1
ἰδοὺ δὴ ὁ δεσπότης κύριος σαβαωθ ἀφελεῖ ἀπὸ τῆς Ιουδαίας καὶ ἀπὸ Ιερουσαλημ ἰσχύοντα καὶ ἰσχύουσαν ἰσχὺν ἄρτου καὶ ἰσχὺν ὕδατος
For look, the Master, the Lord Sabaoth, will remove from Judea and from Jerusalem the strong man and the strong woman, the whole strength of bread and the whole strength of water.
The oracle opens with an emphatic divine action. The Lord removes both persons and provisions, presenting judgment as the withdrawal of everything a city relies on to stand.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection drawing attention to what followsἰδού: interjection rendered 'behold'; it draws attention to the prophetic assertion that follows.
δὴnow / indeedX · δήnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseδή: rendered 'now / indeed' here; a nominal form used in the indeterminate case within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δεσπότηςMasterN1M NSM · δεσπότηςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseδεσπότης: rendered 'Master' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σαβαωθSabaothN G · σαβαωθnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseσαβαωθ: transliterated proper name, 'Sabaoth'; the Septuagint preserves the place or title name in Greek dress within Isaiah's oracle.
ἀφελεῖshall removeVF2 FAI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseαἱρέω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'shall remove'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phraseἀπό: preposition rendered 'from'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ΙουδαίαςJudeaN1A GSF · Ἰουδαίαgenitive dependent within the phraseΙουδαίας: transliterated proper name, 'Judea'; the Septuagint preserves the place or title name in Greek dress within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phraseἀπό: preposition rendered 'from'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name, 'Jerusalem'; the Septuagint preserves the place or title name in Greek dress within Isaiah's oracle.
ἰσχύονταmightyV1 · παπασμ ἰσχύωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceἰσχύω: verbal form rendered 'mighty'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἰσχύουσανstrong womanV1 · παπασφ ἰσχύωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceἰσχύω: verbal form rendered 'strong woman'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἰσχὺνstrengthA3U ASN · ἰσχύςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἰσχύς: rendered 'strength' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἄρτουbreadN2 GSM · ἄρτοςgenitive dependent within the phraseἄρτος: rendered 'bread' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἰσχὺνstrengthA3U ASN · ἰσχύςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἰσχύς: rendered 'strength' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὕδατοςwaterN3T GSN · ὕδωρgenitive dependent within the phraseὕδωρ: rendered 'water' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
2
γίγαντα καὶ ἰσχύοντα καὶ ἄνθρωπον πολεμιστὴν καὶ δικαστὴν καὶ προφήτην καὶ στοχαστὴν καὶ πρεσβύτερον
He will remove giant and mighty man, warrior and judge, prophet and diviner, and elder,
The first support-list expands from food and water to public offices and figures of strength. Military, judicial, prophetic, and traditional sources of authority are all included in the loss.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
γίγανταgiantN3 ASM · γίγαςaccusative element functioning as object or goalγίγας: rendered 'giant' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἰσχύονταmightyV1 · παπαπμ ἰσχύωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceἰσχύω: verbal form rendered 'mighty'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἄνθρωπονmanN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἄνθρωπος: rendered 'man' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πολεμιστὴνπολεμιστήςN1 ASM · πολεμιστήςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπολεμιστής: rendered 'πολεμιστής' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
δικαστὴνjudgeN1M ASM · δικαστήςaccusative element functioning as object or goalδικαστής: rendered 'judge' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
προφήτηνprophetN1M ASM · προφήτηςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπροφήτης: rendered 'prophet' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
στοχαστὴνdivinerN1M ASM · στοχαστήςaccusative element functioning as object or goalστοχαστής: rendered 'diviner' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
πρεσβύτερονelderN2 ASM · πρεσβύτεροςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπρεσβύτερος: rendered 'elder' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
3
καὶ πεντηκόνταρχον καὶ θαυμαστὸν σύμβουλον καὶ σοφὸν ἀρχιτέκτονα καὶ συνετὸν ἀκροατήν
captain of fifty and wonderful counselor, wise architect and intelligent listener.
The catalogue continues with more specialized roles. The Greek text's inclusion of the architect and discerning hearer sharpens the sense that practical wisdom itself is being taken away.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
πεντηκόνταρχονcaptain of fiftyN2 ASN · πεντηκοντάρχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπεντηκοντάρχος: rendered 'captain of fifty' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
θαυμαστὸνwonderfulA1 ASM · θαυμαστόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalθαυμαστός: rendered 'wonderful' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σύμβουλονcounselorN2 ASM · σύμβουλοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύμβουλος: rendered 'counselor' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
σοφὸνwiseA1 ASM · σοφόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalσοφός: rendered 'wise' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀρχιτέκτοναarchitectN3N ASM · ἀρχιτέκτωνaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀρχιτέκτων: rendered 'architect' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
συνετὸνintelligentA1 ASM · συνετόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalσυνετός: rendered 'intelligent' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀκροατήνlistenerN1M ASM · ἀκροατήςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀκροατής: rendered 'listener' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
4
καὶ ἐπιστήσω νεανίσκους ἄρχοντας αὐτῶν καὶ ἐμπαῖκται κυριεύσουσιν αὐτῶν
And I will set young men as their rulers, and mockers shall have dominion over them.
