1
οὐαὶ τέκνα ἀποστάται τάδε λέγει κύριος ἐποιήσατε βουλὴν οὐ δι' ἐμοῦ καὶ συνθήκας οὐ διὰ τοῦ πνεύματός μου προσθεῖναι ἁμαρτίας ἐφ' ἁμαρτίαις
Woe to the rebellious children, says the Lord, who have made counsel not from me and covenants not through my Spirit, adding sins upon sins.
The chapter begins with a woe over political planning that deliberately excludes the Lord and layers sin upon sin.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
οὐαὶoyaiI · οὐαίadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐαὶ: meaning 'oyai'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τέκναchildN2N NPN · τέκνονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτέκνον: meaning 'child'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀποστάταιrebelN1M NPM · ἀποστάτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀποστάτης: meaning 'rebel'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειlegoV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'lego'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐποιήσατεepoiesateVAI AAI2P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'epoiesate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βουλὴνcounselN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δι'through / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδι': meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐμοῦI / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνθήκαςcovenantsN1 APF · συνθήκηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσυνθήκη: meaning 'covenants'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πνεύματόςspiritN3M GSN · πνεῦμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουI / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
προσθεῖναιtithemi prosVE AAN · τίθημι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementτίθημι + προς: meaning 'tithemi pros'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐφ'upon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἁμαρτίαιςsinN1A DPF · ἁμαρτίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
2
οἱ πορευόμενοι καταβῆναι εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἐμὲ δὲ οὐκ ἐπηρώτησαν τοῦ βοηθηθῆναι ὑπὸ Φαραω καὶ σκεπασθῆναι ὑπὸ Αἰγυπτίων
They are going down to Egypt, yet they did not ask me, to receive help from Pharaoh and shelter from the Egyptians.
Judah's downward journey to Egypt is presented as a refusal to inquire of the Lord before seeking foreign shelter.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πορευόμενοιporeyomaiV1 · πμπνπμ πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ πορεύομαι: meaning 'poreyomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καταβῆναιbaino kataVZ AAN · βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementβαίνω + κατα: meaning 'baino kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΑἴγυπτονEgyptN2 ASF · Αἴγυπτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΑἴγυπτον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐμὲI / meRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐμὲ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbut / andX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπηρώτησανthey inquired (of)VAI AAI3P · ἐρωτάω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐρωτάω + ἐπι: meaning 'they inquired (of)'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βοηθηθῆναιboetheoVC APN · βοηθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementβοηθέω: meaning 'boetheo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸhypoP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'hypo'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΦαραωPharaohN GSM · Φαραώnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΦαραω: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκεπασθῆναιfind shelterVC APN · σκεπάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementσκεπάζω: meaning 'find shelter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸhypoP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'hypo'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΑἰγυπτίωνEgyptianN2 GPF · Αἰγύπτιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγυπτίων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
ἔσται γὰρ ὑμῖν ἡ σκέπη Φαραω εἰς αἰσχύνην καὶ τοῖς πεποιθόσιν ἐπ' Αἴγυπτον ὄνειδος
The shelter of Pharaoh will become your shame, and trust in Egypt a reproach.
What looked like protection from Pharaoh is redefined as shame and reproach.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμῖνyouRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκέπηshelterN1 NSF · σκέπηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκέπης: meaning 'shelter'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΦαραωPharaohN GSM · Φαραώnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΦαραω: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἰσχύνηνshameN1 ASF · αἰσχύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰσχύνη: meaning 'shame'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πεποιθόσινpeithoVX · χαπδπμ πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαπδπμ πείθω: meaning 'peitho'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'upon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΑἴγυπτονEgyptN2 ASF · Αἴγυπτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΑἴγυπτον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὄνειδοςreproachN3E ASN · ὄνειδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνειδος: meaning 'reproach'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
4
ὅτι εἰσὶν ἐν Τάνει ἀρχηγοὶ ἄγγελοι πονηροί μάτην κοπιάσουσιν
For rulers are in Tanis, and evil messengers labor there in vain.
The diplomatic mission reaches Tanis, but the presence of rulers and envoys only underscores futility.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσὶνeimiV9 PAI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'eimi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΤάνειTanisN3I DSF · Τάνιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ participant identificationΤάνει: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀρχηγοὶchiefN2 NPM · ἀρχηγόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀρχηγός: meaning 'chief'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄγγελοιmessengerN2 NPM · ἄγγελοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄγγελος: meaning 'messenger'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πονηροίevilA1A NPM · πονηρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μάτηνmatenD · μάτηνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμάτην: meaning 'maten'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κοπιάσουσινkopiaoVF FAI3P · κοπιάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκοπιάω: meaning 'kopiao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
πρὸς λαόν ὃς οὐκ ὠφελήσει αὐτοὺς οὔτε εἰς βοήθειαν οὔτε εἰς ὠφέλειαν ἀλλὰ εἰς αἰσχύνην καὶ ὄνειδος
They go to a people that will not help them, not for assistance or benefit, but for shame and reproach.
The prophet states the verdict plainly: the people they seek cannot truly help, only disgrace.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'toward'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὃςwho / whichRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠφελήσειopheleseiVF FAI3S · ὠφελέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὠφελέω: meaning 'ophelesei'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / she / itRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὔτεneitherC · οὔτεconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὔτε: meaning 'neither'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βοήθειανboetheiaN1A ASF · βοήθειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβοήθεια: meaning 'boetheia'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὔτεneitherC · οὔτεconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὔτε: meaning 'neither'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὠφέλειανbenefitN1A ASF · ὠφέλειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὠφέλεια: meaning 'benefit'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἰσχύνηνshameN1 ASF · αἰσχύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰσχύνη: meaning 'shame'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄνειδοςreproachN3E ASN · ὄνειδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνειδος: meaning 'reproach'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
6
ἡ ὅρασις τῶν τετραπόδων τῶν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐν τῇ θλίψει καὶ τῇ στενοχωρίᾳ λέων καὶ σκύμνος λέοντος ἐκεῖθεν καὶ ἀσπίδες καὶ ἔκγονα ἀσπίδων πετομένων οἳ ἔφερον ἐπ' ὄνων καὶ καμήλων τὸν πλοῦτον αὐτῶν πρὸς ἔθνος ὃ οὐκ ὠφελήσει αὐτοὺς εἰς βοήθειαν ἀλλὰ εἰς αἰσχύνην καὶ ὄνειδος
The vision of the beasts in the wilderness: in distress and affliction come lion and lion's cub, asps and flying brood of asps, carrying their wealth on donkeys and camels to a nation that will not help them, but only shame them.
