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεσσάρωνfourGenitiveattributive cardinal (with πήχεων)→ relational specificationτέσσαρες: 'four'; the breadth, identical to the linen curtains' breadth.
πήχεωνcubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς: the unit of the breadth.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with εὖρος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὖροςbreadthNominativenominative (head of second measurement-clause)→ participant prominenceεὖρος: see v. 2; the breadth of each curtain.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεως)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationδέρρις: the goats'-hair curtain again.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with μιᾶς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μιᾶςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (distributive)→ relational specificationεἷς, μία, ἕν: distributive 'one,' each single curtain.
μέτρονmeasureNominativesubject (of the second ἔσται)→ participant prominenceμέτρον: see v. 2; μέτρον τὸ αὐτό ('the same measure') asserts uniformity across the eleven.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with αὐτὸ)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτὸsameNominativepredicate adjective (identity)→ participant referenceαὐτός: 'the same'; identical dimension for every curtain.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (predicating uniformity)→ prescriptive futureεἰμί: the same measure 'shall be' for all eleven.
ταῖςfor theDativearticle (with δέρρεσι)→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἕνδεκαelevenindeclinable cardinal (modifying δέρρεσι)→ clausal contributionἕνδεκα: 'eleven'; the full count of the goats'-hair curtains.
δέρρεσιcurtainsDativedative of reference (the whole set of eleven)→ sphere or referenceδέρρις (dat. pl. δέρρεσι): the uniform measure applies to all eleven goats'-hair curtains.
9

καὶ συνάψεις τὰς πέντε δέρρεις ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ καὶ τὰς ἓξ δέρρεις ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό καὶ ἐπιδιπλώσεις τὴν δέρριν τὴν ἕκτην κατὰ πρόσωπον τῆς σκηνῆς

And you shall couple the five curtains together, and the six curtains together, and you shall double over the sixth curtain at the front of the tabernacle.

Specification (the two sets of goats'-hair curtains, with the sixth doubled)καὶ συνάψεις τὰς πέντε δέρρεις
The eleven curtains divide unevenly into five and six (unlike the inner ten's symmetric 5+5), the extra sixth curtain being folded double over the front of the tent. The verb ἐπιδιπλώσεις ('double over') is a precise technical term explaining how the odd eleventh curtain is managed at the entrance.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνάψειςyou shall coupleFut Act Indic 2 Sg · συνάπτωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)συνάπτω: see v. 6; here couples the first set of five goats'-hair curtains.
τὰςtheAccusativearticle (with δέρρεις)→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying δέρρεις)→ measure or countπέντε: the first set of five goats'-hair curtains.
δέρρειςcurtainsAccusativedirect object (of συνάψεις)→ object specificationδέρρις: the goats'-hair curtains, here the first group of five.
ἐπὶto / togetherpreposition + accusative (idiom: 'to the same' = together)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: in the idiom ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό ('to the same [place]' = 'together'), a fixed LXX expression for assembling into one; cf. its later liturgical use of the gathered church (Acts 2:1).
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with αὐτὸ)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτὸsameAccusativeobject of ἐπί (in idiom ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό: 'together')→ participant referenceαὐτός: in ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό = 'into one / together'; the five curtains joined into a single panel.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the second set)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheAccusativearticle (with δέρρεις)→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἓξsixindeclinable cardinal (modifying δέρρεις)→ clausal contributionἕξ: 'six'; indeclinable; the second set of six curtains, one more than the first set, the extra being doubled at the front; renders שֵׁשׁ.
δέρρειςcurtainsAccusativedirect object (implied with συνάψεις)→ object specificationδέρρις: the second group of six goats'-hair curtains.
ἐπὶto / togetherpreposition + accusative (idiom: 'together')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: again in the idiom ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό ('together').
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with αὐτό)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτόsameAccusativeobject of ἐπί (idiom: 'together')→ participant referenceαὐτός: the six curtains joined into one panel.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιδιπλώσειςyou shall double overFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ἐπιδιπλόωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ἐπιδιπλόω: 'fold double / double over' (ἐπί + διπλόω); renders כָּפַל ('fold'); a precise technical verb describing how the odd sixth curtain is folded back upon itself over the front of the tent; a rare compound.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with δέρριν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρινcurtainAccusativedirect object (of ἐπιδιπλώσεις)→ object specificationδέρρις (acc. δέρριν): the single curtain to be doubled over.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with ἕκτην)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἕκτηνsixthAccusativeattributive ordinal (modifying δέρριν)→ object specificationἕκτος: 'sixth'; the sixth (i.e. the extra) curtain of the second set, doubled over the entrance; renders הַשִּׁשִּׁית.
κατὰat / facingpreposition + accusative (location: 'at the front')→ spatial or relational framingκατά: + accusative in the idiom κατὰ πρόσωπον ('at the face/front of'), a Hebraism rendering אֶל מוּל פְּנֵי ('toward the front of').
πρόσωπονfront / faceAccusativeaccusative (object of κατά: 'the front')→ object specificationπρόσωπον: 'face / front'; renders פָּנִים; κατὰ πρόσωπον τῆς σκηνῆς = 'at the front of the tabernacle,' i.e. the entrance, where the doubled curtain forms a kind of valance.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (with πρόσωπον: 'the front of the tabernacle')→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose front the doubled curtain overhangs.
10

καὶ ποιήσεις ἀγκύλας πεντήκοντα ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους τῆς δέρρεως τῆς μιᾶς τῆς ἀνὰ μέσον κατὰ συμβολὴν καὶ πεντήκοντα ἀγκύλας ποιήσεις ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους τῆς δέρρεως τῆς συναπτούσης τῆς δευτέρας

And you shall make fifty loops upon the edge of the one curtain that is in the middle at the joining, and fifty loops you shall make upon the edge of the curtain that couples the second.

Specification (the loops of the goats'-hair tent, paralleling v. 5)καὶ ποιήσεις ἀγκύλας πεντήκοντα
Parallels v. 5 for the outer tent: fifty loops along each meeting-edge of the two goats'-hair panels. The participle τῆς συναπτούσης ('that couples') names the function of the second panel's edge — it is the side that joins to its counterpart, prepared for the bronze clasps of v. 11.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here the loops of the goats'-hair tent.
ἀγκύλαςloopsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationἀγκύλη: see v. 4; the loops of the outer-tent panels.
πεντήκονταfiftyindeclinable cardinal (modifying ἀγκύλας)→ measure or countπεντήκοντα: fifty loops on the edge of the first panel, matched by fifty on the second.
ἐπὶuponpreposition + genitive (location)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive, 'upon'; locates the loops on the curtain-edge.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with χείλους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείλουςedgeGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationχεῖλος: see v. 4; the edge of the goats'-hair panel.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεως)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationδέρρις: the goats'-hair curtain at the seam.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with μιᾶς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μιᾶςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (distributive)→ relational specificationεἷς, μία, ἕν: the distributive 'one curtain' at the meeting-point.
τῆςthe oneGenitivearticle (substantizing the following ἀνὰ μέσον phrase)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνὰinpreposition (in the idiom ἀνὰ μέσον: 'in the middle')→ spatial or relational framingἀνά: in the fixed idiom ἀνὰ μέσον ('in the midst / between'), a Hebraism rendering בְּתוֹךְ / בֵּין; here 'the one in the middle' = the curtain at the central join.
μέσονmiddleAccusativeobject of ἀνά (idiom: 'in the middle')→ object specificationμέσος: 'middle'; ἀνὰ μέσον = 'in the midst,' marking the curtain that lies at the coupling-line.
κατὰatpreposition + accusative (location: 'at the joining')→ spatial or relational framingκατά: + accusative, 'at / along'; locates the loops along the seam.
συμβολὴνjoiningAccusativeaccusative (object of κατά)→ object specificationσυμβολή: see v. 4; the coupling-seam of the goats'-hair panels.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (second set of loops)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πεντήκονταfiftyindeclinable cardinal (second set)→ measure or countπεντήκοντα: the matching fifty loops on the second panel.
ἀγκύλαςloopsAccusativedirect object (second set)→ object specificationἀγκύλη: the loops of the second panel.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future, parallel clause)→ directive futureποιέω: the second command, for the loops of the coupling panel.
ἐπὶuponpreposition + genitive (location)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (location).
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with χείλους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείλουςedgeGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationχεῖλος: the edge of the second goats'-hair panel.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεως)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationδέρρις: the coupling curtain of the second panel.
τῆςthe oneGenitivearticle (with the participle συναπτούσης)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συναπτούσηςthat couples / joinsPres Act Ptcp Gen Sg Fem · συνάπτωattributive participle (modifying δέρρεως: 'the curtain that joins')→ durative present (the curtain's coupling function)συνάπτω: see v. 6; the present participle τῆς συναπτούσης ('the one that joins') names the curtain whose edge couples to the other panel.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with δευτέρας)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέραςsecondGenitiveattributive ordinal (genitive: 'of the second')→ relational specificationδεύτερος: 'second'; the second panel, joined to the first by the loops and clasps.
11

καὶ ποιήσεις κρίκους χαλκοῦς πεντήκοντα καὶ συνάψεις τοὺς κρίκους ἐκ τῶν ἀγκυλῶν καὶ συνάψεις τὰς δέρρεις καὶ ἔσται ἕν

And you shall make fifty bronze clasps, and you shall join the clasps from the loops, and you shall couple the curtains, and it shall be one.

Climax of the goats'-hair coupling (paralleling v. 6)καὶ ποιήσεις κρίκους χαλκοῦς
Parallels v. 6, but with bronze (χαλκοῦς) clasps rather than gold — the outer, less holy layer takes the baser metal. The clasps pass through the loops to draw the two panels into one tent. The closing καὶ ἔσται ἕν ('and it shall be one', neuter, agreeing with the whole tent-covering) echoes ἡ σκηνὴ μία of v. 6.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here governs the bronze clasps.
κρίκουςclaspsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationκρίκος: see v. 6; the clasps of the goats'-hair tent.
χαλκοῦςbronzeAccusativeattributive adjective (material of the clasps)→ object specificationχαλκοῦς: 'of bronze / copper'; renders נְחֹשֶׁת; the bronze clasps of the outer tent contrast with the golden clasps of the inner tabernacle (v. 6) — the metals descend in value with distance from the holy.
πεντήκονταfiftyindeclinable cardinal (modifying κρίκους)→ measure or countπεντήκοντα: fifty clasps to match the fifty pairs of loops of v. 10.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνάψειςyou shall joinFut Act Indic 2 Sg · συνάπτωmain verb (directive future)→ directive futureσυνάπτω: see v. 6; here the clasps are inserted through the loops.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with κρίκους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κρίκουςclaspsAccusativedirect object (of συνάψεις)→ object specificationκρίκος: the clasps to be joined through the loops.
ἐκfrom / by means ofpreposition + genitive (means/source: 'from the loops')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive, here of means/connection, 'from / by way of the loops'; the clasps engage the loops to bind the panels.
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with ἀγκυλῶν)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγκυλῶνloopsGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ)→ relational specificationἀγκύλη: see v. 4; the loops through which the clasps pass.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνάψειςyou shall coupleFut Act Indic 2 Sg · συνάπτωmain verb (directive future)→ directive futureσυνάπτω: the repeated verb; the curtains themselves are thereby coupled into one tent.
τὰςtheAccusativearticle (with δέρρεις)→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρειςcurtainsAccusativedirect object (of συνάψεις)→ object specificationδέρρις: the goats'-hair curtains, coupled into a single covering.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (result)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (result clause: 'it shall be one')→ resultative future (telos of the coupling)εἰμί (fut. ἔσται): the result-future; the coupled covering becomes one.
ἕνoneNominativepredicate numeral (neuter: 'one [covering]')→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: the neuter ἕν (sc. the whole covering/σκέπασμα) echoes the ἡ σκηνὴ μία of v. 6; the unity-motif applies to both layers of the tent.
12

καὶ ὑποθήσεις τὸ πλεονάζον ἐν ταῖς δέρρεσιν τῆς σκηνῆς τὸ ἥμισυ τῆς δέρρεως τὸ ὑπολελειμμένον ὑποκαλύψεις τὸ πλεονάζον τῶν δέρρεων τῆς σκηνῆς ὑποκαλύψεις ὀπίσω τῆς σκηνῆς

And you shall set under the surplus in the curtains of the tabernacle; the half of the curtain that is left over you shall cover under; the surplus of the curtains of the tabernacle you shall cover under, behind the tabernacle.