Once stable leaders are removed, rule passes to the immature and the frivolous. Governance itself becomes an instrument of humiliation.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἐπιστήσωI will setVF FAI1S · ἵστημι + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἵστημι + ἐπι: verbal form rendered 'I will set'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
νεανίσκουςyoung menN2 APM · νεανίσκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalνεανίσκος: rendered 'young men' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἄρχονταςruler / chiefN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object or goalἄρχων: rendered 'ruler / chief' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἐμπαῖκταιmockersN1M NPM · ἐμπαίκτηςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἐμπαίκτης: rendered 'mockers' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κυριεύσουσινruleVF FAI3P · κυριεύωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseκυριεύω: verbal form rendered 'rule'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
5
καὶ συμπεσεῖται ὁ λαός ἄνθρωπος πρὸς ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἄνθρωπος πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ προσκόψει τὸ παιδίον πρὸς τὸν πρεσβύτην ὁ ἄτιμος πρὸς τὸν ἔντιμον
And the people shall fall together, man against man and a man against his neighbor; the child will strike against the elder, the dishonored against the honored.
Social disintegration follows political collapse. Ordinary bonds of age, respect, and neighborliness are inverted into pressure and aggression.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
συμπεσεῖταιshall fall togetherVF FMI3S · πίπτω + συνmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπίπτω + συν: verbal form rendered 'shall fall together'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
λαόςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'man' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρός: preposition rendered 'to'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
ἄνθρωπονmanN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἄνθρωπος: rendered 'man' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'man' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρός: preposition rendered 'to'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πλησίονneighborD · πλησίονparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsπλησίον: particle or adverb rendered 'neighbor'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
προσκόψειwill strikeVF FAI3S · κόπτω + προςmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseκόπτω + προς: verbal form rendered 'will strike'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
παιδίονchildN2N ASN · παιδίονaccusative element functioning as object or goalπαιδίον: rendered 'child' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρός: preposition rendered 'to'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πρεσβύτηνelderN1M ASM · πρεσβύτηςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπρεσβύτης: rendered 'elder' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἄτιμοςdishonoredA1B NSM · ἄτιμοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἄτιμος: rendered 'dishonored' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρός: preposition rendered 'to'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἔντιμονhonoredA1B ASM · ἔντιμοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔντιμος: rendered 'honored' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
6
ὅτι ἐπιλήμψεται ἄνθρωπος τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ ἢ τοῦ οἰκείου τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ λέγων ἱμάτιον ἔχεις ἀρχηγὸς ἡμῶν γενοῦ καὶ τὸ βρῶμα τὸ ἐμὸν ὑπὸ σὲ ἔστω
Because a man will take hold of his brother or of his father's kinsman, saying, 'You have a cloak; become our leader, and let my food be under your charge,'
Isaiah imagines a desperate search for anyone with visible signs of solvency. Even possession of a cloak is enough to trigger a plea for rule over the wreckage.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesὅτι: conjunction rendered 'that'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἐπιλήμψεταιwill take holdVF FMI3S · λαμβάνω + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseλαμβάνω + ἐπι: verbal form rendered 'will take hold'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'man' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἀδελφοῦbrotherN2 GSM · ἀδελφόςgenitive dependent within the phraseἀδελφός: rendered 'brother' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἢorC · ἤconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesἤ: conjunction rendered 'or'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
οἰκείουkinsmanA1A GSM · οἰκεῖοςgenitive dependent within the phraseοἰκεῖος: rendered 'kinsman' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πατρὸςfatherN3 GSM · πατήρgenitive dependent within the phraseπατήρ: rendered 'father' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceλέγω: verbal form rendered 'saying'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἱμάτιονgarment / cloakN2N ASN · ἱμάτιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἱμάτιον: rendered 'garment / cloak' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἔχειςyou haveV1 PAI2S · ἔχωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἔχω: verbal form rendered 'you have'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀρχηγὸςleaderN2 NSM · ἀρχηγόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἀρχηγός: rendered 'leader' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'our'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
γενοῦbe / becomeVB AMD2S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'be / become'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
βρῶμαfoodN3M ASN · βρῶμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalβρῶμα: rendered 'food' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἐμὸνmyA1 ASN · ἐμόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐμός: rendered 'my' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑπὸunderP · ὑπόpreposition governing the following phraseὑπό: preposition rendered 'under'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
σὲyouRP AS · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'you'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ἔστωlet it beV9 PAD3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'let it be'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
7
καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ἐρεῖ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ οὐκ ἔσομαί σου ἀρχηγός οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ μου ἄρτος οὐδὲ ἱμάτιον οὐκ ἔσομαι ἀρχηγὸς τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου
and he will answer in that day and say, 'I will not be your leader, for in my house there is neither bread nor clothing; I will not be leader of this people.'