The caravan through the dangerous wilderness dramatizes the absurd costliness of trusting Egypt.
Word-by-word analysis· 47 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὅρασιςvisionN3I NSF · ὅρασιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὅρασις: meaning 'vision'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τετραπόδωνfour-footed beastA1B GPM · τετράπουςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτετράπους: meaning 'four-footed beast'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐρήμῳwildernessA1 DSF · ἔρημοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔρημος: meaning 'wilderness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θλίψειafflictionN3I DSF · θλῖψιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθλῖψις: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στενοχωρίᾳdistressN1A DSF · στενοχωρίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceστενοχωρία: meaning 'distress'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
λέωνlionN3W NSM · λέωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλέων: meaning 'lion'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκύμνοςlion cubN2 NSM · σκύμνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκύμνος: meaning 'lion cub'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λέοντοςlionN3 GSM · λέωνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλέων: meaning 'lion'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐκεῖθενekeithenD · ἐκεῖθενadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖθεν: meaning 'ekeithen'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσπίδεςaspN3D NPF · ἀσπίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀσπίς: meaning 'asp'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔκγοναoffspringA1B NPN · ἔκγονοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔκγονος: meaning 'offspring'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀσπίδωνaspN3D GPF · ἀσπίςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀσπίς: meaning 'asp'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πετομένωνpetomaiV1 · πμπγπφ πέτομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπγπφ πέτομαι: meaning 'petomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔφερονepheronV1I IAI3P · φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processφέρω: meaning 'epheron'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'upon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὄνωνdonkeyN2 GPM · ὄνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὄνος: meaning 'donkey'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καμήλωνcamelN2 GPM · κάμηλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκάμηλος: meaning 'camel'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλοῦτονwealthN2 ASM · πλοῦτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπλοῦτος: meaning 'wealth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνhe / she / itRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'toward'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἔθνοςnationN3E ASN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὃwho / whichRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠφελήσειopheleseiVF FAI3S · ὠφελέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὠφελέω: meaning 'ophelesei'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / she / itRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βοήθειανboetheiaN1A ASF · βοήθειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβοήθεια: meaning 'boetheia'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἰσχύνηνshameN1 ASF · αἰσχύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰσχύνη: meaning 'shame'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄνειδοςreproachN3E ASN · ὄνειδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνειδος: meaning 'reproach'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
7
Αἰγύπτιοι μάταια καὶ κενὰ ὠφελήσουσιν ὑμᾶς ἀπάγγειλον αὐτοῖς ὅτι ματαία ἡ παράκλησις ὑμῶν αὕτη
The Egyptians will help you vainly and emptily; therefore tell them, 'Your comfort in this matter is futile.'
The condemnation tightens into a memorable summary: Egypt's support is vain, hollow consolation.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ΑἰγύπτιοιEgyptiansN2 NPM · Αἰγύπτιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΑἰγύπτιοι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μάταιαmataiosA1A NPN · μάταιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμάταιος: meaning 'mataios'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κενὰkenosA1 NPN · κενόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκενός: meaning 'kenos'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὠφελήσουσινophelesoysinVF FAI3P · ὠφελέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὠφελέω: meaning 'ophelesoysin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπάγγειλονaggello apoVA AAD2S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'aggello apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / she / itRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ματαίαmataiosA1A NSF · μάταιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμάταιος: meaning 'mataios'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παράκλησιςcomfortN3I NSF · παράκλησιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαράκλησις: meaning 'comfort'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὕτη: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
8
νῦν οὖν καθίσας γράψον ἐπὶ πυξίου ταῦτα καὶ εἰς βιβλίον ὅτι ἔσται εἰς ἡμέρας καιρῶν ταῦτα καὶ ἕως εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα
Now sit down and write these things on a tablet and in a book, because they will stand for days to come and even forever.
Isaiah is told to inscribe the message so that the people's rebellion will stand as a permanent witness.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὖν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καθίσαςhizo kataVA · ααπνσμ ἵζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσμ ἵζω + κατα: meaning 'hizo kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γράψονwriteVA AAD2S · γράφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateγράφω: meaning 'write'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πυξίουtabletN2N GSN · πυξίονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπυξίον: meaning 'tablet'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ταῦταthisRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βιβλίονbookN2N ASN · βιβλίονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβιβλίον: meaning 'book'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καιρῶνtimeN2 GPM · καιρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαιρός: meaning 'time'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ταῦταthisRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςheosC · ἕωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: meaning 'heos'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
9
ὅτι λαὸς ἀπειθής ἐστιν υἱοὶ ψευδεῖς οἳ οὐκ ἠβούλοντο ἀκούειν τὸν νόμον τοῦ θεοῦ
For this is a disobedient people, false sons who were unwilling to hear the law of God.
The written indictment begins by defining the people as disobedient and false sons who reject divine instruction.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπειθήςdisobedientA3H NSM · ἀπειθήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀπειθής: meaning 'disobedient'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινestinV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'estin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ψευδεῖςfalseA3H NPM · ψευδήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψευδής: meaning 'false'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠβούλοντοeboylontoV1I IMI3P · βούλομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβούλομαι: meaning 'eboylonto'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀκούεινakoyoV1 PAN · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἀκούω: meaning 'akoyo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νόμονlawN2 ASM · νόμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
10
οἱ λέγοντες τοῖς προφήταις μὴ ἀναγγέλλετε ἡμῖν καὶ τοῖς τὰ ὁράματα ὁρῶσιν μὴ λαλεῖτε ἡμῖν ἀλλὰ ἡμῖν λαλεῖτε καὶ ἀναγγέλλετε ἡμῖν ἑτέραν πλάνησιν
They say to the prophets, 'Do not report to us,' and to those who see visions, 'Do not speak to us; speak to us another deception.'