Specification (disposing of the overhang at the rear)καὶ ὑποθήσεις τὸ πλεονάζον
Because the goats'-hair tent is longer than the linen tabernacle (30 vs. 28 cubits; eleven vs. ten curtains), there is surplus cloth (τὸ πλεονάζον). This verse directs how the excess half-curtain is folded down behind the tabernacle, the compounds ὑποτίθημι and ὑποκαλύπτω ('place under / cover under') stressing that the overhang drapes downward over the rear.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑποθήσειςyou shall set underFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ὑποτίθημιmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ὑποτίθημι: 'place under / lay beneath' (ὑπό + τίθημι); here of letting the surplus cloth hang down beneath/behind; the compound ὑπό stresses the downward drape of the overhang.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with the participle πλεονάζον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλεονάζονthe surplus / excessPres Act Ptcp Acc Sg Neut · πλεονάζωsubstantized participle (direct object: 'the part that is in excess')→ durative present (the standing surplus)πλεονάζω: 'be more / abound / be in excess' (from πλέον, 'more'); the neuter participle τὸ πλεονάζον ('the surplus') denotes the extra length of the goats'-hair tent beyond the linen tabernacle; renders the Hebrew sense of הָעֹדֵף ('that which remains over').
ἐνin / amongpreposition + dative (location: 'in the curtains')→ spatial or relational framingἐν: + dative, 'in / among'; the surplus is found among the goats'-hair curtains.
ταῖςtheDativearticle (with δέρρεσιν)→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεσινcurtainsDativedative (object of ἐν)→ sphere or referenceδέρρις (dat. pl. δέρρεσιν): the goats'-hair curtains in which the surplus lies.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose covering-curtains have the surplus.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with ἥμισυ)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἥμισυhalfAccusativedirect object (the half-curtain of surplus)→ object specificationἥμισυς: 'half'; renders חֲצִי; the doubled-back sixth curtain (v. 9) yields a half-curtain of surplus that hangs at the rear; the neuter τὸ ἥμισυ is here substantival.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεως)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωςcurtainGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'half of the curtain')→ relational specificationδέρρις: the curtain of which the half is surplus.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with the participle ὑπολελειμμένον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπολελειμμένονthat is left overPerf Pass Ptcp Acc Sg Neut · ὑπολείπωattributive participle (modifying τὸ ἥμισυ: 'the remaining half')→ resultative perfect (the remnant left standing)ὑπολείπω: 'leave behind / leave over' (ὑπό + λείπω); the perfect passive participle τὸ ὑπολελειμμένον ('that which has been left over') is the remnant of cloth beyond the tabernacle's length; renders הָעֹדֵף.
ὑποκαλύψειςyou shall cover underFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ὑποκαλύπτωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ὑποκαλύπτω: 'cover beneath / drape under' (ὑπό + καλύπτω); the remnant is draped down to cover the lower/rear part of the tabernacle; a rare compound, near-hapax in the LXX.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with πλεονάζον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλεονάζονsurplusPres Act Ptcp Acc Sg Neut · πλεονάζωsubstantized participle (direct object, restated)→ durative present (the standing surplus)πλεονάζω: see above; the surplus restated as the object of the second ὑποκαλύψεις.
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωνcurtainsGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'of the curtains')→ relational specificationδέρρις (gen. pl. δέρρεων): the goats'-hair curtains whose surplus is draped.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle covered by the surplus.
ὑποκαλύψειςyou shall cover underFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ὑποκαλύπτωmain verb (directive future, repeated)→ directive futureὑποκαλύπτω: the repeated verb; the surplus is draped down behind the tabernacle.
ὀπίσωbehindpreposition + genitive (location: 'behind')→ spatial or relational framingὀπίσω: 'behind / at the back of'; + genitive; renders אֲחֹרֵי; specifies that the surplus hangs down at the rear (west) of the tabernacle.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (object of ὀπίσω)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle behind which the cloth hangs.
13

πῆχυν ἐκ τούτου καὶ πῆχυν ἐκ τούτου ἐκ τοῦ ὑπερέχοντος τῶν δέρρεων ἐκ τοῦ μήκους τῶν δέρρεων τῆς σκηνῆς ἔσται συγκαλύπτον ἐπὶ τὰ πλάγια τῆς σκηνῆς ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν ἵνα καλύπτῃ

A cubit on this side and a cubit on that, of the excess of the curtains, of the length of the curtains of the tabernacle, shall be covering over the sides of the tabernacle on this side and on that, that it may cover it.

Specification (the lateral overhang)πῆχυν ἐκ τούτου καὶ πῆχυν ἐκ τούτου
Where v. 12 disposed of the rear surplus, this verse handles the side surplus: the goats'-hair tent being longer than the tabernacle, a cubit hangs down each side (ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν, 'on this side and that'). The purpose clause ἵνα καλύπτῃ ('that it may cover') states the function of the overhang — protection of the linen tabernacle beneath.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
πῆχυνa cubitAccusativeaccusative of extent (measure of overhang)→ object specificationπῆχυς: see v. 2; the accusative of extent πῆχυν = 'a cubit's worth' of overhang on each side.
ἐκonpreposition + genitive (location: 'on this side')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational in the idiom ἐκ τούτου … ἐκ τούτου ('on this side … on that side').
τούτουthis sideGenitivedemonstrative (object of ἐκ: 'this side')→ relational specificationοὗτος: the demonstrative in ἐκ τούτου ('on this [side]'), correlative with the following ἐκ τούτου ('on that').
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πῆχυνa cubitAccusativeaccusative of extent (overhang on the other side)→ object specificationπῆχυς: the matching cubit of overhang on the opposite side.
ἐκonpreposition + genitive (location: 'on that side')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational, 'on that side.'
τούτουthat sideGenitivedemonstrative (object of ἐκ: 'that side')→ relational specificationοὗτος: the correlative 'on that [side].'
ἐκof / frompreposition + genitive (partitive/source)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive, partitive, 'of the excess.'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ὑπερέχοντος)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπερέχοντοςthe excess / overhangPres Act Ptcp Gen Sg Neut · ὑπερέχωsubstantized participle (partitive genitive: 'of the part that overhangs')→ durative present (the standing overhang)ὑπερέχω: 'project over / exceed / overhang' (ὑπέρ + ἔχω); the neuter participle τὸ ὑπερέχον ('that which overhangs') names the projecting length of cloth; a synonym of τὸ πλεονάζον (v. 12).
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωνcurtainsGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'of the curtains')→ relational specificationδέρρις (gen. pl. δέρρεων): the goats'-hair curtains whose excess overhangs.
ἐκof / frompreposition + genitive (source: 'of the length')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive, 'from / of the length' — the overhang derives from the curtains' extra length.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with μήκους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μήκουςlengthGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ: 'of the length')→ relational specificationμῆκος: see v. 2; the extra length (30 vs. 28 cubits) accounts for the lateral overhang.
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with δέρρεων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέρρεωνcurtainsGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationδέρρις: the goats'-hair curtains again.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose covering-curtains have the overhang.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (with predicate participle συγκαλύπτον: periphrastic)→ prescriptive future (periphrastic with participle)εἰμί (fut. ἔσται): forms a periphrastic future with συγκαλύπτον ('shall be covering'), describing the durative covering-function of the overhang.
συγκαλύπτονcovering / envelopingPres Act Ptcp Nom Sg Neut · συγκαλύπτωpredicate participle (with ἔσται: periphrastic)→ durative present (continuous covering)συγκαλύπτω: 'cover completely / envelop' (σύν + καλύπτω); the participle describes the overhang as enveloping the sides of the tabernacle; the compound σύν intensifies the simple καλύπτω.
ἐπὶoverpreposition + accusative (location: 'over the sides')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + accusative, 'over / onto'; the overhang lies over the sides.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with πλάγια)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλάγιαsidesAccusativeaccusative (object of ἐπί: 'the sides')→ object specificationπλάγιος (neut. pl. τὰ πλάγια): 'sides / flanks'; renders צִדֵּי; the lateral walls of the tabernacle over which the cloth drapes.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'the sides of the tabernacle')→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose sides are covered.
ἔνθενon this sideadverb of place (correlative)→ clausal contributionἔνθεν: 'hence / on this side'; in the correlative idiom ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν ('on this side and on that'), rendering מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה, marking the two flanks.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔνθενon that sideadverb of place (correlative)→ clausal contributionἔνθεν: the second member of the correlative 'on this side and on that.'
ἵναthat / so thatconjunction (introducing purpose clause)→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: 'in order that'; introduces the purpose clause stating the function of the overhang.
καλύπτῃit may coverPres Act Subj 3 Sg · καλύπτωverb of purpose clause (subjunctive after ἵνα)→ durative present subjunctive (continuous protective covering)καλύπτω: 'cover / conceal / protect'; renders כָּסָה; the present subjunctive expresses the ongoing protective purpose — the goats'-hair tent perpetually shelters the linen tabernacle.
14

καὶ ποιήσεις κατακάλυμμα τῇ σκηνῇ δέρματα κριῶν ἠρυθροδανωμένα καὶ ἐπικαλύμματα δέρματα ὑακίνθινα ἐπάνωθεν

And you shall make a covering for the tabernacle, skins of rams dyed red, and over-coverings of blue skins above.

Conclusion of unit B (the outermost protective skins)καὶ ποιήσεις κατακάλυμμα
The final, outermost layer: over the goats'-hair tent go a covering of reddened rams' skins and an over-covering of blue (or dolphin/leather) skins. The dense compound nouns κατακάλυμμα / ἐπικαλύμματα and the participle ἠρυθροδανωμένα (a technical dyeing-term) complete the four-layer structure: linen, goats'-hair, red skins, blue skins — from the holiest fabric within to the weatherproof leather without.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; governs κατακάλυμμα ('a covering').
κατακάλυμμαa coveringAccusativedirect object→ object specificationκατακάλυμμα: 'covering / cover-cloth' (from κατακαλύπτω, 'cover down'); renders מִכְסֶה; the protective covering laid over the goats'-hair tent.
τῇfor theDativearticle (with σκηνῇ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῇtabernacleDativedative of advantage ('for the tabernacle')→ sphere or referenceσκηνή: dative of advantage; the covering is made for the tabernacle's protection.
δέρματαskinsAccusativeaccusative in apposition (defining κατακάλυμμα)→ object specificationδέρμα: 'skin / hide'; renders עֹרֹת; the rams' skins of which the covering is made; in apposition to κατακάλυμμα.
κριῶνof ramsGenitivegenitive (possessive/material: 'of rams')→ relational specificationκριός: 'ram'; renders אֵיל; the skins are specifically rams' skins, dyed red — δέρματα κριῶν ἠρυθροδανωμένα translates עֹרֹת אֵילִם מְאָדָּמִים.
ἠρυθροδανωμέναdyed red / reddenedPerf Pass Ptcp Acc Pl Neut · ἐρυθροδανόωattributive participle (modifying δέρματα: 'reddened skins')→ resultative perfect (the finished red-dyed state)ἐρυθροδανόω: 'dye red with madder' (from ἐρυθρόδανον, 'madder-root'); the perfect passive participle is a precise technical calque rendering מְאָדָּמִים ('reddened'); a rare compound chosen to name the specific madder-red dyeing process applied to the rams' skins.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπικαλύμματαover-coveringsAccusativedirect object (second covering, implied with ποιήσεις)→ object specificationἐπικάλυμμα: 'covering laid over / upper covering' (from ἐπικαλύπτω); renders מִכְסֶה; the topmost layer, laid over the rams' skins; the prefix ἐπι- ('over/upon') marks it as the outermost.
δέρματαskinsAccusativeaccusative in apposition (defining ἐπικαλύμματα)→ object specificationδέρμα: the skins of the outer covering, in apposition to ἐπικαλύμματα.
ὑακίνθιναblueAccusativeattributive adjective (color of the skins)→ object specificationὑακίνθινος: 'blue / hyacinth-colored'; renders תְּחָשִׁים, a Hebrew word of uncertain meaning ('dolphin/dugong/badger skins' in various traditions); the LXX interprets it as blue-dyed skins (δέρματα ὑακίνθινα), giving the outermost layer the sacred blue color.
ἐπάνωθενabove / on topadverb of place ('from above / on top')→ clausal contributionἐπάνωθεν: 'from above / on top'; renders מִלְמָעְלָה; specifies that the blue skins form the very topmost, outermost layer of the four-fold covering.
15

καὶ ποιήσεις στύλους τῇ σκηνῇ ἐκ ξύλων ἀσήπτων

And you shall make uprights for the tabernacle of incorruptible wood.