The proposed leader refuses because he has no resources to stabilize the community. The refusal shows that the crisis is total, not merely administrative.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀποκριθεὶςansweringVC · αππνσμ κρίνω + ἀποparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceκρίνω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'answering'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐρεῖsayVF2 FAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἶπον: verbal form rendered 'say'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: preposition rendered 'in'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement within the clauseἡμέρα: rendered 'day' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςdative complement within the clauseἐκεῖνος: rendered 'that' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
οὐκnotD · οὐparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsοὐ: particle or adverb rendered 'not'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
ἔσομαίshall beVF FMI1S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'shall be'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ἀρχηγόςleaderN2 NSM · ἀρχηγόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἀρχηγός: rendered 'leader' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsοὐ: particle or adverb rendered 'not'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
γὰρforX · γάρnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseγάρ: rendered 'for' here; a nominal form used in the indeterminate case within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'there is'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: preposition rendered 'in'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative complement within the clauseοἶκος: rendered 'house' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'my'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ἄρτοςbreadN2 NSM · ἄρτοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἄρτος: rendered 'bread' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesοὐδέ: conjunction rendered 'nor'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἱμάτιονgarment / cloakN2N ASN · ἱμάτιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἱμάτιον: rendered 'garment / cloak' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
οὐκnotD · οὐparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsοὐ: particle or adverb rendered 'not'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
ἔσομαιI will beVF FMI1S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'I will be'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀρχηγὸςleaderN2 NSM · ἀρχηγόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἀρχηγός: rendered 'leader' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive dependent within the phraseλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τούτουthisRD GSM · οὗτοςgenitive dependent within the phraseοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
8
ὅτι ἀνεῖται Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ἡ Ιουδαία συμπέπτωκεν καὶ αἱ γλῶσσαι αὐτῶν μετὰ ἀνομίας τὰ πρὸς κύριον ἀπειθοῦντες διότι νῦν ἐταπεινώθη ἡ δόξα αὐτῶν
Because Jerusalem has been abandoned and Judea has fallen, and their tongues speak lawless things against the Lord in disobedience; therefore now their glory has been humbled.
The social ruin is explained morally: Judah's speech and conduct openly resist the Lord. The humbling of their glory is the public consequence of that rebellion.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesὅτι: conjunction rendered 'that'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀνεῖταιhas been abandonedVM XMI3S · αἱρέω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseαἱρέω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'has been abandoned'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name, 'Jerusalem'; the Septuagint preserves the place or title name in Greek dress within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ΙουδαίαἸουδαίαN1A NSF · Ἰουδαίαnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἸουδαία: rendered 'Ἰουδαία' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
συμπέπτωκενhas fallenVX XAI3S · πίπτω + συνmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπίπτω + συν: verbal form rendered 'has fallen'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
γλῶσσαιtongueN1S NPF · γλῶσσαnominative substantive functioning within the clauseγλῶσσα: rendered 'tongue' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPF · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετά: preposition rendered 'with'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
ἀνομίαςlawlessnessN1A GSF · ἀνομίαgenitive dependent within the phraseἀνομία: rendered 'lawlessness' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρός: preposition rendered 'to'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀπειθοῦντεςbeing disobedientV2 · παπνπμ ἀπειθέωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceἀπειθέω: verbal form rendered 'being disobedient'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
διότιbecauseC · διότιconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesδιότι: conjunction rendered 'because'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsνῦν: particle or adverb rendered 'now'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
ἐταπεινώθηhe humbled himselfVCI API3S · ταπεινόωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'he humbled himself'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative substantive functioning within the clauseδόξα: rendered 'glory' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
9
καὶ ἡ αἰσχύνη τοῦ προσώπου αὐτῶν ἀντέστη αὐτοῖς τὴν δὲ ἁμαρτίαν αὐτῶν ὡς Σοδομων ἀνήγγειλαν καὶ ἐνεφάνισαν οὐαὶ τῇ ψυχῇ αὐτῶν διότι βεβούλευνται βουλὴν πονηρὰν καθ' ἑαυτῶν
And the shame of their face has stood against them; they proclaimed and displayed their sin like that of Sodom. Woe to their soul, because they have devised evil counsel against themselves.
Their sin is not hidden but advertised. By invoking Sodom, the verse frames shamelessness itself as part of the judgment case.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
αἰσχύνηshameN1 NSF · αἰσχύνηnominative substantive functioning within the clauseαἰσχύνη: rendered 'shame' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive dependent within the phraseπρόσωπον: rendered 'face / presence' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀντέστηwithstood / opposedVHI AAI3S · ἵστημι + ἀντιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἵστημι + ἀντι: verbal form rendered 'withstood / opposed'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement within the clauseαὐτός: rendered 'them' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δὲbutX · δέnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseδέ: rendered 'but' here; a nominal form used in the indeterminate case within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἁμαρτίανsinN1A ASF · ἁμαρτίαaccusative element functioning as object or goalἁμαρτία: rendered 'sin' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὡςasD · ὡςparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsὡς: particle or adverb rendered 'as'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
Σοδομωνof SodomN ASF · Σοδομωνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΣοδομων: rendered 'of Sodom' here; a nominal form used in the indeterminate case within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀνήγγειλανthey reportedVAI AAI3P · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'they reported'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἐνεφάνισανhas informedVAI AAI3P · φανίζω + ἐνmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseφανίζω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'has informed'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
οὐαὶwoeI · οὐαίinterjection drawing attention to what followsοὐαί: interjection rendered 'woe'; it draws attention to the prophetic assertion that follows.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ψυχῇsoulN1 DSF · ψυχήdative complement within the clauseψυχή: rendered 'soul' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
διότιbecauseC · διότιconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesδιότι: conjunction rendered 'because'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
βεβούλευνταιhave devisedVM XMI3P · βουλεύωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseβουλεύω: verbal form rendered 'have devised'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
βουλὴνcounselN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object or goalβουλή: rendered 'counsel' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πονηρὰνwickedA1A ASF · πονηρόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπονηρός: rendered 'wicked' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καθ'in / duringD · κατάparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsκατά: particle or adverb rendered 'in / during'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
ἑαυτῶνthemselvesRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive dependent within the phraseἑαυτοῦ: rendered 'themselves' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
10
εἰπόντες δήσωμεν τὸν δίκαιον ὅτι δύσχρηστος ἡμῖν ἐστιν τοίνυν τὰ γενήματα τῶν ἔργων αὐτῶν φάγονται
Saying, 'Let us bind the righteous one, because he is troublesome to us'; therefore they shall eat the produce of their deeds.