The people explicitly demand comforting deception instead of prophetic disclosure.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λέγοντεςlegoV1 · παπνπμ λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ λέγω: meaning 'lego'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προφήταιςprophetN1M DPM · προφήτηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπροφήτης: meaning 'prophet'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναγγέλλετεaggello anaV1 PAD2P · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'aggello ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνI / meRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁράματαvisionN3M APN · ὅραμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅραμα: meaning 'vision'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁρῶσινhorosinV3 PAI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processὁράω: meaning 'horosin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλεῖτεspeakV2 PAD2P · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνI / meRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡμῖνI / meRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λαλεῖτεspeakV2 PAD2P · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναγγέλλετεaggello anaV1 PAD2P · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'aggello ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνI / meRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἑτέρανanotherA1A ASF · ἕτεροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἕτερος: meaning 'another'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πλάνησινdeceptionN3I ASF · πλάνησιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπλάνησις: meaning 'deception'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
11
καὶ ἀποστρέψατε ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ ταύτης ἀφέλετε ἀφ' ἡμῶν τὸν τρίβον τοῦτον καὶ ἀφέλετε ἀφ' ἡμῶν τὸν ἅγιον τοῦ Ισραηλ
Turn us aside from this way; remove this path from us; take away from us the Holy One of Israel.
Their desired deception amounts to an attempt to remove the Holy One of Israel from their field of hearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποστρέψατεstrepho apoVA AAD2P · στρέφω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateστρέφω + ἀπο: meaning 'strepho apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμᾶςI / meRP AP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδοῦwayN2 GSF · ὁδόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὁδός: meaning 'way'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ταύτηςthisRD GSF · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationταύτης: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀφέλετεremoveVB AAD2P · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἱρέω + ἀπο: meaning 'remove'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀφ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀφ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμῶνI / meRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρίβονpathN2 ASM · τρίβοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτρίβος: meaning 'path'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦτονthisRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτον: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀφέλετεremoveVB AAD2P · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἱρέω + ἀπο: meaning 'remove'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀφ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀφ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμῶνI / meRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιονholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
12
διὰ τοῦτο οὕτως λέγει κύριος ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ Ισραηλ ὅτι ἠπειθήσατε τοῖς λόγοις τούτοις καὶ ἠλπίσατε ἐπὶ ψεύδει καὶ ὅτι ἐγόγγυσας καὶ πεποιθὼς ἐγένου ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ
Therefore thus says the Holy One of Israel: because you disobeyed these words and trusted in falsehood and murmuring, resting on this claim,
The Holy One answers by identifying their reliance on falsehood and grievance as the core offense.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λέγειlegoV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'lego'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠπειθήσατεepeithesateVAI AAI2P · ἀπειθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀπειθέω: meaning 'epeithesate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγοιςwordN2 DPM · λόγοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τούτοιςthisRD DPM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestτούτοις: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠλπίσατεelpisateVAI AAI2P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐλπίζω: meaning 'elpisate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ψεύδειfalsehoodN3 DSN · ψεῦδοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceψεῦδος: meaning 'falsehood'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγόγγυσαςegoggysasVAI AAI2S · γογγύζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγογγύζω: meaning 'egoggysas'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πεποιθὼςtrustVX · χαπνσμ πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαπνσμ πείθω: meaning 'trust'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐγένουegenoyVBI AMI2S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'egenoy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τούτῳthisRD DSM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestτούτῳ: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
13
διὰ τοῦτο ἔσται ὑμῖν ἡ ἁμαρτία αὕτη ὡς τεῖχος πῖπτον παραχρῆμα πόλεως ὀχυρᾶς ἑαλωκυίας ἧς παραχρῆμα πάρεστιν τὸ πτῶμα
therefore this sin will be to you like a wall suddenly collapsing from a captured strong city, whose fall comes at once.
Judgment is pictured as a strong wall that suddenly gives way, making the coming fall seem immediate and structural.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνyouRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτίαsinN1A NSF · ἁμαρτίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὕτη: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεῖχοςwallN3E ASN · τεῖχοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πῖπτονpiptoV1 · παπασν πίπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασν πίπτω: meaning 'pipto'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
παραχρῆμαparachrῆmaD · παραχρῆμαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπαραχρῆμα: meaning 'parachrῆma'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὀχυρᾶςochyrasA1A GSF · ὀχυρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀχυρός: meaning 'ochyras'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἑαλωκυίαςhealokyiasVX · χαπγσφ ἁλίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαπγσφ ἁλίσκω: meaning 'healokyias'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἧςwho / whichRR GSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἧς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
παραχρῆμαparachrῆmaD · παραχρῆμαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπαραχρῆμα: meaning 'parachrῆma'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάρεστιν+ paraV9 PAI3S · εἰμί + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί + παρα: meaning '+ para'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτῶμαfall / ruinN3M NSN · πτῶμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπτῶμα: meaning 'fall'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
14
καὶ τὸ πτῶμα αὐτῆς ἔσται ὡς σύντριμμα ἀγγείου ὀστρακίνου ἐκ κεραμίου λεπτὰ ὥστε μὴ εὑρεῖν ἐν αὐτοῖς ὄστρακον ἐν ᾧ πῦρ ἀρεῖς καὶ ἐν ᾧ ἀποσυριεῖς ὕδωρ μικρόν
Its ruin will be like the smashing of a clay vessel into fragments so fine that not a shard will be found to carry fire or draw a little water.