New sub-unit C (the wooden frame of the tabernacle)καὶ ποιήσεις στύλους
Transition from the fabric coverings to the rigid frame: the uprights (στύλους) of acacia ('incorruptible') wood that support the whole. The LXX's στῦλος ('pillar/upright') renders the Hebrew קֶרֶשׁ ('board/frame'), assimilating the upright frames to columns. The phrase ξύλα ἄσηπτα ('incorruptible wood') is the LXX's standard rendering of shittim (acacia).
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; opens the section on the wooden frame.
στύλουςuprights / pillarsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationστῦλος: 'pillar / column / upright'; the LXX uses στῦλος to render Hebrew קֶרֶשׁ ('board / frame'), assimilating the standing frames of the tabernacle to columns; the same word renders עַמּוּד ('pillar') elsewhere, hence the LXX's blurring of frames and pillars in this account.
τῇfor theDativearticle (with σκηνῇ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῇtabernacleDativedative of advantage ('for the tabernacle')→ sphere or referenceσκηνή: dative of advantage; the uprights are made for the tabernacle's frame.
ἐκofpreposition + genitive (material)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive of material, 'made of.'
ξύλωνwoodGenitivegenitive of material (object of ἐκ)→ relational specificationξύλον: 'wood / timber'; renders עֵץ; here the acacia timber of the frames.
ἀσήπτωνincorruptible / acaciaGenitiveattributive adjective (modifying ξύλων)→ relational specificationἄσηπτος: 'not liable to rot / incorruptible' (ἀ- privative + σήπω, 'to rot'); ξύλα ἄσηπτα ('incorruptible wood') is the LXX's standard rendering of עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים ('acacia wood'); the rot-resistant acacia is fittingly named 'incorruptible' for the dwelling of God.
16

δέκα πήχεων ποιήσεις τὸν στῦλον τὸν ἕνα καὶ πήχεος ἑνὸς καὶ ἡμίσους τὸ πλάτος τοῦ στύλου τοῦ ἑνός

Ten cubits you shall make the one upright, and a cubit and a half the breadth of the one upright.

Specification (dimensions of the uprights)δέκα πήχεων ποιήσεις τὸν στῦλον
The dimensions of each frame: ten cubits high, one-and-a-half wide. The fronted measure δέκα πήχεων and the distributive τὸν στῦλον τὸν ἕνα ('the one upright') mirror the curtain-dimension formula of vv. 2 and 8, applying the same per-unit specification to the woodwork.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal (height in cubits, fronted)→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; the height of each upright in cubits (ca. 4.5 m); renders עֶשֶׂר.
πήχεωνcubitsGenitivegenitive of measure (with δέκα)→ relational specificationπῆχυς: see v. 2; the unit of the upright's height.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here specifies the dimensions of each upright.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with στῦλον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στῦλονuprightAccusativedirect object (distributive: 'the one upright')→ object specificationστῦλος: see v. 15; the distributive τὸν στῦλον τὸν ἕνα ('each single upright') specifies the per-frame dimension.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with ἕνα)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἕναoneAccusativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ measure or countεἷς: 'one'; the distributive 'one' marking each individual upright.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (joining height and breadth)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πήχεοςof a cubitGenitivegenitive of measure (breadth)→ relational specificationπῆχυς (gen. sg. πήχεος): the breadth is 'a cubit and a half'; the genitive of measure governs the dimension.
ἑνὸςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (with πήχεος)→ relational specificationεἷς: 'one'; one cubit, plus the half (ἡμίσους), gives the breadth.
καὶandadditive conjunction (measurement compound)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡμίσουςa halfGenitivegenitive of measure ('and a half')→ relational specificationἥμισυς (gen. ἡμίσους): 'half'; renders חֵצִי; πήχεος ἑνὸς καὶ ἡμίσους = 'one cubit and a half' (ca. 67 cm), the breadth of each frame.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with πλάτος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλάτοςbreadth / widthNominativenominative (subject/predicate of the verbless breadth-clause)→ participant prominenceπλάτος: 'breadth / width'; renders רֹחַב; synonym of εὖρος (used of the curtains); the width of each upright.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with στύλου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλουuprightGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'the breadth of the upright')→ relational specificationστῦλος: the upright whose breadth is specified.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἑνός)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνόςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (distributive)→ relational specificationεἷς: the distributive 'one' marking each single upright; renders הָאֶחָד.
17

δύο ἀγκωνίσκους τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ ἀντιπίπτοντας ἕτερον τῷ ἑτέρῳ οὕτως ποιήσεις πᾶσι τοῖς στύλοις τῆς σκηνῆς

Two tenons for the one upright, set opposite each one to the other; so you shall do for all the uprights of the tabernacle.

Specification (the tenons of the uprights)δύο ἀγκωνίσκους τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ
Each upright has two tenons (ἀγκωνίσκοι, 'little elbows') projecting at its foot to fit into the sockets. The participle ἀντιπίπτοντας ('set opposite') reuses the language of v. 5 for the loops, marking exact mutual correspondence. The mirror-formula οὕτως ποιήσεις extends the design to all the frames.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (modifying ἀγκωνίσκους)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; two tenons per upright, to seat into the two sockets below (v. 19); renders שְׁתֵּי.
ἀγκωνίσκουςtenons / little elbowsAccusativedirect object (implied with ποιήσεις)→ object specificationἀγκωνίσκος: 'little elbow / tenon / projection' (diminutive of ἀγκών, 'elbow'); renders יָדוֹת ('hands / tenons'); the projecting pegs at the foot of each frame that fit into the silver sockets; a rare and vivid technical term.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive: 'for the one upright')→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: dative of advantage; each single upright receives two tenons.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνὶ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one' marking each individual upright.
ἀντιπίπτονταςset oppositePres Act Ptcp Acc Pl Masc · ἀντιπίπτωattributive participle (modifying ἀγκωνίσκους)→ durative present (continuous positional correspondence)ἀντιπίπτω: see v. 5; the participle describes the two tenons as 'falling opposite' one another, exactly aligned to seat into the paired sockets.
ἕτερονoneAccusativedistributive accusative ('the one to the other')→ object specificationἕτερος: the distributive ἕτερον τῷ ἑτέρῳ ('the one to the other'), marking the two tenons as a matched pair.
τῷto theDativearticle (with ἑτέρῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑτέρῳto the otherDativedative (the corresponding tenon)→ sphere or referenceἕτερος: dative of the partner tenon; the pair are mirror-images of one another.
οὕτωςso / thusadverb of manner (mirror-formula)→ adverbial qualificationοὕτως: in the formula οὕτως ποιήσεις ('so you shall do', cf. v. 4), extending the design to all the uprights.
ποιήσειςyou shall doFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future, mirror-clause)→ directive futureποιέω: the generalizing command applying the tenon-design to every frame.
πᾶσιfor allDativeattributive adjective (with στύλοις: 'all the uprights')→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: 'all'; the design applies to all the frames without exception.
τοῖςtheDativearticle (with στύλοις)→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλοιςuprightsDativedative of advantage/reference (all the frames)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: dative plural; the whole set of uprights.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'the uprights of the tabernacle')→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose frames these are.
18

καὶ ποιήσεις στύλους τῇ σκηνῇ εἴκοσι στύλους ἐκ τοῦ κλίτους τοῦ πρὸς βορρᾶν

And you shall make uprights for the tabernacle, twenty uprights on the side toward the north.

Specification (the north-side uprights)καὶ ποιήσεις στύλους τῇ σκηνῇ
Begins the count of uprights by side: twenty on the north. The directional κλίτος … πρὸς βορρᾶν ('side toward the north') uses the technical κλίτος ('flank/side') that recurs through this section (vv. 20, 22, 27) to orient the rectangular frame on the compass.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here the north-side uprights.
στύλουςuprightsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationστῦλος: see v. 15; the frames for the north wall.
τῇfor theDativearticle (with σκηνῇ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῇtabernacleDativedative of advantage→ sphere or referenceσκηνή: dative of advantage; the uprights for the tabernacle's frame.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (modifying στύλους)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the number of uprights on the north side; renders עֶשְׂרִים.
στύλουςuprightsAccusativedirect object (resumptive, with the number)→ object specificationστῦλος: the twenty uprights restated with their count.
ἐκonpreposition + genitive (location: 'on the side')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational, 'on / from'; ἐκ τοῦ κλίτους = 'on the side.'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with κλίτους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλίτουςside / flankGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ)→ relational specificationκλίτος: 'side / flank / quarter'; renders פֵּאָה / צֶלַע; the technical term for a side of the rectangular tabernacle; recurs at vv. 20, 22, 27.
τοῦthe oneGenitivearticle (with the prepositional phrase πρὸς βορρᾶν)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtowardpreposition + accusative (direction: 'toward the north')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + accusative of direction, 'toward'; the side faces north.
βορρᾶνnorthAccusativeaccusative (object of πρός: 'the north')→ object specificationβορρᾶς: 'the north / north-wind'; renders צָפוֹן; the compass-orientation of this side of the tabernacle.
19

καὶ τεσσαράκοντα βάσεις ἀργυρᾶς ποιήσεις τοῖς εἴκοσι στύλοις δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ εἰς ἀμφότερα τὰ μέρη αὐτοῦ καὶ δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ εἰς ἀμφότερα τὰ μέρη αὐτοῦ

And forty silver sockets you shall make for the twenty uprights, two sockets for the one upright on both its sides, and two sockets for the one upright on both its sides.