The oppressors' voice is quoted directly. Their hostility to the righteous becomes the reason they will be made to consume the consequences of their own works.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
εἰπόντεςsayVB · ααπνπμ εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἶπον: verbal form rendered 'say'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
δήσωμενlet us bindVA AAS1P · δέωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseδέω: verbal form rendered 'let us bind'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δίκαιονrighteousA1A ASM · δίκαιοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalδίκαιος: rendered 'righteous' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesὅτι: conjunction rendered 'that'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
δύσχρηστοςtroublesomeA1B NSM · δύσχρηστοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseδύσχρηστος: rendered 'troublesome' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'to us'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'is'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοίνυνthereforeX · τοίνυνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseτοίνυν: rendered 'therefore' here; a nominal form used in the indeterminate case within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
γενήματαproduceN3M APN · γένημαaccusative element functioning as object or goalγένημα: rendered 'produce' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἔργωνworks / laboursN2N GPN · ἔργονgenitive dependent within the phraseἔργον: rendered 'works / labours' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
φάγονταιthey shall eatVF FMI3P · ἐσθίωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἐσθίω: verbal form rendered 'they shall eat'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
11
οὐαὶ τῷ ἀνόμῳ πονηρὰ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ συμβήσεται αὐτῷ
Woe to the lawless one: evil things will happen to him according to the works of his hands.
The principle of recompense is stated plainly. The lawless person meets the returning effect of his own actions.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οὐαὶwoeI · οὐαίinterjection drawing attention to what followsοὐαί: interjection rendered 'woe'; it draws attention to the prophetic assertion that follows.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἀνόμῳlawlessA1B DSM · ἄνομοςdative complement within the clauseἄνομος: rendered 'lawless' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πονηρὰevil thingsA1A NPN · πονηρόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseπονηρός: rendered 'evil things' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κατὰaccording toD · κατάparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsκατά: particle or adverb rendered 'according to'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔργον: rendered 'works' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
χειρῶνhandsN3 GPF · χείρgenitive dependent within the phraseχείρ: rendered 'hands' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
συμβήσεταιit happenedVF FMI3S · βαίνω + συνmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseβαίνω + συν: verbal form rendered 'it happened'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative complement within the clauseαὐτός: rendered 'to him' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
12
λαός μου οἱ πράκτορες ὑμῶν καλαμῶνται ὑμᾶς καὶ οἱ ἀπαιτοῦντες κυριεύουσιν ὑμῶν λαός μου οἱ μακαρίζοντες ὑμᾶς πλανῶσιν ὑμᾶς καὶ τὸν τρίβον τῶν ποδῶν ὑμῶν ταράσσουσιν
My people, your agents strip you bare, and those who demand payment rule over you. My people, those who call you blessed lead you astray and disturb the path of your feet.
The accusation turns to exploitative leadership. Those who should guide the people instead consume them and throw their course into confusion.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
λαόςpeopleN2 VSM · λαόςvocative form used in direct addressλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the vocative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'my'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πράκτορεςagentsN3R NPM · πράκτωρnominative substantive functioning within the clauseπράκτωρ: rendered 'agents' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καλαμῶνταιstrip bareV3 PMI3P · καλαμάομαιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseκαλαμάομαι: verbal form rendered 'strip bare'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'you'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἀπαιτοῦντεςthose who demand paymentV2 · παπνπμ αἰτέω + ἀποparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceαἰτέω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'those who demand payment'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κυριεύουσινrule overV1 PAI3P · κυριεύωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseκυριεύω: verbal form rendered 'rule over'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
λαόςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'my'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
μακαρίζοντεςthose who call blessedV1 · παπνπμ μακαρίζωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceμακαρίζω: verbal form rendered 'those who call blessed'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'you'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
πλανῶσινlead astrayV3 PAI3P · πλανάωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπλανάω: verbal form rendered 'lead astray'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'you'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
τρίβονTribonN2 ASM · τρίβοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτρίβος: rendered 'Tribon' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ποδῶνfeetN3D GPM · πούςgenitive dependent within the phraseπούς: rendered 'feet' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ταράσσουσινdisturbV1 PAI3P · ταράσσωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseταράσσω: verbal form rendered 'disturb'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
13
ἀλλὰ νῦν καταστήσεται εἰς κρίσιν κύριος καὶ στήσει εἰς κρίσιν τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ
But now the Lord shall stand for judgment and will set his people in judgment.