The image intensifies: the break is so complete that no usable shard remains.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτῶμαfall / ruinN3M NSN · πτῶμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπτῶμα: meaning 'fall'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῆςhe / she / itRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σύντριμμαsyntrimmaN3M ASN · σύντριμμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσύντριμμα: meaning 'syntrimma'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀγγείουvesselN2N GSN · ἀγγεῖονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀγγεῖον: meaning 'vessel'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὀστρακίνουearthenwareA1 GSN · ὀστράκινοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀστράκινος: meaning 'earthenware'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐκout ofP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κεραμίουpotteryN2N GSN · κεράμιονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκεράμιον: meaning 'pottery'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
λεπτὰpowderA1 APN · λεπτόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλεπτός: meaning 'powder'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὥστεhosteC · ὥστεconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὥστε: meaning 'hoste'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὑρεῖνto findVB AAN · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementεὑρίσκω: meaning 'to find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῖςhe / she / itRD DPN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὄστρακονpotsherdN2N ASN · ὄστρακονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄστρακον: meaning 'potsherd'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾧwho / whichRR DSN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾧ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀρεῖςairoVF2 FAI2S · αἴρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἴρω: meaning 'airo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾧwho / whichRR DSN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾧ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀποσυριεῖςsyrizo apoVF2 FAI2S · συρίζω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσυρίζω + ἀπο: meaning 'syrizo apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μικρόνmikrosA1A ASN · μικρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμικρός: meaning 'mikros'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
15
οὕτω λέγει κύριος ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ Ισραηλ ὅταν ἀποστραφεὶς στενάξῃς τότε σωθήσῃ καὶ γνώσῃ ποῦ ἦσθα ὅτε ἐπεποίθεις ἐπὶ τοῖς ματαίοις ματαία ἡ ἰσχὺς ὑμῶν ἐγενήθη καὶ οὐκ ἠβούλεσθε ἀκούειν
For thus says the Lord, the Holy One of Israel: when you turn back and groan, then you will be saved, and you will know where you were when you trusted in vanities; your strength became vain, and you were unwilling to listen.
The Lord recalls that deliverance lay in turning back, but the people refused the path of listening trust.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
οὕτωthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτω: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λέγειlegoV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'lego'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποστραφεὶςstrepho apoVD · αππνσμ στρέφω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαππνσμ στρέφω + ἀπο: meaning 'strepho apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
στενάξῃςstenazoVA AAS2S · στενάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyστενάζω: meaning 'stenazo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τότεthenD · τότεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτότε: meaning 'then'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σωθήσῃsaveVC FPI2S · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσώζω: meaning 'save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώσῃgignoskoVF FMI2S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'gignosko'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ποῦwhere?D · ποῦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastποῦ: meaning 'where?'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦσθαyou wereV9 IAI2S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'you were'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτεhoteD · ὅτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτε: meaning 'hote'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπεποίθειςepepoitheisVXI YAI2S · πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπείθω: meaning 'epepoitheis'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ματαίοιςmataiosA1A DPN · μάταιοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμάταιος: meaning 'mataios'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ματαίαmataiosA1A NSF · μάταιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμάταιος: meaning 'mataios'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχὺςstrengthN3 NSF · ἰσχύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγενήθηegenetheVCI API3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'egenethe'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠβούλεσθεeboylestheV1I IMI2P · βούλομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβούλομαι: meaning 'eboylesthe'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀκούεινakoyoV1 PAN · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἀκούω: meaning 'akoyo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
16
ἀλλ' εἴπατε ἐφ' ἵππων φευξόμεθα διὰ τοῦτο φεύξεσθε καὶ εἴπατε ἐπὶ κούφοις ἀναβάται ἐσόμεθα διὰ τοῦτο κοῦφοι ἔσονται οἱ διώκοντες ὑμᾶς
But you said, 'We will flee on horses'; therefore you will flee. And you said, 'We will ride on swift mounts'; therefore your pursuers will be swift.
Their preferred strategy of speed and cavalry is turned back on them so that pursuit matches their chosen confidence.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴπατεeiponVAI AAI2P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'eipon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐφ'eph'P · ἐπιpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'eph'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἵππωνhorseN2 GPM · ἵπποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἵππος: meaning 'horse'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φευξόμεθαthey fledVF FMI1P · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφεύγω: meaning 'they fled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
φεύξεσθεpheygoVF FMI2P · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφεύγω: meaning 'pheygo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴπατεeiponVAI AAI2P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'eipon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κούφοιςkoyphosA1 DPM · κοῦφοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκοῦφος: meaning 'koyphos'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀναβάταιriderN1M NPM · ἀναβάτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀναβάτης: meaning 'rider'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐσόμεθαesomethaVF FMI1P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'esometha'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κοῦφοιswift / lightA1 NPM · κοῦφοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκοῦφος: meaning 'swift'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔσονταιesontaiVF FMI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'esontai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διώκοντεςpursuersV1 · παπνπμ διώκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ διώκω: meaning 'pursuers'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
17
διὰ φωνὴν ἑνὸς φεύξονται χίλιοι καὶ διὰ φωνὴν πέντε φεύξονται πολλοί ἕως ἂν καταλειφθῆτε ὡς ἱστὸς ἐπ' ὄρους καὶ ὡς σημαίαν φέρων ἐπὶ βουνοῦ
At the voice of one, a thousand will flee; at the voice of five, many will flee until you are left like a mast on a mountain or a banner on a hill.
Judgment leaves the nation scattered and reduced to a lonely signal on a hill.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἑνὸςoneA3 GSM · εἷςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεἷς: meaning 'one'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φεύξονταιpheygoVF FMI3P · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφεύγω: meaning 'pheygo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χίλιοιthousandA1A NPM · χίλιοιnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ measure or countχίλιοι: meaning 'thousand'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πέντεfiveM · πέντεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπέντε: meaning 'five'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φεύξονταιpheygoVF FMI3P · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφεύγω: meaning 'pheygo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πολλοίpolysA1 NPM · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'polys'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἕωςheosC · ἕωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: meaning 'heos'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνanX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'an'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταλειφθῆτεleipo kataVV APS2P · λείπω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyλείπω + κατα: meaning 'leipo kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἱστὸςmastN2 NSM · ἱστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱστός: meaning 'mast'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπ'upon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὄρουςmountainN3E GSN · ὄροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σημαίανbannerN1A ASF · σημαίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσημαία: meaning 'banner'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
φέρωνpheroV1 · παπνσμ φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ φέρω: meaning 'phero'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βουνοῦhillN2 GSM · βουνόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβουνός: meaning 'hill'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
18
καὶ πάλιν μενεῖ ὁ θεὸς τοῦ οἰκτιρῆσαι ὑμᾶς καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ὑψωθήσεται τοῦ ἐλεῆσαι ὑμᾶς διότι κριτὴς κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν ἐστιν καὶ ποῦ καταλείψετε τὴν δόξαν ὑμῶν μακάριοι οἱ ἐμμένοντες ἐν αὐτῷ
Yet God will again wait to show you mercy, and therefore he will be exalted to have pity on you; for the Lord our God is a judge. Blessed are all who remain in him.