Specification (the silver sockets of the north uprights)καὶ τεσσαράκοντα βάσεις ἀργυρᾶς
The forty silver sockets (βάσεις ἀργυρᾶς) — two per upright — form the foundation into which the tenons of v. 17 are set. The doubled distributive clause (δύο βάσεις … δύο βάσεις) stresses the exact pairing: each frame stands on two sockets, one under each tenon.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεσσαράκονταfortyindeclinable cardinal (modifying βάσεις)→ measure or countτεσσαράκοντα: 'forty'; indeclinable; two sockets for each of the twenty uprights; renders אַרְבָּעִים.
βάσειςsockets / basesAccusativedirect object→ object specificationβάσις: 'base / socket / foot' (from βαίνω, 'go/step'); renders אֶדֶן ('socket / pedestal'); the silver block into which each tenon is seated; literally a 'footing.'
ἀργυρᾶςsilverAccusativeattributive adjective (material of the sockets)→ object specificationἀργυροῦς: 'of silver'; renders כֶּסֶף; the sockets are silver (from the redemption-money, cf. 38:25–27), a foundation of redemption-metal beneath the gold-clad frames.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here governs the sockets.
τοῖςfor theDativearticle (with στύλοις)→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (modifying στύλοις)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: the twenty uprights of the north side.
στύλοιςuprightsDativedative of advantage ('for the twenty uprights')→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: dative plural; the twenty frames receiving the forty sockets.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (modifying βάσεις)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; two sockets per frame, one under each tenon.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (distributive: 'two sockets per upright')→ object specificationβάσις: the two sockets allotted to each frame.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: each single upright.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνὶ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one,' each single frame.
εἰςon / forpreposition + accusative (distribution: 'on both sides')→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: + accusative, distributive, 'on / for both its sides.'
ἀμφότεραbothAccusativeattributive adjective (with μέρη: 'both sides')→ object specificationἀμφότεροι: 'both'; the two sockets are placed on both sides/ends of the frame's foot, securing it evenly.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with μέρη)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέρηsides / partsAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς: 'both its sides')→ object specificationμέρος: 'side / part'; the two ends of the frame's base, each set on a socket.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession (of the upright)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its'; the two sides belong to the single frame.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (restating the distributive for the next frame)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (modifying βάσεις, restated)→ measure or countδύο: the distributive 'two' restated for the following frame — a Hebraizing repetition emphasizing that the pattern holds for every upright.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (distributive, restated)→ object specificationβάσις: the two sockets of the next frame.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: each single frame in turn.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνὶ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one.'
εἰςonpreposition + accusative (distribution)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: 'on both its sides,' as above.
ἀμφότεραbothAccusativeattributive adjective (with μέρη)→ object specificationἀμφότεροι: 'both,' as above.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with μέρη)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέρηsidesAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationμέρος: the two ends of the frame's base.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its'; of the frame.
20

καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ δεύτερον τὸ πρὸς νότον εἴκοσι στύλους

And the second side, the one toward the south, twenty uprights.

Specification (the south-side uprights)καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ δεύτερον
A terse, verbless clause (the verb ποιήσεις is gapped from v. 18) extending the count to the south wall: another twenty uprights. The double article τὸ κλίτος τὸ δεύτερον τὸ πρὸς νότον is a characteristic LXX nominal stacking, rendering the Hebrew construct chain woodenly.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with κλίτος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλίτοςside / flankAccusativeaccusative (object of gapped ποιήσεις: 'the second side')→ object specificationκλίτος: see v. 18; the second (south) flank of the tabernacle.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with δεύτερον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεύτερονsecondAccusativeattributive ordinal (modifying κλίτος)→ object specificationδεύτερος: 'second'; distinguishes the south side from the north (v. 18); renders הַשֵּׁנִית.
τὸthe oneAccusativearticle (substantizing πρὸς νότον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtowardpreposition + accusative (direction: 'toward the south')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + accusative of direction, 'toward'; the side faces south.
νότονsouthAccusativeaccusative (object of πρός: 'the south')→ object specificationνότος: 'the south / south-wind'; renders נֶגֶב / תֵּימָן; the compass-orientation of the second side.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (modifying στύλους)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the same number of uprights as the north side.
στύλουςuprightsAccusativeaccusative (object of gapped ποιήσεις)→ object specificationστῦλος: the twenty frames of the south wall, matching the north.
21

καὶ τεσσαράκοντα βάσεις αὐτῶν ἀργυρᾶς δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ εἰς ἀμφότερα τὰ μέρη αὐτοῦ καὶ δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ εἰς ἀμφότερα τὰ μέρη αὐτοῦ

And their forty silver sockets, two sockets for the one upright on both its sides, and two sockets for the one upright on both its sides.

Specification (the silver sockets of the south uprights)καὶ τεσσαράκοντα βάσεις αὐτῶν
Repeats v. 19 verbatim for the south side: forty silver sockets, two per upright. The exact verbal repetition (a Hebraizing feature of the construction account) underscores the symmetry of the two long walls; the verb ποιήσεις is gapped, governed from v. 19/20.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεσσαράκονταfortyindeclinable cardinal (modifying βάσεις)→ measure or countτεσσαράκοντα: 'forty'; the forty sockets of the south side, matching the north (v. 19).
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (object of gapped ποιήσεις)→ object specificationβάσις: see v. 19; the silver sockets of the south frames.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession (of the south uprights)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their'; the sockets belonging to the twenty south uprights.
ἀργυρᾶςsilverAccusativeattributive adjective (material)→ object specificationἀργυροῦς: see v. 19; the sockets are silver.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (modifying βάσεις)→ measure or countδύο: two sockets per frame.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (distributive)→ object specificationβάσις: the two sockets of each frame.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: each single frame.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνὶ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one.'
εἰςonpreposition + accusative (distribution)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: 'on both its sides.'
ἀμφότεραbothAccusativeattributive adjective (with μέρη)→ object specificationἀμφότεροι: 'both' sides of the frame's foot.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with μέρη)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέρηsidesAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationμέρος: the two ends of the frame's base.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its'; of the frame.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (restating distributive)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (restated)→ measure or countδύο: the distributive 'two' restated for the next frame.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (distributive, restated)→ object specificationβάσις: the two sockets of the next frame.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: each single frame.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνὶ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one.'
εἰςonpreposition + accusative (distribution)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: 'on both its sides.'
ἀμφότεραbothAccusativeattributive adjective (with μέρη)→ object specificationἀμφότεροι: 'both.'
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with μέρη)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέρηsidesAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationμέρος: the two ends of the frame's base.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its'; of the frame.
22

καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω τῆς σκηνῆς κατὰ τὸ μέρος τὸ πρὸς θάλασσαν ποιήσεις ἓξ στύλους

And at the rear of the tabernacle, on the side toward the sea, you shall make six uprights.

Specification (the rear/west uprights)καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω τῆς σκηνῆς
Turns to the rear (west) wall: six uprights. The orientation 'toward the sea' (πρὸς θάλασσαν) is a Hebraism — in Israel's geography the Mediterranean lies west, so יָם ('sea') means 'west,' which the LXX renders literally as θάλασσα.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκatpreposition + genitive (location: 'at the rear')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational, 'at / from'; ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω = 'at the rear parts.'
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (substantizing ὀπίσω)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀπίσωrear / back partsGenitiveadverb substantivized (object of ἐκ: 'the rear')→ relational specificationὀπίσω: 'behind / rear'; here substantized with the article (τὰ ὀπίσω, 'the rear parts'); renders אֲחֹרַיִם; the west end of the tabernacle, opposite the entrance.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive: 'the rear of the tabernacle')→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose rear wall is now specified.
κατὰon / according topreposition + accusative (location: 'on the side')→ spatial or relational framingκατά: + accusative, 'on / at'; locates the frames on the rear side.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with μέρος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέροςside / partAccusativeaccusative (object of κατά)→ object specificationμέρος: 'side / part'; the rear side of the tabernacle.
τὸthe oneAccusativearticle (substantizing πρὸς θάλασσαν)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtowardpreposition + accusative (direction: 'toward the sea')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + accusative of direction, 'toward'; the rear faces the sea (west).
θάλασσανsea / westAccusativeaccusative (object of πρός: 'the sea')→ object specificationθάλασσα: 'sea'; a literal rendering of Hebrew יָם, which by metonymy means 'west' (the Mediterranean lying west of Israel); a geographical Hebraism preserved woodenly in the Greek.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here the rear-wall frames.
ἓξsixindeclinable cardinal (modifying στύλους)→ clausal contributionἕξ: 'six'; the number of frames on the rear wall (with two more at the corners, v. 23); renders שִׁשָּׁה.
στύλουςuprightsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationστῦλος: the six frames of the rear (west) wall.
23

καὶ δύο στύλους ποιήσεις ἐπὶ τῶν γωνιῶν τῆς σκηνῆς ἐκ τῶν ὀπισθίων

And two uprights you shall make at the corners of the tabernacle, at the rear.

Specification (the two corner-uprights)καὶ δύο στύλους ποιήσεις
Two additional corner-uprights (ἐπὶ τῶν γωνιῶν) complete the rear, bringing the back wall to eight frames total (six plus two corners, totaled in v. 25). The corner-frames bind the rear wall to the two side walls, a structural necessity rendered here with γωνία ('corner/angle').
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (modifying στύλους)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; the two corner-uprights; renders שְׁנֵי.
στύλουςuprightsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationστῦλος: the corner-frames at the rear.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; here the corner-frames.
ἐπὶatpreposition + genitive (location: 'at the corners')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive, 'at / on'; locates the two frames at the corners.
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with γωνιῶν)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γωνιῶνcorners / anglesGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationγωνία: 'corner / angle'; renders מְקֻצְעֹת ('corners'); the rear corners where the back wall meets the sides; the word later bears the messianic sense of the 'cornerstone' (κεφαλὴ γωνίας, Ps 117:22 LXX).
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose corners these are.
ἐκatpreposition + genitive (location: 'at the rear')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational, 'at / from'; ἐκ τῶν ὀπισθίων = 'at the rear/hinder parts.'
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with ὀπισθίων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀπισθίωνrear / hinder partsGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ: 'the rear parts')→ relational specificationὀπίσθιος: 'hinder / rear'; the neuter plural τὰ ὀπίσθια ('the rear parts'); a synonym of τὰ ὀπίσω (v. 22), reiterating the west end where the corner-frames stand.
24

καὶ ἔσται ἐξ ἴσου κάτωθεν κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ ἔσονται ἴσοι ἐκ τῶν κεφαλίδων εἰς σύμβλησιν μίαν οὕτως ποιήσεις ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς δυσὶν γωνίαις ἔστωσαν

And it shall be equal below; according to the same they shall be equal from the capitals into one joining; so you shall do for both the two corners — let them be so.

