Greek Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of ExodusΕΞΟΔΟΣ

A six-tier Greek reverse-interlinear of all 40 chapters of the Septuagint text: each word color-coded by grammatical case, with gloss, parsing, Wallace-style syntax, aspectual semantic force, and a lexical note; each verse opens with the running Greek, an English translation, and a discourse note, under a chapter argument-outline.

1,163 verses · 24,011 annotated words · 40 chapters. The Greek follows the standard critical text of the Septuagint (Rahlfs–Hanhart in its main wording, itself an ancient, public-domain text); the distinctively copyrighted apparatus is not reproduced. Versification follows the LXX.

Companion summary Themes, outlines & translation notes Every chapter's theme and argument outline, the textual notes, and a table of the major exegetical cruxes.
  1. 1 Exodus 1 Α′ The titular formula Ταῦτα τὰ ὀνόματα ('These are the names') opens the book here, giving it its Hebrew name שְׁמוֹת (Shemot); the LXX title ΕΞΟΔΟΣ ('departure') is a thematic rather than translational designation. 22 verses · 371 words PDF
  2. 2 Exodus 2 Β′ This chapter narrates the birth, exposure, rescue, and early career of Μωυσῆς (Moses), whose name the LXX explains by a Greek folk-etymology (2:10). Several lexical and translational features call for specific notice. 25 verses · 555 words PDF
  3. 3 Exodus 3 Γ′ This chapter is the theophany at the heart of the Pentateuch: the angel of the LORD (ἄγγελος κυρίου, v.2) appears in a flame of fire out of the bush (ὁ βάτος), which burns without being consumed — a marvel that draws Moses near and occasions the divine commission. 22 verses · 602 words PDF
  4. 4 Exodus 4 Δ′ Exodus belongs to the oldest stratum of the LXX translation (the Pentateuch, produced in Alexandria in the third century BC), and the Alexandrian codices (Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Sinaiticus) agree broadly for this chapter; the translation technique is relatively idiomatic within the Pentateuchal corpus. 31 verses · 730 words PDF
  5. 5 Exodus 5 Ε′ The confrontation between Moses and Aaron and the Egyptian court opens here, and the vocabulary of forced labour and bureaucratic coercion is among the most technically dense in the entire Exodus narrative. 23 verses · 475 words PDF
  6. 6 Exodus 6 Ϛ′ Three theological centers govern the chapter: the name-disclosure (6:2–3), the seven divine 'I will' promises (6:6–8), and the Levitical genealogy (6:14–25) that roots Moses and Aaron in tribal memory before the narrative resumes. 30 verses · 571 words PDF
  7. 7 Exodus 7 Ζ′ A critical versification note is essential: the LXX chapter contains twenty-nine verses, whereas standard English Bibles end chapter 7 at v. 29 verses · 692 words PDF
  8. 8 Exodus 8 Η′ Versification: the four frog-plague verses English assigns to 8:1–4 are numbered 7:26–29 in the LXX and have been authored separately; LXX 8:1 = English 8:5, and the offset of four is constant throughout — LXX 8:28 = English 8:32. 28 verses · 625 words PDF
  9. 9 Exodus 9 Θ′ The fifth through seventh of the ten plagues fill the chapter — the pestilence on livestock (vv.1–7), the plague of boils (vv.8–12), and the plague of hail (vv.13–35) — making it the theological and rhetorical climax of the plague cycle before the final three. 35 verses · 829 words PDF