The scene shifts from human malpractice to divine adjudication. The Lord himself takes his place as litigant and judge.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesἀλλά: conjunction rendered 'but'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsνῦν: particle or adverb rendered 'now'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
καταστήσεταιshall standVF FMI3S · ἵστημι + καταmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἵστημι + κατα: verbal form rendered 'shall stand'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: preposition rendered 'into'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκρίσις: rendered 'judgment' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
στήσειshall set / standVF FAI3S · ἵστημιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἵστημι: verbal form rendered 'shall set / stand'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: preposition rendered 'into'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκρίσις: rendered 'judgment' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
14
αὐτὸς κύριος εἰς κρίσιν ἥξει μετὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ μετὰ τῶν ἀρχόντων αὐτοῦ ὑμεῖς δὲ τί ἐνεπυρίσατε τὸν ἀμπελῶνά μου καὶ ἡ ἁρπαγὴ τοῦ πτωχοῦ ἐν τοῖς οἴκοις ὑμῶν
The Lord himself will come into judgment with the elders of the people and with their rulers: 'Why did you burn up my vineyard, and why is the plunder of the poor in your houses?'
The leaders are directly addressed. The vineyard image identifies the people as the Lord's possession, while the hoarded spoil proves elite predation.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
αὐτὸςhe himselfRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseαὐτός: rendered 'he himself' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: preposition rendered 'into'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκρίσις: rendered 'judgment' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἥξειwill comeVF FAI3S · ἥκωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἥκω: verbal form rendered 'will come'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετά: preposition rendered 'with'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πρεσβυτέρωνeldersN2 GPM · πρεσβύτεροςgenitive dependent within the phraseπρεσβύτερος: rendered 'elders' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive dependent within the phraseλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετά: preposition rendered 'with'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἀρχόντωνof rulersN3 GPM · ἄρχωνgenitive dependent within the phraseἄρχων: rendered 'of rulers' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'you'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
δὲbutX · δέnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseδέ: rendered 'but' here; a nominal form used in the indeterminate case within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: rendered 'what' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐνεπυρίσατεdid you burn upVAI AAI2P · πυρίζω + ἐνmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπυρίζω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'did you burn up'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἀμπελῶνάvineyardN3W ASM · ἀμπελώνaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀμπελών: rendered 'vineyard' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'my'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἁρπαγὴplunderN1 NSF · ἁρπαγήnominative substantive functioning within the clauseἁρπαγή: rendered 'plunder' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πτωχοῦpoor personN2 GSM · πτωχόςgenitive dependent within the phraseπτωχός: rendered 'poor person' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: preposition rendered 'in'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
οἴκοιςhousesN2 DPM · οἶκοςdative complement within the clauseοἶκος: rendered 'houses' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
15
τί ὑμεῖς ἀδικεῖτε τὸν λαόν μου καὶ τὸ πρόσωπον τῶν πτωχῶν καταισχύνετε
Why do you wrong my people and disgrace the face of the poor?
The charge is sharpened into a pointed question. Public shaming of the poor is treated as an offense against the Lord himself.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: rendered 'what' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'you'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ἀδικεῖτεdo wrongV2 PAI2P · ἀδικέωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἀδικέω: verbal form rendered 'do wrong'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalλαός: rendered 'people' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseἐγώ: pronoun rendered 'my'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πρόσωπονfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object or goalπρόσωπον: rendered 'face' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πτωχῶνpoorN2 GPM · πτωχόςgenitive dependent within the phraseπτωχός: rendered 'poor' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καταισχύνετεdisgraceV1 PAI2P · αἰσχύνω + καταmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseαἰσχύνω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'disgrace'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
16
τάδε λέγει κύριος ἀνθ' ὧν ὑψώθησαν αἱ θυγατέρες Σιων καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν ὑψηλῷ τραχήλῳ καὶ ἐν νεύμασιν ὀφθαλμῶν καὶ τῇ πορείᾳ τῶν ποδῶν ἅμα σύρουσαι τοὺς χιτῶνας καὶ τοῖς ποσὶν ἅμα παίζουσαι
Thus says the Lord: Because the daughters of Zion were exalted and walked with uplifted neck, with signals of the eyes, and in their walk together dragging their tunics and at the same time playing with their feet,
The focus narrows from rulers in general to the daughters of Zion as a visible symbol of civic arrogance. Their posture, gait, and ornamented performance embody a culture of hauteur.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
τάδεthusRD APN · ὅδεaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅδε: rendered 'thus' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
λέγειsaysV1 PAI3S · λέγωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseλέγω: verbal form rendered 'says'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀνθ'instead of / in place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing the following phraseἀντί: preposition rendered 'instead of / in place of'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
ὧνwhichRR GPM · ὅςrelative pronoun linking a subordinate clause to its antecedentὅς: relative pronoun rendered 'which', introducing a clause that further identifies its antecedent.