Specification (the alignment of the corner-frames)καὶ ἔσται ἐξ ἴσου κάτωθεν
A notoriously dense and obscure verse describing how the corner-frames are to be fitted: equal from bottom to top (from the capitals, ἐκ τῶν κεφαλίδων) and joined into one (εἰς σύμβλησιν μίαν). The triple-verb cluster (ἔσται … ἔσονται … ἔστωσαν) and the mirror-formula οὕτως ποιήσεις stress exact symmetry; the final imperative ἔστωσαν ('let them be') closes with a note of binding requirement.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιit shall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (predicating equality at the base)→ prescriptive futureεἰμί (fut. ἔσται): the prescriptive future; the corner-frame is to 'be equal' (level/matched) at its base.
ἐξfrom / equallypreposition (in the idiom ἐξ ἴσου: 'equally')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: in the adverbial idiom ἐξ ἴσου ('equally / on an equal footing'), describing the corner-frames as matched.
ἴσουequalGenitivegenitive (in idiom ἐξ ἴσου: 'equally')→ relational specificationἴσος: 'equal / even'; ἐξ ἴσου = 'equally'; the corner-frames are evenly matched from below.
κάτωθενbelow / from beneathadverb of place ('from below')→ clausal contributionκάτωθεν: 'from below / beneath'; renders מִלְּמַטָּה; the frames are equal/aligned from the bottom upward, paired with ἐκ τῶν κεφαλίδων ('from the capitals') at the top.
κατὰaccording topreposition + accusative (idiom: 'according to the same')→ spatial or relational framingκατά: + accusative in the idiom κατὰ τὸ αὐτό ('in the same way / alike'), reinforcing the symmetry.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with αὐτὸ)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτὸsameAccusativeobject of κατά (idiom: 'according to the same')→ participant referenceαὐτός: in κατὰ τὸ αὐτό = 'alike / in the same manner.'
ἔσονταιthey shall beFut Mid Indic 3 Pl · εἰμίcopula (predicating equality of the pair)→ prescriptive futureεἰμί (fut. ἔσονται): the plural shifts to the two corner-frames together; they shall be equal/matched.
ἴσοιequalNominativepredicate adjective (with ἔσονται: 'they shall be equal')→ participant prominenceἴσος: 'equal'; the corner-frames are to be of equal dimension and alignment, top and bottom.
ἐκfrompreposition + genitive (source: 'from the capitals')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive, 'from'; the equality is measured 'from the capitals' (the tops) downward.
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with κεφαλίδων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεφαλίδωνcapitals / headsGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ)→ relational specificationκεφαλίς: 'little head / capital / top' (diminutive of κεφαλή); renders רֹאשׁ ('head/top'); the top-piece of each frame; the same word recurs at vv. 32, 37 for the gilded capitals of the veil- and screen-uprights.
εἰςintopreposition + accusative (goal: 'into one joining')→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: + accusative of goal/result, 'into'; the corner-frames are fitted 'into one joining.'
σύμβλησινjoining / junctureAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationσύμβλησις: 'joining / coupling' (from συμβάλλω, like συμβολή of v. 4); a rare noun; the corner-frames meet 'into one joint,' binding the rear wall to the sides at each corner.
μίανoneAccusativeattributive numeral (modifying σύμβλησιν)→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: 'one'; the two frames join into a single juncture at the corner.
οὕτωςso / thusadverb of manner (mirror-formula)→ adverbial qualificationοὕτως: in the formula οὕτως ποιήσεις, extending the design to both corners.
ποιήσειςyou shall doFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future, mirror-clause)→ directive futureποιέω: the generalizing command applying the corner-design to both corners.
ἀμφοτέραιςfor bothDativeattributive adjective (with γωνίαις: 'both corners')→ sphere or referenceἀμφότεροι: 'both'; the design applies identically to both rear corners.
ταῖςtheDativearticle (with γωνίαις)→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυσὶνtwoDativeattributive numeral (with γωνίαις)→ sphere or referenceδύο (dat. δυσίν): 'two'; the two corners.
γωνίαιςcornersDativedative of reference ('for the two corners')→ sphere or referenceγωνία: see v. 23; the two rear corners receiving the matched frames.
ἔστωσανlet them bePres Act Impv 3 Pl · εἰμίimperative (closing injunction: 'let them be so')→ durative present imperative (binding requirement)εἰμί (impv. ἔστωσαν): 'let them be'; the third-person imperative closes the verse with a note of binding requirement — the corner-frames must conform exactly to this specification.
25

καὶ ἔσονται ὀκτὼ στῦλοι καὶ αἱ βάσεις αὐτῶν ἀργυραῖ δέκα ἕξ δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνὶ εἰς ἀμφότερα τὰ μέρη αὐτοῦ καὶ δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνί

And there shall be eight uprights, and their silver sockets sixteen, two sockets for the one upright on both its sides, and two sockets for the one upright.

Summation (the total rear frames and their sockets)καὶ ἔσονται ὀκτὼ στῦλοι
Totals the rear wall: eight uprights (six of v. 22 plus two corners of v. 23) and sixteen silver sockets (two per frame). The summary closes the upright-and-socket inventory before turning to the bars; the abbreviated final clause (δύο βάσεις τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ἑνί, without the 'both sides' phrase) is a terse cap to the repeated distributive.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσονταιthere shall beFut Mid Indic 3 Pl · εἰμίcopula (existential: 'there shall be eight uprights')→ prescriptive future (summation)εἰμί (fut. ἔσονται): existential future summing the rear frames.
ὀκτὼeightindeclinable cardinal (modifying στῦλοι)→ measure or countὀκτώ: 'eight'; six rear frames (v. 22) plus two corners (v. 23) = eight; renders שְׁמֹנָה.
στῦλοιuprightsNominativesubject (of ἔσονται)→ participant prominenceστῦλος: the eight frames of the rear wall.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with βάσεις)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βάσειςsocketsNominativesubject (of implied ἔσονται: 'their sockets')→ participant prominenceβάσις: see v. 19; the sockets of the eight rear frames.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession (of the eight uprights)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their'; the sockets belonging to the rear frames.
ἀργυραῖsilverNominativepredicate adjective (material)→ participant prominenceἀργυροῦς (fem. pl. ἀργυραῖ): 'of silver'; the rear sockets, like the others, are silver.
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal (with ἕξ: 'sixteen')→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; in the compound δέκα ἕξ ('ten [and] six' = 16) gives the socket-count: two per each of the eight frames.
ἕξsixindeclinable cardinal (with δέκα: 'sixteen')→ clausal contributionἕξ: 'six'; the total sixteen sockets matches eight frames × two; renders שִׁשָּׁה עָשָׂר.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (distributive: 'two sockets')→ measure or countδύο: two sockets per frame.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (distributive)→ object specificationβάσις: the two sockets of each frame.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: each single frame.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνὶ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one.'
εἰςonpreposition + accusative (distribution)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: 'on both its sides.'
ἀμφότεραbothAccusativeattributive adjective (with μέρη)→ object specificationἀμφότεροι: 'both' sides of the frame's foot.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with μέρη)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέρηsidesAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationμέρος: the two ends of the frame's base.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its'; of the frame.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (restating distributive, abbreviated)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (restated)→ measure or countδύο: the distributive 'two' restated, here abbreviated without the 'both sides' phrase.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativeaccusative (distributive, restated)→ object specificationβάσις: the two sockets of the next frame.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳuprightDativedative of advantage (distributive)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: each single frame.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἑνί)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνίoneDativeattributive numeral (distributive, closing the inventory)→ sphere or referenceεἷς: the distributive 'one'; the abbreviated final clause caps the socket-inventory.
26

καὶ ποιήσεις μοχλοὺς ἐκ ξύλων ἀσήπτων πέντε τῷ ἑνὶ στύλῳ ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς μέρους τῆς σκηνῆς

And you shall make bars of incorruptible wood, five for the one set of uprights on the one side of the tabernacle.

New element (the bars binding the frames)καὶ ποιήσεις μοχλοὺς
Introduces the bars (μοχλοί) of acacia that run horizontally across the uprights to lock them together — five per side. The phrase τῷ ἑνὶ στύλῳ here functions collectively ('for the one [set of] uprights / for the one side'), as the parallel ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς μέρους ('on the one side') makes clear.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; introduces the bars.
μοχλοὺςbarsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationμοχλός: 'bar / bolt'; renders בְּרִיחַ; the horizontal cross-bars passing along the uprights to bind them; the same word denotes a gate-bar or bolt (cf. the gates of bronze and bars of iron, Isa 45:2).
ἐκofpreposition + genitive (material)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive of material, 'made of.'
ξύλωνwoodGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationξύλον: see v. 15; the acacia timber of the bars.
ἀσήπτωνincorruptible / acaciaGenitiveattributive adjective (modifying ξύλων)→ relational specificationἄσηπτος: see v. 15; 'incorruptible' acacia wood, as for the uprights.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying μοχλοὺς)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; five bars per side; renders חֲמִשָּׁה.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὶoneDativeattributive numeral (collective: 'the one set')→ sphere or referenceεἷς: 'one'; here collective — 'the one [row/set of] uprights' on a given side.
στύλῳset of uprightsDativedative of advantage (collective singular: 'the one [row of] uprights')→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: the singular here is used collectively for the whole row of frames on one side, bound by the five bars.
ἐκonpreposition + genitive (location: 'on the one side')→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: locational, 'on'; ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς μέρους = 'on the one side.'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with μέρους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὸςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (with μέρους)→ relational specificationεἷς: 'one'; the one side of the tabernacle.
μέρουςsideGenitivegenitive (object of ἐκ: 'on the one side')→ relational specificationμέρος: 'side / part'; the one (north or south) side bound by the five bars.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose side is bound.
27

καὶ πέντε μοχλοὺς τῷ στύλῳ τῷ κλίτει τῆς σκηνῆς τῷ δευτέρῳ καὶ πέντε μοχλοὺς τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ὀπισθίῳ τῷ κλίτει τῆς σκηνῆς τῷ πρὸς θάλασσαν

And five bars for the set of uprights on the second side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the rear set of uprights, on the side of the tabernacle toward the sea.

Specification (the bars of the second and rear sides)καὶ πέντε μοχλοὺς
Extends the five-bar pattern to the second (south) side and the rear (west) side, completing the three-walled binding of the frame. The dense article-stacking (τῷ στύλῳ τῷ ὀπισθίῳ τῷ κλίτει … τῷ πρὸς θάλασσαν) is characteristic of the LXX's wooden rendering of the Hebrew construct chains here.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying μοχλοὺς)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; five bars for the second side, as for the first (v. 26).
μοχλοὺςbarsAccusativeaccusative (object of gapped ποιήσεις)→ object specificationμοχλός: see v. 26; the cross-bars of the second side.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳset of uprightsDativedative of advantage (collective singular)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: collective for the row of frames on the second side.
τῷtheDativearticle (with κλίτει)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλίτειsideDativedative in apposition (defining the side)→ sphere or referenceκλίτος (dat. κλίτει): see v. 18; the second flank of the tabernacle.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose second side is bound.
τῷtheDativearticle (with δευτέρῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρῳsecondDativeattributive ordinal (modifying κλίτει)→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: 'second'; the south side (cf. v. 20).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the rear side)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying μοχλοὺς)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; five bars for the rear (west) side as well.
μοχλοὺςbarsAccusativeaccusative (object of gapped ποιήσεις)→ object specificationμοχλός: the cross-bars of the rear side.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with στύλῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλῳset of uprightsDativedative of advantage (collective singular)→ sphere or referenceστῦλος: collective for the rear row of frames.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ὀπισθίῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀπισθίῳrearDativeattributive adjective (modifying στύλῳ: 'the rear set')→ sphere or referenceὀπίσθιος: 'hinder / rear'; see v. 23; the rear (west) row of frames.
τῷtheDativearticle (with κλίτει)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλίτειsideDativedative in apposition (defining the rear side)→ sphere or referenceκλίτος: the rear flank of the tabernacle.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle whose rear side is bound.
τῷthe oneDativearticle (substantizing πρὸς θάλασσαν)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtowardpreposition + accusative (direction: 'toward the sea')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + accusative of direction; the rear faces the sea (west).
θάλασσανsea / westAccusativeaccusative (object of πρός)→ object specificationθάλασσα: see v. 22; 'the sea' = west, a geographical Hebraism.
28

καὶ ὁ μοχλὸς ὁ μέσος ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν στύλων διικνείσθω ἀπὸ τοῦ ἑνὸς κλίτους εἰς τὸ ἕτερον κλίτος

And the middle bar, in the midst of the uprights, shall pass through from the one side to the other side.