After exposing rebellion, the chapter announces that God waits so that mercy, pity, and blessed endurance may have the last word.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάλινagainD · πάλινadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπάλιν: meaning 'again'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μενεῖremainVF2 FAI3S · μένωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureμένω: meaning 'remain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἰκτιρῆσαιoikteiroV1 AAN · οἰκτείρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementοἰκτείρω: meaning 'oikteiro'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑψωθήσεταιhypsothesetaiVC FPI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὑψόω: meaning 'hypsothesetai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλεῆσαιshow mercyVA AAN · ἐλεέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἐλεέω: meaning 'show mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διότιbecauseC · διότιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κριτὴςjudgeN1M NSM · κριτήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριτής: meaning 'judge'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνI / meRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστινestinV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'estin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποῦwhere?D · ποῦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastποῦ: meaning 'where?'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταλείψετεleipo kataVF FAI2P · λείπω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλείπω + κατα: meaning 'leipo kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξανdoxaN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'doxa'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μακάριοιblessedA1A NPM · μακάριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμακάριος: meaning 'blessed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐμμένοντεςmeno inV1 · παπνπμ μένω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ μένω + ἐν: meaning 'meno in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῷhe / she / itRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
19
διότι λαὸς ἅγιος ἐν Σιων οἰκήσει καὶ Ιερουσαλημ κλαυθμῷ ἔκλαυσεν ἐλέησόν με ἐλεήσει σε τὴν φωνὴν τῆς κραυγῆς σου ἡνίκα εἶδεν ἐπήκουσέν σου
For a holy people will dwell in Zion and Jerusalem; she has wept with weeping, and he will surely have mercy on you when he hears the voice of your cry.
Jerusalem's tears are not ignored; the Lord hears the cry and answers with compassion.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
διότιbecauseC · διότιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΣιωνZionN DSF · Σιωνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
οἰκήσειoikeoVF FAI3S · οἰκέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοἰκέω: meaning 'oikeo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
κλαυθμῷweepingN2 DSM · κλαυθμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκλαυθμός: meaning 'weeping'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔκλαυσενeklaysenVAI AAI3S · κλαίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκλαίω: meaning 'eklaysen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐλέησόνto have mercy onVA AAD2S · ἐλεέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἐλεέω: meaning 'to have mercy on'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεI / meRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐλεήσειeleeseiVF FAI3S · ἐλεέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐλεέω: meaning 'eleesei'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κραυγῆςcryN1 GSF · κραυγήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκραυγή: meaning 'cry'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡνίκαhenikaD · ἡνίκαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἡνίκα: meaning 'henika'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶδενhoraoVBI AAI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁράω: meaning 'horao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπήκουσένakoyo epiVAI AAI3S · ἀκούω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω + ἐπι: meaning 'akoyo epi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
20
καὶ δώσει κύριος ὑμῖν ἄρτον θλίψεως καὶ ὕδωρ στενόν καὶ οὐκέτι μὴ ἐγγίσωσίν σοι οἱ πλανῶντές σε ὅτι οἱ ὀφθαλμοί σου ὄψονται τοὺς πλανῶντάς σε
The Lord will give you bread of affliction and scant water, yet those who mislead you will draw near no more, and your eyes will see those who led you astray.
Affliction remains real, but deceptive guides no longer dominate the people's field of vision.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δώσειdidomiVF FAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'didomi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῖνyouRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄρτονbreadN2 ASM · ἄρτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄρτος: meaning 'bread'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
θλίψεωςafflictionN3I GSF · θλῖψιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθλῖψις: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
στενόνstenosA1 ASN · στενόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστενός: meaning 'stenos'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκέτιoyketiD · οὐκέτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκέτι: meaning 'oyketi'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγγίσωσίνeggisosinVA AAS3P · ἐγγίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἐγγίζω: meaning 'eggisosin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιyouRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλανῶντέςplanaoV3 · παπνπμ πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ πλανάω: meaning 'planao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμοίeyeN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὄψονταιopsontaiVF FMI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'opsontai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλανῶντάςplanaoV3 · παπαπμ πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπαπμ πλανάω: meaning 'planao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
21
καὶ τὰ ὦτά σου ἀκούσονται τοὺς λόγους τῶν ὀπίσω σε πλανησάντων οἱ λέγοντες αὕτη ἡ ὁδός πορευθῶμεν ἐν αὐτῇ εἴτε δεξιὰ εἴτε ἀριστερά
Your ears will hear the words of those behind you, saying, 'This is the way; walk in it,' whether to the right or to the left.
Where false prophecy once misled, a trustworthy word now directs the people in the right path.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὦτάearN3T NPN · οὖςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοὖς: meaning 'ear'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀκούσονταιakoyoVF FMI3P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀκούω: meaning 'akoyo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγουςwordN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀπίσωopisoD · ὀπίσωadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὀπίσω: meaning 'opiso'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πλανησάντωνplanaoVA · ααπγπμ πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπγπμ πλανάω: meaning 'planao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λέγοντεςlegoV1 · παπνπμ λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ λέγω: meaning 'lego'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὕτη: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδόςwayN2 NSF · ὁδόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὁδός: meaning 'way'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πορευθῶμενporeyomaiVC APS1P · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπορεύομαι: meaning 'poreyomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇhe / she / itRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἴτεeimiV9 PAO2P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεἰμί: meaning 'eimi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δεξιὰdexiosA1A NSF · δεξιόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδεξιός: meaning 'dexios'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἴτεeimiV9 PAO2P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεἰμί: meaning 'eimi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀριστεράaristerosA1A NSF · ἀριστερόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀριστερός: meaning 'aristeros'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
22
καὶ ἐξαρεῖς τὰ εἴδωλα τὰ περιηργυρωμένα καὶ τὰ περικεχρυσωμένα λεπτὰ ποιήσεις καὶ λικμήσεις ὡς ὕδωρ ἀποκαθημένης καὶ ὡς κόπρον ὤσεις αὐτά
You will remove the silvered and gold-plated idols, crush them fine, scatter them like polluted water, and cast them out like dung.