ὑψώθησανlift highVCI API3P · ὑψόωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseὑψόω: verbal form rendered 'lift high'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
θυγατέρεςdaughtersN3 NPF · θυγάτηρnominative substantive functioning within the clauseθυγάτηρ: rendered 'daughters' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ΣιωνZionN GSF · Σιωνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΣιων: transliterated proper name, 'Zion'; the Septuagint preserves the place or title name in Greek dress within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἐπορεύθησανthey wentVCI API3P · πορεύομαιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπορεύομαι: verbal form rendered 'they went'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑψηλῷuplifted / highA1 DSM · ὑψηλόςdative complement within the clauseὑψηλός: rendered 'uplifted / high' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τραχήλῳneckN2 DSM · τράχηλοςdative complement within the clauseτράχηλος: rendered 'neck' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: preposition rendered 'in'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
νεύμασινsignalsN3M DPM · νεῦμαdative complement within the clauseνεῦμα: rendered 'signals' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὀφθαλμῶνeyesN2 GPM · ὀφθαλμόςgenitive dependent within the phraseὀφθαλμός: rendered 'eyes' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
πορείᾳmarchN1A DSF · πορείαdative complement within the clauseπορεία: rendered 'march' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ποδῶνfeetN3D GPM · πούςgenitive dependent within the phraseπούς: rendered 'feet' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἅμαtogetherD · ἅμαparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsἅμα: particle or adverb rendered 'together'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
σύρουσαιdraggingV1 · πμπνπφ σύρωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceσύρω: verbal form rendered 'dragging'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
χιτῶναςtunicsN3W APM · χιτώνaccusative element functioning as object or goalχιτών: rendered 'tunics' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ποσὶνfeetN3D DPM · πούςdative complement within the clauseπούς: rendered 'feet' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἅμαtogetherD · ἅμαparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsἅμα: particle or adverb rendered 'together'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
παίζουσαιplayingV1 · παπνπφ παίζωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceπαίζω: verbal form rendered 'playing'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
17
καὶ ταπεινώσει ὁ θεὸς ἀρχούσας θυγατέρας Σιων καὶ κύριος ἀποκαλύψει τὸ σχῆμα αὐτῶν
therefore God will humble the ruling daughters of Zion, and the Lord will uncover their form.
The answer to proud display is exposure and abasement. What had been staged for admiration will become a spectacle of shame.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ταπεινώσειhumiliationVF FAI3S · ταπεινόωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'humiliation'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseθεός: rendered 'God' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀρχούσαςrulingV1 · παπαπφ ἄρχωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceἄρχω: verbal form rendered 'ruling'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
θυγατέραςdaughtersN3 APF · θυγάτηρaccusative element functioning as object or goalθυγάτηρ: rendered 'daughters' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ΣιωνZionN GSF · Σιωνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΣιων: transliterated proper name, 'Zion'; the Septuagint preserves the place or title name in Greek dress within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀποκαλύψειshall uncoverVF FAI3S · καλύπτω + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseκαλύπτω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'shall uncover'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
σχῆμαformN3M ASN · σχῆμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalσχῆμα: rendered 'form' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
18
ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ καὶ ἀφελεῖ κύριος τὴν δόξαν τοῦ ἱματισμοῦ αὐτῶν καὶ τοὺς κόσμους αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ ἐμπλόκια καὶ τοὺς κοσύμβους καὶ τοὺς μηνίσκους
In that day the Lord will remove the glory of their clothing, their ornaments, their braids, their tassels, and their crescents,
The judgment becomes an itemized stripping away. The Greek catalogue begins with visible dress and decorative accessories as tokens of elite identity.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: preposition rendered 'in'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement within the clauseἡμέρα: rendered 'day' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςdative complement within the clauseἐκεῖνος: rendered 'that' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀφελεῖshall removeVF2 FAI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseαἱρέω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'shall remove'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'LORD' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object or goalδόξα: rendered 'glory' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἱματισμοῦclothingN2 GSM · ἱματισμόςgenitive dependent within the phraseἱματισμός: rendered 'clothing' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κόσμουςornamentsN2 APM · κόσμοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκόσμος: rendered 'ornaments' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἐμπλόκιαbraidsN2N APN · ἐμπλόκιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐμπλόκιον: rendered 'braids' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κοσύμβουςtasselsN2 APM · κόσυμβοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκόσυμβος: rendered 'tassels' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
μηνίσκουςcrescentsN2 APM · μηνίσκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalμηνίσκος: rendered 'crescents' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
19
καὶ τὸ κάθεμα καὶ τὸν κόσμον τοῦ προσώπου αὐτῶν
their necklace and the adornment of their face,
The list narrows to facial and neck adornment, keeping attention fixed on cultivated appearance.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κάθεμαnecklaceN3M ASN · κάθεμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalκάθεμα: rendered 'necklace' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κόσμονornament / adornmentN2 ASM · κόσμοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκόσμος: rendered 'ornament / adornment' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive dependent within the phraseπρόσωπον: rendered 'face / presence' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent within the phraseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