Specification (the central through-bar)καὶ ὁ μοχλὸς ὁ μέσος
Among the five bars, the middle one is singled out: it runs the full length 'in the midst of the uprights' from end to end. The imperative διικνείσθω ('let it pass through') and the διά-compound stress the continuous penetration of the central bar, which structurally unifies the whole row of frames into a single rigid wall.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheNominativearticle (with μοχλὸς)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μοχλὸςbarNominativesubject (of διικνείσθω)→ participant prominenceμοχλός: see v. 26; here the singular, specified as 'the middle bar.'
ὁtheNominativearticle (with μέσος)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέσοςmiddleNominativeattributive adjective (modifying μοχλὸς: 'the middle bar')→ participant prominenceμέσος: 'middle / central'; renders הַתִּיכֹן; the central bar that runs the full length, distinguished from the other four; it is the structural keystone of the wall.
ἀνὰinpreposition (idiom ἀνὰ μέσον: 'in the midst of')→ spatial or relational framingἀνά: in the idiom ἀνὰ μέσον ('in the midst / through the middle of'); see v. 10; the bar runs through the middle of the frames.
μέσονmidstAccusativeobject of ἀνά (idiom: 'in the midst')→ object specificationμέσος: 'midst'; ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν στύλων = 'in the middle of the uprights,' i.e. set midway up the frames and running through them.
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with στύλων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλωνuprightsGenitivegenitive (with ἀνὰ μέσον: 'in the midst of the uprights')→ relational specificationστῦλος: the frames through whose midst the central bar passes.
διικνείσθωlet it pass throughPres Mid Impv 3 Sg · διικνέομαιmain verb (imperative: 'let it reach through')→ durative present imperative (continuous penetration)διικνέομαι: 'go through / reach through / penetrate' (διά + ἱκνέομαι); a rare verb (cf. Heb 4:12, of the word of God 'piercing'); the present imperative directs that the central bar run continuously through the frames from end to end.
ἀπὸfrompreposition + genitive (starting point)→ spatial or relational framingἀπό: + genitive, 'from'; the starting end of the bar's run.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with κλίτους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὸςoneGenitiveattributive numeral (with κλίτους)→ relational specificationεἷς: 'one'; the one end/side from which the bar begins.
κλίτουςsideGenitivegenitive (object of ἀπό: 'from the one side')→ relational specificationκλίτος: see v. 18; here 'side/end' — the bar runs from one end to the other.
εἰςtopreposition + accusative (goal/end-point)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: + accusative, 'to / into'; the far end of the bar's run.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with ἕτερον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἕτερονotherAccusativeattributive adjective (with κλίτος: 'the other side')→ object specificationἕτερος: 'other'; the opposite end/side, the terminus of the bar's run.
κλίτοςsideAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς: 'to the other side')→ object specificationκλίτος: the far end/side reached by the central bar; the through-running bar binds the whole row from end to end.
29

καὶ τοὺς στύλους καταχρυσώσεις χρυσίῳ καὶ τοὺς δακτυλίους ποιήσεις χρυσοῦς εἰς οὓς εἰσάξεις τοὺς μοχλούς καὶ καταχρυσώσεις τοὺς μοχλοὺς χρυσίῳ

And you shall overlay the uprights with gold, and you shall make golden rings, into which you shall insert the bars, and you shall overlay the bars with gold.

Specification (the gilding and the rings)καὶ τοὺς στύλους καταχρυσώσεις
Completes the woodwork by gilding: frames and bars overlaid with gold (καταχρυσώσεις, an intensive κατα-compound), and golden rings (δακτύλιοι) made to receive the bars. The relative clause εἰς οὓς εἰσάξεις ('into which you shall insert') explains the function of the rings — they are the guides through which the bars pass.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with στύλους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλουςuprightsAccusativefronted direct object (of καταχρυσώσεις)→ object specificationστῦλος: the frames, now to be gilded.
καταχρυσώσειςyou shall overlay with goldFut Act Indic 2 Sg · καταχρυσόωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)καταχρυσόω: 'overlay / plate with gold' (κατά + χρυσόω); renders צִפָּה זָהָב ('overlay with gold'); the κατα- prefix marks thorough covering; the frames are plated, not solid gold.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of material/instrument ('with gold')→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold (as material/coin)'; diminutive in form but used for wrought gold; the dative of means specifies the overlaying material; renders זָהָב.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with δακτυλίους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δακτυλίουςringsAccusativedirect object (of ποιήσεις)→ object specificationδακτύλιος: 'ring' (from δάκτυλος, 'finger'); renders טַבַּעַת; the gold rings fixed to the frames through which the bars are threaded; the same word denotes a signet-ring (cf. Gen 41:42).
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive futureποιέω: the construction-refrain; here governs the rings.
χρυσοῦςgoldenAccusativeattributive adjective (material of the rings)→ object specificationχρυσοῦς: 'of gold'; the rings are solid/cast gold.
εἰςintopreposition + accusative (with relative: 'into which')→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: + accusative, 'into'; with the relative οὕς, 'into which.'
οὓςwhichAccusativerelative pronoun (object of εἰς, antecedent δακτυλίους)→ participant referenceὅς: the relative pronoun; εἰς οὕς ('into which') introduces the function-clause of the rings.
εἰσάξειςyou shall insert / bring inFut Act Indic 2 Sg · εἰσάγωverb of relative clause (directive future)→ directive futureεἰσάγω: 'bring in / lead in / insert' (εἰς + ἄγω); here of threading the bars through the rings; renders הֵבִיא.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with μοχλούς)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μοχλούςbarsAccusativedirect object (of εἰσάξεις)→ object specificationμοχλός: see v. 26; the bars threaded through the gold rings.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταχρυσώσειςyou shall overlay with goldFut Act Indic 2 Sg · καταχρυσόωmain verb (directive future)→ directive futureκαταχρυσόω: see above; the bars too are gold-plated, matching the frames.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with μοχλοὺς)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μοχλοὺςbarsAccusativedirect object (of καταχρυσώσεις)→ object specificationμοχλός: the bars to be gilded.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of material/instrument→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: the gold with which the bars are overlaid.
30

καὶ ἀναστήσεις τὴν σκηνὴν κατὰ τὸ εἶδος τὸ δεδειγμένον σοι ἐν τῷ ὄρει

And you shall set up the tabernacle according to the pattern shown to you on the mountain.

Conclusion of unit C (the erection by the heavenly pattern)καὶ ἀναστήσεις τὴν σκηνὴν
The climactic summary of the frame-section: the whole is to be raised 'according to the pattern shown to you on the mountain.' This is the theological key of the tabernacle account — the earthly sanctuary is a copy of a divine archetype (εἶδος / τύπος) revealed to Moses on Sinai; cited at Acts 7:44 and Heb 8:5 as proof that the tabernacle is a 'shadow of heavenly things.'
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναστήσειςyou shall set up / raiseFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ἀνίστημιmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ἀνίστημι: 'raise up / erect / set up' (ἀνά + ἵστημι); renders הֵקִים ('erect / set up'); the verb of raising the assembled tabernacle; the same root underlies resurrection-language (ἀνάστασις) elsewhere.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with σκηνὴν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνὴνtabernacleAccusativedirect object→ object specificationσκηνή: the whole assembled tabernacle, now to be erected.
κατὰaccording topreposition + accusative (norm/standard: 'according to')→ spatial or relational framingκατά: + accusative, 'according to / in conformity with'; introduces the divine pattern as the binding standard.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with εἶδος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἶδοςform / patternAccusativeaccusative (object of κατά: 'the pattern')→ object specificationεἶδος: 'form / appearance / pattern'; here renders תַּבְנִית ('model / pattern'); the visible archetype shown to Moses; Heb 8:5 uses τύπος for the same, citing this verse to argue the tabernacle is a copy of the heavenly sanctuary.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with the participle δεδειγμένον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεδειγμένονshown / displayedPerf Pass Ptcp Acc Sg Neut · δείκνυμιattributive participle (modifying εἶδος: 'the pattern that was shown')→ resultative perfect (the pattern remains as shown)δείκνυμι: 'show / display / reveal'; the perfect passive participle τὸ δεδειγμένον ('that which has been shown') renders אֲשֶׁר הָרְאֵיתָ; the perfect implies the abiding validity of the revealed model; Heb 8:5 has the aorist δειχθέντα in its citation.
σοιto youDativedative of indirect object (recipient of the showing)→ participant reference or interestσύ (dat. σοι): 'to you'; Moses is the one to whom the pattern was shown on Sinai (cf. 25:9, 40).
ἐνonpreposition + dative (location: 'on the mountain')→ spatial or relational framingἐν: + dative, 'on / in'; locates the revelation on Sinai.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ὄρει)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄρειmountainDativedative of place (object of ἐν: 'on the mountain')→ sphere or referenceὄρος: 'mountain'; renders הָר; Mount Sinai, where Moses received the pattern; the phrase ἐν τῷ ὄρει is taken up verbatim at Heb 8:5 (ἐν τῷ ὄρει).
31

καὶ ποιήσεις καταπέτασμα ἐξ ὑακίνθου καὶ πορφύρας καὶ κοκκίνου κεκλωσμένου καὶ βύσσου νενησμένης ἔργον ὑφαντὸν ποιήσεις αὐτὸ χερουβιμ

And you shall make a veil of blue and purple and twined scarlet and spun fine linen; as woven work you shall make it, with cherubim.

New sub-unit D (the veil of the sanctuary)καὶ ποιήσεις καταπέτασμα
Opens the theologically central unit: the veil (καταπέτασμα), made of the same sacred materials as the inner curtains and likewise woven with cherubim. It is the curtain that will divide the Holy Place from the Holy of Holies (v. 33), the very veil the Synoptics report torn at Jesus' death (Matt 27:51 par.) and whose typology Hebrews develops (Heb 9:3; 10:20). The inclusio ποιήσεις … ποιήσεις αὐτό mirrors vv. 1, 7.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; opens the veil-section.
καταπέτασμαveilAccusativedirect object→ object specificationκαταπέτασμα: 'veil / curtain (that hangs down)' (from καταπετάννυμι, 'spread down'); renders פָּרֹכֶת; the inner veil screening the Holy of Holies; in the NT the torn veil of Matt 27:51 / Mark 15:38 / Luke 23:45, named δεύτερον καταπέτασμα at Heb 9:3 and read christologically at Heb 10:20.
ἐξofpreposition + genitive (material)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive of material; introduces the fabric-list of the veil.
ὑακίνθουblueGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationὑάκινθος: see v. 1; the blue of the sacred color-triad, here for the veil.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορφύραςpurpleGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationπορφύρα: see v. 1; the purple of the triad.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κοκκίνουscarletGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationκόκκινος: see v. 1; the scarlet of the triad, here qualified by κεκλωσμένου.
κεκλωσμένουtwinedPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Sg Neut · κλώθωattributive participle (modifying κοκκίνου)→ resultative perfect (twined state)κλώθω: see v. 1; the scarlet is of twined thread.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βύσσουfine linenGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationβύσσος: see v. 1; the fine linen, here qualified by νενησμένης ('spun').
νενησμένηςspunPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Sg Fem · νήθωattributive participle (modifying βύσσου)→ resultative perfect (the spun state)νήθω: 'spin'; the perfect passive participle νενησμένης ('having been spun') here qualifies the linen; a variant of the more usual κεκλωσμένης ('twined'), perhaps for stylistic variation; renders שָׁזַר / טָוָה.
ἔργονworkAccusativeaccusative of manner/result (in apposition: 'as work')→ object specificationἔργον: 'work / product'; renders מַעֲשֵׂה; ἔργον ὑφαντόν ('woven work') specifies the technique, parallel to ἐργασίᾳ ὑφάντου of v. 1.
ὑφαντὸνwovenAccusativeattributive adjective (modifying ἔργον: 'woven work')→ object specificationὑφαντός: 'woven' (verbal adjective from ὑφαίνω, 'weave'); the veil is woven work (like the inner curtains, v. 1), distinguished from the embroiderer's work of the door-screen (v. 36).
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (resumptive: closes the inclusio)→ directive futureποιέω: the second ποιήσεις forms an inclusio (cf. vv. 1, 7), resuming the command after the materials-list.
αὐτὸitAccusativedirect object (resumptive pronoun = καταπέτασμα)→ participant referenceαὐτός: neuter accusative resuming καταπέτασμα; the resumptive pronoun is a Hebraizing feature.
χερουβιμcherubimindeclinable noun (accusative of content: the woven figures)→ clausal contributionχερουβιμ: see v. 1; the cherub-figures woven into the veil, as into the inner curtains, guarding the divine presence behind it; cf. the cherubim over the mercy-seat (25:18–20) directly behind this veil.
32

καὶ ἐπιθήσεις αὐτὸ ἐπὶ τεσσάρων στύλων ἀσήπτων κεχρυσωμένων χρυσίῳ καὶ αἱ κεφαλίδες αὐτῶν χρυσαῖ καὶ αἱ βάσεις αὐτῶν τέσσαρες ἀργυραῖ

And you shall set it upon four uprights of incorruptible wood overlaid with gold, and their capitals shall be of gold, and their four sockets of silver.