Restoration includes active repudiation of silver and gold idols, which are cast away as uncleanness.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξαρεῖςairo out ofVF2 FAI2S · αἴρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἴρω + ἐκ: meaning 'airo out of'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἴδωλαidolN2N APN · εἴδωλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεἴδωλον: meaning 'idol'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
περιηργυρωμέναargyroo periVM · χμπαπν ἀργυρόω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπν ἀργυρόω + περι: meaning 'argyroo peri'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
περικεχρυσωμέναchrysoo periVM · χμπαπν χρυσόω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπν χρυσόω + περι: meaning 'chrysoo peri'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λεπτὰpowderA1 APN · λεπτόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλεπτός: meaning 'powder'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ποιήσειςpoieoVF FAI2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureποιέω: meaning 'poieo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λικμήσειςlikmaoVF FAI2P · λικμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλικμάω: meaning 'likmao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀποκαθημένηςhemai apo kataV5 · πμπγσφ ἧμαι + ἀπο + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπγσφ ἧμαι + ἀπο + κατα: meaning 'hemai apo kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κόπρονdungN2 ASF · κόπροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκόπρος: meaning 'dung'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὤσειςoseisVF FAI2S · ὠθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὠθέω: meaning 'oseis'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτάhe / she / itRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτά: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
23
τότε ἔσται ὁ ὑετὸς τῷ σπέρματι τῆς γῆς σου καὶ ὁ ἄρτος τοῦ γενήματος τῆς γῆς σου ἔσται πλησμονὴ καὶ λιπαρός καὶ βοσκηθήσεταί σου τὰ κτήνη τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ τόπον πίονα καὶ εὐρύχωρον
Then there will be rain for the seed of your land, and the bread of your produce will be full and rich; on that day your cattle will graze in a broad and fertile place.
Rain, rich bread, and open pasture describe covenantal renewal in agricultural terms.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
τότεthenD · τότεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτότε: meaning 'then'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑετὸςrainN2 NSM · ὑετόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑετός: meaning 'rain'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπέρματιseedN3M DSN · σπέρμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσπέρμα: meaning 'seed'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρτοςbreadN2 NSM · ἄρτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρτος: meaning 'bread'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γενήματοςproduceN3M GSN · γένημαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγένημα: meaning 'produce'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πλησμονὴabundanceN1 NSF · πλησμονήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπλησμονή: meaning 'abundance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λιπαρόςliparosA1A NSM · λιπαρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλιπαρός: meaning 'liparos'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βοσκηθήσεταίboskoVC FPI3S · βόσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureβόσκω: meaning 'bosko'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κτήνηcattleN3E NPN · κτῆνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκτῆνος: meaning 'cattle'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκείνῃekeinῃRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐκείνῃ: meaning 'ekeinῃ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πίοναpionA3N ASM · πίωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπίων: meaning 'pion'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐρύχωρονeyrychorosA1B ASM · εὐρύχωροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐρύχωρος: meaning 'eyrychoros'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
24
οἱ ταῦροι ὑμῶν καὶ οἱ βόες οἱ ἐργαζόμενοι τὴν γῆν φάγονται ἄχυρα ἀναπεποιημένα ἐν κριθῇ λελικμημένα
Your bulls and oxen that work the ground will eat fodder mixed with barley and well-winnowed grain.
The prosperity reaches the beasts of burden and labor, showing the breadth of restoration.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ταῦροιbullN2 NPM · ταῦροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceταῦρος: meaning 'bull'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βόεςcattleN3 NPM · βοῦςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβοῦς: meaning 'cattle'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐργαζόμενοιworkingV1 · πμπνπμ ἐργάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ ἐργάζομαι: meaning 'working'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνearthN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
φάγονταιeatsVF FMI3P · ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐσθίω: meaning 'eats'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄχυραfodderN2N APN · ἄχυρονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄχυρον: meaning 'fodder'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀναπεποιημέναpoieo anaVM · χμπαπν ποιέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπν ποιέω + ἀνα: meaning 'poieo ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κριθῇbarleyN1 DSF · κριθήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκριθή: meaning 'barley'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
λελικμημέναlikmaoVM · χμπαπν λικμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπν λικμάω: meaning 'likmao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
25
καὶ ἔσται ἐπὶ παντὸς ὄρους ὑψηλοῦ καὶ ἐπὶ παντὸς βουνοῦ μετεώρου ὕδωρ διαπορευόμενον ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ὅταν ἀπόλωνται πολλοὶ καὶ ὅταν πέσωσιν πύργοι
On every high mountain and lofty hill there will be running water in that day, when many perish and towers fall.
High places receive flowing water in the very day when towers fall and many perish.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSN · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὄρουςmountainN3E GSN · ὄροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὑψηλοῦhighA1 GSN · ὑψηλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὑψηλός: meaning 'high'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
βουνοῦhillN2 GSM · βουνόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβουνός: meaning 'hill'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μετεώρουmeteorosA1B GSM · μετέωροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμετέωρος: meaning 'meteoros'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
διαπορευόμενονporeyomai diaV1 · πμπνσν πορεύομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσν πορεύομαι + δια: meaning 'poreyomai dia'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκείνῃekeinῃRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐκείνῃ: meaning 'ekeinῃ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπόλωνταιollyo apoVB AMS3P · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'ollyo apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πολλοὶpolysA1 NPM · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'polys'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέσωσινpiptoVF FAI3P · πίπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίπτω: meaning 'pipto'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πύργοιtowerN2 NPM · πύργοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπύργος: meaning 'tower'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
26
καὶ ἔσται τὸ φῶς τῆς σελήνης ὡς τὸ φῶς τοῦ ἡλίου καὶ τὸ φῶς τοῦ ἡλίου ἔσται ἑπταπλάσιον ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ὅταν ἰάσηται κύριος τὸ σύντριμμα τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν ὀδύνην τῆς πληγῆς σου ἰάσεται
The light of the moon will be like the light of the sun, and the light of the sun sevenfold, in the day when the Lord heals the fracture of his people and the pain of your wound.