20
καὶ τὴν σύνθεσιν τοῦ κόσμου τῆς δόξης καὶ τοὺς χλιδῶνας καὶ τὰ ψέλια καὶ τὸ ἐμπλόκιον καὶ τὰ περιδέξια καὶ τοὺς δακτυλίους καὶ τὰ ἐνώτια
the arrangement of glorious ornament, the luxury bracelets, the armlets, the braid, the wrist-bands, the rings, and the earrings,
The inventory continues through elaborate personal jewelry. The piling up of terms gives the passage its satirical pressure.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
σύνθεσινarrangementN3I ASF · σύνθεσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύνθεσις: rendered 'arrangement' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κόσμουadornmentN2 GSM · κόσμοςgenitive dependent within the phraseκόσμος: rendered 'adornment' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive dependent within the phraseδόξα: rendered 'glory' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
χλιδῶναςluxury braceletsN3W APF · χλιδώνaccusative element functioning as object or goalχλιδών: rendered 'luxury bracelets' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ψέλιαarmletsN2N APN · ψέλιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalψέλιον: rendered 'armlets' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἐμπλόκιονbraidN2N ASN · ἐμπλόκιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐμπλόκιον: rendered 'braid' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
περιδέξιαwrist-bandsN2N APN · περιδέξιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalπεριδέξιον: rendered 'wrist-bands' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
δακτυλίουςringsN2 APM · δακτύλιοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalδακτύλιος: rendered 'rings' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἐνώτιαearringsA1A APN · ἐνώτιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐνώτιον: rendered 'earrings' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
21
καὶ τὰ περιπόρφυρα καὶ τὰ μεσοπόρφυρα
the garments bordered with purple and the inner purple garments,
Costly dyed fabrics are named as further signs of status and refinement now marked for removal.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
περιπόρφυραpurple-bordered garmentsA1A APN · περιπόρφυροςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπεριπόρφυρος: rendered 'purple-bordered garments' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
μεσοπόρφυραinner purple garmentsA1A APN · μεσοπόρφυροςaccusative element functioning as object or goalμεσοπόρφυρος: rendered 'inner purple garments' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
22
καὶ τὰ ἐπιβλήματα τὰ κατὰ τὴν οἰκίαν καὶ τὰ διαφανῆ λακωνικὰ
the coverings worn in the house and the transparent Spartan fabrics,
The Greek text preserves specialized textile vocabulary, emphasizing luxury display even in domestic and fine imported items.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἐπιβλήματαcoveringsN3M APN · ἐπίβλημαaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐπίβλημα: rendered 'coverings' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κατὰaccording toD · κατάparticle or adverb modifying the clause or one of its elementsκατά: particle or adverb rendered 'according to'; it nuances the clause's emphasis, limitation, or flow.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
οἰκίανhouseN1A ASF · οἰκίαaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἰκία: rendered 'house' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
διαφανῆtransparent / pure / clearA1 APN · διαφανήςaccusative element functioning as object or goalδιαφανής: rendered 'transparent / pure / clear' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
λακωνικὰSpartan fabricsA1 APF · λακωνικόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalλακωνικός: rendered 'Spartan fabrics' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
23
καὶ τὰ βύσσινα καὶ τὰ ὑακίνθινα καὶ τὰ κόκκινα καὶ τὴν βύσσον σὺν χρυσίῳ καὶ ὑακίνθῳ συγκαθυφασμένα καὶ θέριστρα κατάκλιτα
the linen garments, the hyacinth garments, the scarlet garments, the fine linen woven together with gold and hyacinth, and the light summer wraps,
The list reaches its richest fabrics and woven goods. The cumulative effect is to show how thoroughly judgment will dismantle cultivated splendor.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
βύσσιναlinen garmentsA1 APN · βύσσινοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalβύσσινος: rendered 'linen garments' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ὑακίνθιναhyacinth garmentsA1 APN · ὑακίνθινοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὑακίνθινος: rendered 'hyacinth garments' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κόκκιναscarlet garmentsA1 APN · κόκκινοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκόκκινος: rendered 'scarlet garments' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
βύσσονfine linenN2 ASF · βύσσοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalβύσσος: rendered 'fine linen' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing the following phraseσύν: preposition rendered 'with'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
χρυσίῳwith goldN2N DSN · χρυσίονdative complement within the clauseχρυσίον: rendered 'with gold' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ὑακίνθῳblueN2 DSF · ὑάκινθοςdative complement within the clauseὑάκινθος: rendered 'blue' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
συγκαθυφασμέναwoven togetherVT · χππαπν ὑφαίνω + συν + καταparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceὑφαίνω + συν + κατα: verbal form rendered 'woven together'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
θέριστραlight summer wrapsN2N APN · θέριστρονaccusative element functioning as object or goalθέριστρον: rendered 'light summer wraps' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κατάκλιταfineN2N APN · κατάκλιτονaccusative element functioning as object or goalκατάκλιτον: rendered 'fine' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
24
καὶ ἔσται ἀντὶ ὀσμῆς ἡδείας κονιορτός καὶ ἀντὶ ζώνης σχοινίῳ ζώσῃ καὶ ἀντὶ τοῦ κόσμου τῆς κεφαλῆς τοῦ χρυσίου φαλάκρωμα ἕξεις διὰ τὰ ἔργα σου καὶ ἀντὶ τοῦ χιτῶνος τοῦ μεσοπορφύρου περιζώσῃ σάκκον
And instead of sweet fragrance there shall be dust, and instead of a belt you shall gird yourself with rope, and instead of a golden ornament for the head you shall have baldness because of your works, and instead of the purple tunic you shall gird yourself with sackcloth.