Specification (the veil's four pillars)καὶ ἐπιθήσεις αὐτὸ
The veil hangs on four gold-plated acacia pillars with gold capitals and four silver sockets. The mixed metals (gold above, silver below) match the gradation of the whole structure; four pillars (against the screen's five, v. 37) and silver sockets (against the screen's bronze) mark the veil's higher gradation of holiness.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιθήσειςyou shall set / place uponFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ἐπιτίθημιmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ἐπιτίθημι: 'place upon / set on' (ἐπί + τίθημι); renders נָתַן (here of hanging the veil on the pillars); the veil is mounted on the four uprights.
αὐτὸitAccusativedirect object (= καταπέτασμα)→ participant referenceαὐτός: neuter accusative resuming καταπέτασμα (v. 31).
ἐπὶuponpreposition + genitive (location: 'upon four pillars')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive, 'upon'; the veil rests on the four pillars.
τεσσάρωνfourGenitiveattributive cardinal (modifying στύλων)→ relational specificationτέσσαρες: 'four'; the four pillars of the veil (cf. the five of the screen, v. 37); renders אַרְבָּעָה.
στύλωνuprights / pillarsGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationστῦλος: here genuinely 'pillars' (free-standing columns), supporting the veil; the same word as the wall-frames (v. 15).
ἀσήπτωνincorruptible / acaciaGenitiveattributive adjective (modifying στύλων)→ relational specificationἄσηπτος: see v. 15; acacia wood for the veil-pillars.
κεχρυσωμένωνoverlaid with goldPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Pl Masc · χρυσόωattributive participle (modifying στύλων)→ resultative perfect (the finished gilded state)χρυσόω: 'gild / overlay with gold'; the perfect passive participle κεχρυσωμένων ('having been gilded') describes the pillars as already gold-plated; the simple verb here beside the κατα-compound of v. 29.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of material/instrument→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: the gold with which the pillars are overlaid.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with κεφαλίδες)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεφαλίδεςcapitalsNominativesubject (of implied copula: 'their capitals [shall be]')→ participant prominenceκεφαλίς: see v. 24; here the gold capitals (tops) of the veil-pillars; renders וָוֵיהֶם / רָאשֵׁיהֶם.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession (of the pillars)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their'; the capitals of the four pillars.
χρυσαῖof goldNominativepredicate adjective (material of the capitals)→ participant prominenceχρυσοῦς (fem. pl. χρυσαῖ): 'of gold'; the capitals are gold, matching the gilded pillars.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with βάσεις)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βάσειςsocketsNominativesubject (of implied copula: 'their sockets [shall be]')→ participant prominenceβάσις: see v. 19; the silver sockets of the veil-pillars.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their'; the sockets of the four pillars.
τέσσαρεςfourNominativeattributive cardinal (modifying βάσεις)→ measure or countτέσσαρες: 'four'; one socket per pillar (unlike the wall-frames' two), since these are free-standing columns.
ἀργυραῖof silverNominativepredicate adjective (material of the sockets)→ participant prominenceἀργυροῦς (fem. pl. ἀργυραῖ): 'of silver'; the veil's sockets are silver (against the bronze sockets of the screen, v. 37), marking the higher gradation of holiness at the veil.
33

καὶ θήσεις τὸ καταπέτασμα ἐπὶ τοὺς στύλους καὶ εἰσοίσεις ἐκεῖ ἐσώτερον τοῦ καταπετάσματος τὴν κιβωτὸν τοῦ μαρτυρίου καὶ διοριεῖ τὸ καταπέτασμα ὑμῖν ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ἁγίου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ἁγίου τῶν ἁγίων

And you shall set the veil upon the pillars, and you shall bring in there, within the veil, the ark of the testimony; and the veil shall divide for you between the Holy Place and between the Holy of Holies.

Theological centre (the veil's dividing function)καὶ θήσεις τὸ καταπέτασμα
The pivotal verse of the chapter: the veil, hung on its pillars, screens the ark of the testimony within and 'divides between the Holy Place and the Holy of Holies.' The double ἀνὰ μέσον ('between … and between …') is a Hebraism rendering בֵּין … וּבֵין. This is the veil torn at the crucifixion (Matt 27:51 par.), whose dividing function Hebrews reads as abolished in Christ (Heb 9:8; 10:19–20). The plural ὑμῖν ('for you [pl.]') momentarily widens the address from Moses to the whole people.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θήσειςyou shall set / placeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · τίθημιmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)τίθημι: 'place / set'; renders נָתַן; here of hanging the veil on its pillars; the unprefixed verb beside ἐπιθήσεις (v. 32) and εἰσοίσεις (below).
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with καταπέτασμα)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπέτασμαveilAccusativedirect object (of θήσεις)→ object specificationκαταπέτασμα: see v. 31; the veil now mounted on its pillars.
ἐπὶuponpreposition + accusative (location: 'upon the pillars')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + accusative, 'upon'; the veil is set on the pillars.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with στύλους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλουςpillarsAccusativeaccusative (object of ἐπί)→ object specificationστῦλος: the four veil-pillars of v. 32.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσοίσειςyou shall bring inFut Act Indic 2 Sg · εἰσφέρωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)εἰσφέρω: 'bring in / carry in' (εἰς + φέρω); renders הֵבִיא; the ark is to be carried in behind the veil; the future stem εἰσοίσεις is from the suppletive root οἴσω.
ἐκεῖthereadverb of place ('there', resumptive/pleonastic)→ adverbial qualificationἐκεῖ: 'there'; a resumptive locative adverb (pleonastic after the prepositional phrase), a Hebraizing trait rendering the resumptive שָׁם.
ἐσώτερονwithin / insideimproper preposition + genitive ('within the veil')→ spatial or relational framingἐσώτερος: 'inner / inside'; the comparative adverb ἐσώτερον + genitive ('within / inside of') renders מִבֵּית לְ ('inside'); the ark goes within the veil; cf. Heb 6:19 τὸ ἐσώτερον τοῦ καταπετάσματος, echoing this very phrase.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with καταπετάσματος)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπετάσματοςveilGenitivegenitive (with ἐσώτερον: 'within the veil')→ relational specificationκαταπέτασμα: the veil within which the ark is placed; the space behind it is the Holy of Holies.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with κιβωτὸν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κιβωτὸνark / chestAccusativedirect object (of εἰσοίσεις)→ object specificationκιβωτός: 'box / chest / ark'; renders אֲרוֹן; the ark of the covenant/testimony (cf. 25:10–22); the same word denotes Noah's ark (Gen 6:14 LXX).
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with μαρτυρίου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μαρτυρίουtestimonyGenitivegenitive (epexegetic: 'the ark of the testimony')→ relational specificationμαρτύριον: 'testimony / witness'; renders עֵדוּת ('testimony', i.e. the tablets of the covenant); the ark holds the testimony, hence ἡ κιβωτὸς τοῦ μαρτυρίου, the standard LXX designation.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διοριεῖshall divide / separateFut Act Indic 3 Sg · διορίζωmain verb (the veil's dividing function)→ predictive/prescriptive future (the veil's abiding function)διορίζω: 'mark off / divide / separate' (διά + ὁρίζω, 'set a boundary'); renders הִבְדִּיל; the veil 'divides' the two sacred spaces; the boundary-language (ὁρίζω, 'set a border') makes the veil a fixed sacred frontier — the theological point Hebrews develops (Heb 9:8).
τὸtheNominativearticle (with καταπέτασμα)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπέτασμαveilNominativesubject (of διοριεῖ)→ participant prominenceκαταπέτασμα: the veil as the dividing agent between the two holy spaces.
ὑμῖνfor youDativedative of advantage (2nd person plural: 'for you [all]')→ participant reference or interestσύ (dat. pl. ὑμῖν): 'for you (plural)'; the address momentarily widens from Moses (singular throughout the chapter) to the whole people, for whom the veil establishes the boundary of access; renders לָכֶם.
ἀνὰbetweenpreposition (idiom ἀνὰ μέσον: 'between')→ spatial or relational framingἀνά: in the idiom ἀνὰ μέσον ('between / in the midst of'), here rendering the first בֵּין of the Hebrew בֵּין … וּבֵין construction.
μέσονmidstAccusativeobject of ἀνά (idiom: 'between')→ object specificationμέσος: 'midst'; ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ἁγίου = 'between the Holy Place [and …].'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἁγίου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίουHoly PlaceGenitivegenitive (with ἀνὰ μέσον: 'between the Holy Place')→ relational specificationἅγιος: 'holy'; the substantized τὸ ἅγιον ('the Holy Place') is the outer sanctuary; renders הַקֹּדֶשׁ; distinguished from τὸ ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων ('the Holy of Holies') below.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (second member of ἀνὰ μέσον … ἀνὰ μέσον)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνὰbetweenpreposition (idiom ἀνὰ μέσον, second occurrence)→ spatial or relational framingἀνά: the repeated ἀνὰ μέσον renders the second וּבֵין of the Hebrew; the doubled construction is a Hebraism (cf. Gen 1:4 ἀνὰ μέσον … καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον).
μέσονmidstAccusativeobject of ἀνά (idiom: 'between')→ object specificationμέσος: the second ἀνὰ μέσον = 'and between [the Holy of Holies].'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἁγίου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίουholyGenitivegenitive (head of the superlative phrase 'Holy of Holies')→ relational specificationἅγιος: in the phrase τὸ ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων ('the holy of the holies'), a Hebraism (קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים) rendering the Hebrew superlative-by-construct; the innermost sanctuary where the ark stands.
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with ἁγίων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίωνholiesGenitivegenitive (superlative construct: 'of the holies')→ relational specificationἅγιος: the genitive plural τῶν ἁγίων completes the superlative 'Holy of Holies'; the construction renders the Hebrew superlative idiom of the construct chain, denoting the supremely holy inner room.
34

καὶ κατακαλύψεις τῷ καταπετάσματι τὴν κιβωτὸν τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ τῶν ἁγίων

And you shall cover the ark of the testimony with the veil in the Holy of Holies.

Specification (the veil covering the ark)καὶ κατακαλύψεις τῷ καταπετάσματι
Reiterates the veil's screening function: it covers (κατακαλύψεις) the ark of the testimony within the Holy of Holies. The instrumental dative τῷ καταπετάσματι ('with the veil') and the locative ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ τῶν ἁγίων fix the ark's hidden location behind the curtain — the place entered only once a year by the high priest (Lev 16; cf. Heb 9:7).
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατακαλύψειςyou shall coverFut Act Indic 2 Sg · κατακαλύπτωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)κατακαλύπτω: 'cover completely / veil' (κατά + καλύπτω); renders סָכַךְ / כָּסָה; the veil covers/screens the ark from view; the κατα- prefix marks thorough concealment.
τῷwith theDativearticle (with καταπετάσματι)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπετάσματιveilDativedative of instrument ('with the veil')→ sphere or referenceκαταπέτασμα: dative of means; the veil is the instrument by which the ark is screened.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with κιβωτὸν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κιβωτὸνarkAccusativedirect object (of κατακαλύψεις)→ object specificationκιβωτός: see v. 33; the ark, screened by the veil.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with μαρτυρίου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μαρτυρίουtestimonyGenitivegenitive (epexegetic: 'the ark of the testimony')→ relational specificationμαρτύριον: see v. 33; the testimony housed in the ark.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (location: 'in the Holy of Holies')→ spatial or relational framingἐν: + dative, 'in'; locates the screened ark within the inner sanctuary.
τῷtheDativearticle (with ἁγίῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίῳholy placeDativedative of place (head of 'Holy of Holies')→ sphere or referenceἅγιος: the substantized τὸ ἅγιον in the construct τὸ ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων; see v. 33.
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with ἁγίων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίωνholiesGenitivegenitive (superlative construct: 'of the holies')→ relational specificationἅγιος: the genitive plural completing the superlative 'Holy of Holies'; see v. 33.
35

καὶ θήσεις τὴν τράπεζαν ἔξωθεν τοῦ καταπετάσματος καὶ τὴν λυχνίαν ἀπέναντι τῆς τραπέζης ἐπὶ μέρους τῆς σκηνῆς τὸ πρὸς νότον καὶ τὴν τράπεζαν θήσεις ἐπὶ μέρους τῆς σκηνῆς τὸ πρὸς βορρᾶν

And you shall set the table outside the veil, and the lampstand opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle; and the table you shall set on the north side of the tabernacle.