  10. 10 Exodus 10 Ι′ Chapter 10 encompasses two plagues — the locust (ἀκρίς, vv.1–20) and the darkness (σκότος, vv.21–29) — and reaches its narrative climax in Moses' exit oath (v.29). 29 verses · 720 words PDF
  11. 11 Exodus 11 ΙΑ′ Exodus 11 in the LXX is a compact, dramatically charged chapter: a divine soliloquy (vv. 1–3), Moses' firstborn-plague oracle (vv. 10 verses · 246 words PDF
  12. 12 Exodus 12 ΙΒ′ This is the foundational Passover chapter of the Torah, and its LXX rendering carries several features of enormous theological consequence. 51 verses · 609 words PDF
  13. 13 Exodus 13 ΙΓ′ Two major movements divide the chapter: legislation on firstborn consecration and Passover memory (vv.1–16), and the opening of the wilderness journey under divine guidance (vv.17–22). 22 verses · 501 words PDF
  14. 14 Exodus 14 ΙΔ′ The sea Israel crosses is named ἐρυθρὰ θάλασσα ('Red Sea') — the LXX's rendering of Hebrew yam sûph ('sea of reeds'), the name the NT inherits at Acts 7:36 and Heb 11:29. 31 verses · 614 words PDF
  15. 15 Exodus 15 ΙΕ′ Exodus 15 is the Song of the Sea (ᾠδή, v. 27 verses · 509 words PDF
  16. 16 Exodus 16 ΙϚ′ Exodus 16 narrates the gift of manna and quail in the wilderness of Sin and is, lexically and theologically, one of the richest chapters in the Greek Pentateuch. 36 verses · 807 words PDF
  17. 17 Exodus 17 ΙΖ′ Exodus 17 falls into two narrative panels joined by a place-name etiology: the strife at Rephidim and the water from the rock (vv. 1–7), and the battle with Amalek with its memorial (vv. 16 verses · 378 words PDF
  18. 18 Exodus 18 ΙΗ′ Exodus 18 is a narrative hinge between the Red Sea / wilderness cycle and the Sinai theophany: Ιοθορ (Jethro), priest of Madian and Moses' γαμβρός, hears of the Exodus, brings Moses' wife Σεπφωρα and two sons to the mountain of God (vv. 27 verses · 586 words PDF
  19. 19 Exodus 19 ΙΘ′ Exodus 19 is the hinge of the book: it brings Israel from Egypt to Sinai (v. 1) and frames the covenant that the rest of the Pentateuch presupposes. 25 verses · 566 words PDF
  20. 20 Exodus 20 Κ′ Exodus 20 is the LXX Decalogue — the δέκα λόγοι (Exod 34:28; Deut 10:4) — and one of the most theologically consequential chapters in the Greek Bible, since it is the form of the Ten Commandments most frequently echoed in the New Testament. 26 verses · 503 words PDF
  21. 21 Exodus 21 ΚΑ′ Exodus 21 opens the Covenant Code (Exod 20:22–23:33), the block of case law (Hebrew מִשְׁפָּטִים, rendered τὰ δικαιώματα at 21:1) that follows the Decalogue; v. 37 verses · 687 words PDF
  22. 22 Exodus 22 ΚΒ′ Exodus 22 belongs to the 'Book of the Covenant' (Exod 20:22–23:33), the casuistic and apodictic case-law that follows the Decalogue. 30 verses · 548 words PDF
  23. 23 Exodus 23 ΚΓ′ Exodus 23 concludes the so-called Book of the Covenant (Exod 20:22–23:33), moving from casuistic civil law into apodictic exhortation, cultic calendar, and a closing covenant-epilogue. 33 verses · 711 words PDF
  24. 24 Exodus 24 ΚΔ′ Exodus 24 is the LXX's covenant-ratification chapter, the narrative hinge that seals the Sinai theophany (chs. 19–23) before the Tabernacle instructions (chs. 18 verses · 398 words PDF
  25. 25 Exodus 25 ΚΕ′ Exodus 25 opens the great Tabernacle (σκηνή) prescription: YHWH commands the freewill offering (ἀπαρχή, vv. 1–7), the making of a sanctuary (ἁγίασμα) according to the heavenly pattern (παράδειγμα, vv. 39 verses · 667 words PDF
  26. 26 Exodus 26 ΚϚ′ Exodus 26 is the second of the great tabernacle-construction discourses (chs. 37 verses · 772 words PDF