The ornament-list turns into a series of reversals. Every mark of beauty is exchanged for mourning, poverty, and disgrace.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'shall be'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἀντὶin place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing the following phraseἀντί: preposition rendered 'in place of'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
ὀσμῆςsmellN1 GSF · ὀσμήgenitive dependent within the phraseὀσμή: rendered 'smell' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἡδείαςsweetA3U GSF · ἡδύςgenitive dependent within the phraseἡδύς: rendered 'sweet' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
κονιορτόςdustN2 NSM · κονιορτόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκονιορτός: rendered 'dust' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀντὶin place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing the following phraseἀντί: preposition rendered 'in place of'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
ζώνηςbelt / girdleN1 GSF · ζωνήgenitive dependent within the phraseζωνή: rendered 'belt / girdle' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σχοινίῳropeN2N DSN · σχοινίονdative complement within the clauseσχοινίον: rendered 'rope' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ζώσῃlivingV5 FMI2S · ζώνυμμιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseζώνυμμι: verbal form rendered 'living'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀντὶin place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing the following phraseἀντί: preposition rendered 'in place of'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κόσμουadornmentN2 GSM · κόσμοςgenitive dependent within the phraseκόσμος: rendered 'adornment' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κεφαλῆςheadN1 GSF · κεφαλήgenitive dependent within the phraseκεφαλή: rendered 'head' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
χρυσίουgoldN2N GSN · χρυσίονgenitive dependent within the phraseχρυσίον: rendered 'gold' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
φαλάκρωμαbaldnessN3M ASN · φαλάκρωμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalφαλάκρωμα: rendered 'baldness' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἕξειςhaveVF FAI2S · ἔχωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἔχω: verbal form rendered 'have'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phraseδιά: preposition rendered 'through'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔργον: rendered 'works' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ἀντὶin place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing the following phraseἀντί: preposition rendered 'in place of'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
χιτῶνοςtunicN3W GSM · χιτώνgenitive dependent within the phraseχιτών: rendered 'tunic' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
μεσοπορφύρουpurpleN2 GSM · μεσοπόρφυροςgenitive dependent within the phraseμεσοπόρφυρος: rendered 'purple' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
περιζώσῃyou shall gird yourselfVF FMI2S · ζώνυμμι + περιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseζώνυμμι + περι: verbal form rendered 'you shall gird yourself'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σάκκονsackclothN2 ASM · σάκκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalσάκκος: rendered 'sackcloth' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
25
καὶ ὁ υἱός σου ὁ κάλλιστος ὃν ἀγαπᾷς μαχαίρᾳ πεσεῖται καὶ οἱ ἰσχύοντες ὑμῶν μαχαίρᾳ πεσοῦνται
And your most beautiful son, whom you love, shall fall by the sword, and your mighty men shall fall by the sword.
The collapse of luxury is matched by the loss of beloved sons and defenders. The verse widens the humiliation into bereavement and military ruin.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
υἱόςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseυἱός: rendered 'son' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κάλλιστοςKaloA1 NSMS · καλόςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseκαλός: rendered 'Kalo' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςrelative pronoun linking a subordinate clause to its antecedentὅς: relative pronoun rendered 'which', introducing a clause that further identifies its antecedent.
ἀγαπᾷςloveV3 PAI2S · ἀγαπάωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἀγαπάω: verbal form rendered 'love'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μαχαίρᾳswordN1A DSF · μάχαιραdative complement within the clauseμάχαιρα: rendered 'sword' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πεσεῖταιshall fallVF FMI3S · πίπτωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπίπτω: verbal form rendered 'shall fall'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
ἰσχύοντεςπαπνπμ ισχυωV1 · παπνπμ ἰσχύωparticiple supplementing the clause with adjectival or adverbial forceἰσχύω: verbal form rendered 'παπνπμ ισχυω'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
μαχαίρᾳswordN1A DSF · μάχαιραdative complement within the clauseμάχαιρα: rendered 'sword' here; a nominal form used in the dative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
πεσοῦνταιthey shall fallVF FMI3P · πίπτωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπίπτω: verbal form rendered 'they shall fall'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
26
καὶ ταπεινωθήσονται καὶ πενθήσουσιν αἱ θῆκαι τοῦ κόσμου ὑμῶν καὶ καταλειφθήσῃ μόνη καὶ εἰς τὴν γῆν ἐδαφισθήσῃ
And the cases of your adornment shall be brought low and shall mourn, and she shall be left alone and dashed down to the ground.
The chapter ends with Zion personified in abandonment. Even the containers of adornment mourn, while the city herself sinks solitary to the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
ταπεινωθήσονταιhumbledVC FPI3P · ταπεινόωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'humbled'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
πενθήσουσινshall mournVF FAI3P · πενθέωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseπενθέω: verbal form rendered 'shall mourn'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
θῆκαιcasesN1 NPF · θήκηnominative substantive functioning within the clauseθήκη: rendered 'cases' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
κόσμουadornmentN2 GSM · κόσμοςgenitive dependent within the phraseκόσμος: rendered 'adornment' here; a nominal form used in the genitive within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun functioning within the clause or phraseσύ: pronoun rendered 'your'; it functions according to its case and context within Isaiah's oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
καταλειφθήσῃshall be leftVC FPI2S · λείπω + καταmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseλείπω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'shall be left'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
μόνηalone / onlyA1 NSF · μόνοςnominative substantive functioning within the clauseμόνος: rendered 'alone / only' here; a nominal form used in the nominative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking words, phrases, or clausesκαί: conjunction rendered 'and'; it links words, phrases, or clauses within the movement of Isaiah's oracle.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: preposition rendered 'into'; it governs its complement and marks relation such as direction, source, location, or reference.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks the following noun phrase as definite and helps signal its case, number, and gender.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object or goalγῆ: rendered 'land' here; a nominal form used in the accusative within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.
ἐδαφισθήσῃshall be dashed to the groundVC FPI2S · ἐδαφίζωmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clauseἐδαφίζω: verbal form rendered 'shall be dashed to the ground'; in this context it advances or qualifies the action within Isaiah's prophetic oracle.