Specification (placement of the furniture outside the veil)καὶ θήσεις τὴν τράπεζαν
Locates the furniture of the outer Holy Place relative to the veil: the table of the presence-bread and the lampstand stand 'outside the veil' (ἔξωθεν τοῦ καταπετάσματος) — the lampstand to the south, the table to the north, facing one another. The veil thus orders the whole sacred geography: ark within, table and lampstand without.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θήσειςyou shall setFut Act Indic 2 Sg · τίθημιmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)τίθημι: see v. 33; here of placing the table.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with τράπεζαν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τράπεζανtableAccusativedirect object (of θήσεις)→ object specificationτράπεζα: 'table'; renders שֻׁלְחָן; the table of the presence-bread (cf. 25:23–30), set in the Holy Place outside the veil.
ἔξωθενoutsideimproper preposition + genitive ('outside the veil')→ spatial or relational framingἔξωθεν: 'from outside / outside'; + genitive, 'outside of'; renders מִחוּץ לְ; the antithesis of ἐσώτερον (v. 33) — the table stands outside the veil, the ark within.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with καταπετάσματος)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπετάσματοςveilGenitivegenitive (with ἔξωθεν: 'outside the veil')→ relational specificationκαταπέτασμα: the veil outside which the furniture stands.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with λυχνίαν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λυχνίανlampstandAccusativedirect object (implied with θήσεις)→ object specificationλυχνία: 'lampstand'; renders מְנוֹרָה; the seven-branched lampstand (cf. 25:31–40), set opposite the table; the same word for the lampstands of Rev 1:12.
ἀπέναντιopposite / over againstimproper preposition + genitive ('opposite the table')→ spatial or relational framingἀπέναντι: 'opposite / facing'; + genitive; renders נֹכַח; the lampstand stands across from the table, the two facing each other within the Holy Place.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with τραπέζης)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τραπέζηςtableGenitivegenitive (with ἀπέναντι: 'opposite the table')→ relational specificationτράπεζα: the table opposite which the lampstand stands.
ἐπὶonpreposition + genitive (location: 'on the side')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive, 'on'; locates the lampstand on the south side.
μέρουςsideGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί: 'on the side')→ relational specificationμέρος: 'side / part'; the south side of the tabernacle.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle on whose south side the lampstand stands.
τὸthe oneAccusativearticle (substantizing πρὸς νότον, loose apposition)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtowardpreposition + accusative (direction: 'toward the south')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + accusative of direction; the side facing south.
νότονsouthAccusativeaccusative (object of πρός)→ object specificationνότος: see v. 20; the south, where the lampstand stands.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with τράπεζαν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τράπεζανtableAccusativefronted direct object (of the second θήσεις)→ object specificationτράπεζα: the table, whose placement on the north is now specified.
θήσειςyou shall setFut Act Indic 2 Sg · τίθημιmain verb (directive future)→ directive futureτίθημι: the repeated verb; the table is set on the north side.
ἐπὶonpreposition + genitive (location)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί: + genitive, 'on'; locates the table on the north side.
μέρουςsideGenitivegenitive (object of ἐπί)→ relational specificationμέρος: the north side of the tabernacle.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtabernacleGenitivegenitive (possessive)→ relational specificationσκηνή: the tabernacle on whose north side the table stands.
τὸthe oneAccusativearticle (substantizing πρὸς βορρᾶν)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtowardpreposition + accusative (direction: 'toward the north')→ spatial or relational framingπρός: + accusative of direction; the side facing north.
βορρᾶνnorthAccusativeaccusative (object of πρός)→ object specificationβορρᾶς: see v. 18; the north, where the table stands, opposite the lampstand.
36

καὶ ποιήσεις ἐπίσπαστρον ἐξ ὑακίνθου καὶ πορφύρας καὶ κοκκίνου κεκλωσμένου καὶ βύσσου κεκλωσμένης ἔργον ποικιλτοῦ

And you shall make a screen of blue and purple and twined scarlet and twined fine linen, the work of an embroiderer.

New sub-unit E (the door-screen of the tent)καὶ ποιήσεις ἐπίσπαστρον
Opens the final unit: the screen (ἐπίσπαστρον) for the tent entrance, of the same sacred colors as the veil, but distinguished as 'the work of an embroiderer' (ἔργον ποικιλτοῦ) rather than the weaver's cherubim-work of the veil (v. 31). The lesser artistry — embroidery without cherubim — marks the screen's lower gradation of holiness at the threshold.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain; opens the door-screen section.
ἐπίσπαστρονscreen / door-curtainAccusativedirect object→ object specificationἐπίσπαστρον: 'screen / curtain that is drawn' (from ἐπισπάω, 'draw over/toward'); renders מָסָךְ ('screen / covering'); the hanging for the tent door, distinct from the inner καταπέτασμα; a rare technical term denoting a curtain drawn across the entrance.
ἐξofpreposition + genitive (material)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: + genitive of material; the same fabric-list as the veil.
ὑακίνθουblueGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationὑάκινθος: see v. 1; the blue of the sacred triad.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορφύραςpurpleGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationπορφύρα: see v. 1; the purple of the triad.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κοκκίνουscarletGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationκόκκινος: see v. 1; the scarlet of the triad, here twined.
κεκλωσμένουtwinedPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Sg Neut · κλώθωattributive participle (modifying κοκκίνου)→ resultative perfect (twined state)κλώθω: see v. 1; the twined scarlet.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βύσσουfine linenGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationβύσσος: see v. 1; the fine linen, here twined (κεκλωσμένης), where the veil had 'spun' (νενησμένης, v. 31) — a slight lexical variation.
κεκλωσμένηςtwinedPerf Pass Ptcp Gen Sg Fem · κλώθωattributive participle (modifying βύσσου)→ resultative perfect (twined state)κλώθω: the twined fine linen of the screen; the same epithet as v. 1, varying the veil's νενησμένης.
ἔργονworkAccusativeaccusative of manner/result (in apposition: 'as work')→ object specificationἔργον: see v. 31; ἔργον ποικιλτοῦ ('embroiderer's work') specifies the screen's technique.
ποικιλτοῦof an embroidererGenitivegenitive of source/agent (with ἔργον: 'an embroiderer's work')→ relational specificationποικιλτής: 'embroiderer / variegator' (from ποικίλλω, 'work in colors'); renders רֹקֵם; the ἔργον ποικιλτοῦ ('embroiderer's work') is a lesser craft than the ἔργον ὑφάντου / ὑφαντόν ('weaver's work') of the veil (vv. 1, 31) — the screen is embroidered, without the woven cherubim of the veil, marking its lower place in the gradation of holiness.
37

καὶ ποιήσεις τῷ καταπετάσματι πέντε στύλους καὶ χρυσώσεις αὐτοὺς χρυσίῳ καὶ αἱ κεφαλίδες αὐτῶν χρυσαῖ καὶ χωνεύσεις αὐτοῖς πέντε βάσεις χαλκᾶς

And you shall make for the screen five uprights, and you shall overlay them with gold, and their capitals shall be of gold; and you shall cast for them five bronze sockets.

Conclusion of unit E and of the chapter (the screen's five pillars)καὶ ποιήσεις τῷ καταπετάσματι πέντε στύλους
Closes the chapter with the screen's mountings: five gold-plated pillars with gold capitals on five cast bronze sockets. The number five (against the veil's four, v. 32) and bronze sockets (against the veil's silver) confirm the gradation of holiness — the threshold takes the baser metal. Note that τῷ καταπετάσματι here refers loosely to the door-screen ἐπίσπαστρον of v. 36 (the LXX uses the veil-word broadly for the entrance-hanging too). The verb χωνεύσεις ('cast/found') introduces metalworking proper, fitting closure to the long construction-discourse.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσειςyou shall makeFut Act Indic 2 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)ποιέω: the construction-refrain, here for the last time in the chapter, governing the screen's pillars.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with καταπετάσματι)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπετάσματιscreen / veilDativedative of advantage ('for the screen')→ sphere or referenceκαταπέτασμα: here used loosely of the door-screen (ἐπίσπαστρον, v. 36); the LXX applies καταπέτασμα broadly to hangings, so the entrance-screen too can be so named; dative of advantage, 'for the screen.'
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying στύλους)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; the five pillars of the door-screen (against the veil's four, v. 32); renders חֲמִשָּׁה.
στύλουςuprights / pillarsAccusativedirect object→ object specificationστῦλος: the five pillars supporting the entrance-screen.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χρυσώσειςyou shall overlay with goldFut Act Indic 2 Sg · χρυσόωmain verb (directive future)→ directive futureχρυσόω: 'gild / overlay with gold'; the simple verb (beside the κατα-compound of v. 29); the pillars are gold-plated.
αὐτοὺςthemAccusativedirect object (= στύλους)→ participant referenceαὐτός: masculine accusative plural resuming στύλους.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of material/instrument→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: the gold with which the pillars are overlaid.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with κεφαλίδες)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεφαλίδεςcapitalsNominativesubject (of implied copula: 'their capitals [shall be]')→ participant prominenceκεφαλίς: see vv. 24, 32; the gold capitals of the screen-pillars.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession (of the pillars)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their'; the capitals of the five pillars.
χρυσαῖof goldNominativepredicate adjective (material of the capitals)→ participant prominenceχρυσοῦς (fem. pl. χρυσαῖ): 'of gold'; the capitals are gold, like those of the veil-pillars (v. 32).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χωνεύσειςyou shall cast / foundFut Act Indic 2 Sg · χωνεύωmain verb (directive future)→ directive future (volitive command)χωνεύω: 'cast / found / smelt' (from χώνη, 'crucible'); renders יָצַק ('cast metal'); the sockets are cast (molten-poured) bronze, not hammered; the same verb is used of casting the golden calf (32:4) — here, by contrast, of legitimate sacred metalwork.
αὐτοῖςfor themDativedative of advantage (= for the pillars)→ participant reference or interestαὐτός: dative of advantage, 'for them (the pillars)'; the sockets are cast to receive the five pillars.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (modifying βάσεις)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; one socket per pillar, five in all.
βάσειςsocketsAccusativedirect object (of χωνεύσεις)→ object specificationβάσις: see v. 19; the sockets of the screen-pillars, here bronze.
χαλκᾶςof bronzeAccusativeattributive adjective (material of the sockets)→ object specificationχαλκοῦς (fem. pl. χαλκᾶς): 'of bronze'; renders נְחֹשֶׁת; the screen's sockets are bronze, against the silver sockets of the veil (v. 32) — the threshold takes the baser metal, completing the chapter's consistent gradation of value (gold within, silver at the veil, bronze at the door).