The healing of the people's wound is matched by an intensified, transformed light in the heavens.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςphosN3T NSN · φῶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφῶς: meaning 'phos'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σελήνηςmoonN1 GSF · σελήνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσελήνη: meaning 'moon'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςphosN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφῶς: meaning 'phos'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡλίουηλιοςN2 GSM · ἥλιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἥλιος: meaning 'ηλιος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςphosN3T NSN · φῶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφῶς: meaning 'phos'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡλίουηλιοςN2 GSM · ἥλιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἥλιος: meaning 'ηλιος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑπταπλάσιονheptaplasionA1A NSN · ἑπταπλάσιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἑπταπλάσιος: meaning 'heptaplasion'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰάσηταιhealVA AMS3S · ἰάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἰάομαι: meaning 'heal'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σύντριμμαsyntrimmaN3M ASN · σύντριμμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσύντριμμα: meaning 'syntrimma'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhe / she / itRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀδύνηνpain / griefN1 ASF · ὀδύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀδύνη: meaning 'pain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πληγῆςblowN1 GSF · πληγήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπληγή: meaning 'blow'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἰάσεταιiasetaiVF FMI3S · ἰάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἰάομαι: meaning 'iasetai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
27
ἰδοὺ τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου διὰ χρόνου ἔρχεται πολλοῦ καιόμενος ὁ θυμός μετὰ δόξης τὸ λόγιον τῶν χειλέων αὐτοῦ τὸ λόγιον ὀργῆς πλῆρες καὶ ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ θυμοῦ ὡς πῦρ ἔδεται
Behold, the name of the Lord comes from afar, his anger burning with glory; the utterance of his lips is full of wrath, and his anger will devour like fire.
The closing judgment unit begins with the Lord coming from afar, his speech itself blazing with wrath.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χρόνουtimeN2 GSM · χρόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἔρχεταιis comingV1 PMI3S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔρχομαι: meaning 'is coming'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πολλοῦpolysA1 GSN · πολύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπολύς: meaning 'polys'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καιόμενοςkaioV1 · πμπνσμ καίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ καίω: meaning 'kaio'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυμόςthymosN2 NSM · θυμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθυμός: meaning 'thymos'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δόξηςdoxaN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδόξα: meaning 'doxa'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγιονutteranceN2 NSN · λόγιονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλόγιον: meaning 'utterance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειλέωνcheilosN3E GPN · χεῖλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχεῖλος: meaning 'cheilos'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhe / she / itRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγιονutteranceN2 NSN · λόγιονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλόγιον: meaning 'utterance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὀργῆςorgῆsN1 GSF · ὀργήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀργή: meaning 'orgῆs'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πλῆρεςpleresA3H NSN · πλήρηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπλήρης: meaning 'pleres'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀργὴorgeN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀργή: meaning 'orge'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυμοῦthymosN2 GSM · θυμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθυμός: meaning 'thymos'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔδεταιedetaiVF FMI3S · ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐσθίω: meaning 'edetai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
28
καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ὡς ὕδωρ ἐν φάραγγι σῦρον ἥξει ἕως τοῦ τραχήλου καὶ διαιρεθήσεται τοῦ ἔθνη ταράξαι ἐπὶ πλανήσει ματαίᾳ καὶ διώξεται αὐτοὺς πλάνησις καὶ λήμψεται αὐτοὺς κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν
His spirit will come like water in a ravine reaching to the neck, to shake the nations in vain delusion; delusion will seize them face to face.
His spirit functions like a torrent that reaches the neck and tosses the nations into delusion.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M NSN · πνεῦμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / she / itRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
φάραγγιgorgeN3G DSF · φάραγξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφάραγξ: meaning 'gorge'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σῦρονsyroV1 · παπασν σύρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασν σύρω: meaning 'syro'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἥξειhexeiVF FAI3S · ἥκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἥκω: meaning 'hexei'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςheosP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'heos'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τραχήλουneckN2 GSM · τράχηλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτράχηλος: meaning 'neck'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διαιρεθήσεταιahireo diaVC FPI3S · αἱρέω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἱρέω + δια: meaning 'ahireo dia'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ταράξαιtarassoVA AAN · ταράσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementταράσσω: meaning 'tarasso'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πλανήσειplanaoVF FAI3S · πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπλανάω: meaning 'planao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ματαίᾳmataiosA1A DSF · μάταιοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμάταιος: meaning 'mataios'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διώξεταιpursueVF FMI3S · διώκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδιώκω: meaning 'pursue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / she / itRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πλάνησιςdeceptionN3I NSF · πλάνησιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπλάνησις: meaning 'deception'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λήμψεταιlambanoVF FMI3S · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλαμβάνω: meaning 'lambano'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / she / itRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατὰkataP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'kata'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πρόσωπονfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνhe / she / itRD GPF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
29
μὴ διὰ παντὸς δεῖ ὑμᾶς εὐφραίνεσθαι καὶ εἰσπορεύεσθαι εἰς τὰ ἅγιά μου διὰ παντὸς ὡσεὶ ἑορτάζοντας καὶ ὡσεὶ εὐφραινομένους εἰσελθεῖν μετὰ αὐλοῦ εἰς τὸ ὄρος τοῦ κυρίου πρὸς τὸν θεὸν τοῦ Ισραηλ
Must you always rejoice and enter my holy places as though celebrating a feast, as if joyfully entering with a flute to the mountain of the Lord, to the God of Israel?