  27. 27 Exodus 27 ΚΖ′ Exodus 27 belongs to the great Tabernacle-instruction block (chs. 21 verses · 453 words PDF
  28. 28 Exodus 28 ΚΗ′ Exodus 28 prescribes the priestly vestments of Aaron and his sons: the holy garments made 'for honor and glory' (εἰς τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν), the ephod (ἐπωμίς) with its two onyx shoulder-stones engraved with the tribal names, the breastplate of judgment (λογεῖον τῶν κρίσεων) with four rows of three gemstones, the robe (ποδήρης/ὑποδύτης) with golden bells and pomegranates, the golden plate (πέταλον) inscribed ἁγίασμα κυρίου, and the tunic, turban, sash, and linen breeches. 37 verses · 802 words PDF
  29. 29 Exodus 29 ΚΘ′ Exodus 29 is the great priestly-ordination liturgy of the LXX Exodus: a sustained second-person divine address to Moses prescribing the seven-day consecration (τελείωσις) of Aaron and his sons. 46 verses · 1063 words PDF
  30. 30 Exodus 30 Λ′ Exodus 30 belongs to the cultic-instruction block of the tabernacle pericope (Exod 25–31), and the LXX of this section is notable both for its dense technical vocabulary and for occasional divergences in sequence and detail from the Masoretic Text. 38 verses · 707 words PDF
  31. 31 Exodus 31 ΛΑ′ Exodus 31 closes the great tabernacle-instruction block (chs. 25–31) with three movements: the divine designation and Spirit-filling of the master-craftsmen Bezalel and Oholiab (vv. 18 verses · 342 words PDF
  32. 32 Exodus 32 ΛΒ′ A point of versification must be flagged at the outset: in the Rahlfs LXX, Exodus 32 runs to thirty-four verses numbered 1–8 and then 10–35 — THERE IS NO VERSE 9. 34 verses · 809 words PDF
  33. 33 Exodus 33 ΛΓ′ Exodus 33 is the theological heart of the golden-calf aftermath: a chapter wholly concerned with the divine Presence — whether, and how, YHWH will accompany a 'stiff-necked' people. 23 verses · 551 words PDF
  34. 34 Exodus 34 ΛΔ′ Exodus 34 is the great chapter of covenant renewal after the apostasy of the golden calf (ch. 32) and Moses' tabernacle-of-meeting intercession (ch. 35 verses · 808 words PDF
  35. 35 Exodus 35 ΛΕ′ Exodus 35 begins the LXX's account of the construction of the tabernacle (the 'second tabernacle pericope', chs. 31 verses · 575 words PDF
  36. 36 Exodus 36 ΛϚ′ A reader comparing the Old Greek with the Masoretic Text will at once notice that the second half of Exodus in the LXX follows a markedly different arrangement of the Tabernacle-construction account: the Greek of chapters 36–39 is both shorter and reordered relative to the Hebrew. 38 verses · 759 words PDF
  37. 37 Exodus 37 ΛΖ′ The construction account of the tabernacle in the LXX (Exod 35–40) diverges markedly from the Masoretic order: it is shorter, the material is rearranged, and the sequence of items does not track the Hebrew chapter divisions. 21 verses · 392 words PDF
  38. 38 Exodus 38 ΛΗ′ Exodus 38 in the LXX belongs to the second tabernacle account — the 'execution' or construction narrative (chs. 27 verses · 505 words PDF
  39. 39 Exodus 39 ΛΘ′ Exodus 39 belongs to the second tabernacle-construction account (chs. 23 verses · 443 words PDF
  40. 40 Exodus 40 Μ′ Exodus 40 is the closing chapter of the book, and the Old Greek here is markedly shorter than the Masoretic Text: the LXX lacks Greek equivalents for several MT verses, so that Rahlfs' versification skips vv. 32 verses · 530 words PDF