Liturgical and musical imagery sharpens the contrast between empty festal confidence and true approach to the God of Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δεῖdeoV2 PAI3S · δέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processδέω: meaning 'deo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐφραίνεσθαιto rejoiceV1 PMN · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementεὐφραίνω: meaning 'to rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσπορεύεσθαιporeyomai intoV1 PMN · πορεύομαι + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementπορεύομαι + εἰς: meaning 'poreyomai into'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιάholyA1A APN · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουI / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὡσεὶhoseiD · ὡσείadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'hosei'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἑορτάζονταςheortazontasV1 · παπαπμ ἑορτάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπαπμ ἑορτάζω: meaning 'heortazontas'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡσεὶhoseiD · ὡσείadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'hosei'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφραινομένουςπμπαπμ εὐφραίνωV1 · πμπαπμ εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπαπμ εὐφραίνω: meaning 'πμπαπμ εὐφραίνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰσελθεῖνerchomai intoVB AAN · ἔρχομαι + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'erchomai into'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐλοῦaylosN2 GSM · αὐλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαὐλός: meaning 'aylos'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄροςmountainN3E ASN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'toward'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
30
καὶ ἀκουστὴν ποιήσει ὁ θεὸς τὴν δόξαν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸν θυμὸν τοῦ βραχίονος αὐτοῦ δείξει μετὰ θυμοῦ καὶ ὀργῆς καὶ φλογὸς κατεσθιούσης κεραυνώσει βιαίως καὶ ὡς ὕδωρ καὶ χάλαζα συγκαταφερομένη βίᾳ
God will make the glory of his voice heard and show the fury of his arm with wrath, anger, devouring flame, violent thunder, water, and hail swept down with force.
The Lord's audible glory and visible arm erupt together in storm and fire imagery.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκουστὴνakoystosA1 ASF · ἀκουστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀκουστός: meaning 'akoystos'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ποιήσειpoieoVF FAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureποιέω: meaning 'poieo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξανdoxaN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'doxa'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωνῆςvoiceN1 GSF · φωνήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhe / she / itRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυμὸνthymosN2 ASM · θυμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυμός: meaning 'thymos'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βραχίονοςarmN3N GSM · βραχίωνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβραχίων: meaning 'arm'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhe / she / itRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δείξειdeiknyoVF FAI3S · δεικνύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδεικνύω: meaning 'deiknyo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θυμοῦthymosN2 GSM · θυμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθυμός: meaning 'thymos'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀργῆςorgῆsN1 GSF · ὀργήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀργή: meaning 'orgῆs'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φλογὸςflameN3G GSF · φλόξgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφλόξ: meaning 'flame'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατεσθιούσηςesthio kataV1 · παπγσφ ἐσθίω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσφ ἐσθίω + κατα: meaning 'esthio kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κεραυνώσειkeraynooVF FAI3S · κεραυνόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκεραυνόω: meaning 'keraynoo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βιαίωςviolentlyD · βιαίωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastβιαίως: meaning 'violently'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χάλαζαhailN1A NSF · χάλαζαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχάλαζα: meaning 'hail'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
συγκαταφερομένηphero syn kataV1 · πμπνσφ φέρω + συν + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσφ φέρω + συν + κατα: meaning 'phero syn kata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βίᾳforceN1A DSF · βίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceβία: meaning 'force'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
31
διὰ γὰρ φωνὴν κυρίου ἡττηθήσονται Ἀσσύριοι τῇ πληγῇ ᾗ ἂν πατάξῃ αὐτούς
For by the voice of the Lord the Assyrians will be defeated, by the stroke with which he strikes them.
The imperial enemy falls not by rival power but by the striking voice of the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἡττηθήσονταιhettethesontaiVC FPI3P · ἡττάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἡττάω: meaning 'hettethesontai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἈσσύριοιAssyriansN2 NPM · Ἀσσύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationἈσσύριοι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πληγῇblow / woundN1 DSF · πληγήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπληγή: meaning 'blow'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ᾗwho / whichRR DSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾗ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἂνanX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'an'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πατάξῃpatassoVF AAS3S · πατάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπατάσσω: meaning 'patasso'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςhe / she / itRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
32
καὶ ἔσται αὐτῷ κυκλόθεν ὅθεν ἦν αὐτῷ ἡ ἐλπὶς τῆς βοηθείας ἐφ' ᾗ αὐτὸς ἐπεποίθει αὐτοὶ μετὰ αὐλῶν καὶ κιθάρας πολεμήσουσιν αὐτὸν ἐκ μεταβολῆς
All around him, where he had placed his hope of help, on which he trusted, they will fight against him with flutes and lyres in turn.
The aftermath is marked by instruments and counterattack, turning the rout into a public reversal.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιestaiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'estai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷhe / she / itRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κυκλόθενkyklothenD · κυκλόθενadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastκυκλόθεν: meaning 'kyklothen'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅθενhothenD · ὅθενadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅθεν: meaning 'hothen'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦνenV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ participant referenceἦν: meaning 'en'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷhe / she / itRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλπὶςhopeN3D NSF · ἐλπίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βοηθείαςboetheiaN1A GSF · βοήθειαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβοήθεια: meaning 'boetheia'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐφ'upon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾗwho / whichRR DSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾗ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
αὐτὸςhe / she / itRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπεποίθειtrustedVXI YAI3S · πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπείθω: meaning 'trusted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὶhe / she / itRD NPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὶ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐλῶνaylosN2 GPM · αὐλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαὐλός: meaning 'aylos'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κιθάραςlyreN1A GSF · κιθάραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκιθάρα: meaning 'lyre'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πολεμήσουσινpolemeoVF FAI3P · πολεμέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπολεμέω: meaning 'polemeo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhe / she / itRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκout ofP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μεταβολῆςchangeN1 GSF · μεταβολήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμεταβολή: meaning 'change'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
33
σὺ γὰρ πρὸ ἡμερῶν ἀπαιτηθήσῃ μὴ καὶ σοὶ ἡτοιμάσθη βασιλεύειν φάραγγα βαθεῖαν ξύλα κείμενα πῦρ καὶ ξύλα πολλά ὁ θυμὸς κυρίου ὡς φάραγξ ὑπὸ θείου καιομένη
For you will be required from earlier days; a deep ravine has been prepared also for you to reign in, with wood laid and much fire, and the anger of the Lord burning it like a sulfurous torrent.
The final ravine image gathers the chapter's fire language into a prepared place of irreversible judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρὸproP · πρόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸ: meaning 'pro'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπαιτηθήσῃaiteo apoVC FPI2S · αἰτέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἰτέω + ἀπο: meaning 'aiteo apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandD · καίadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοὶ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡτοιμάσθηhetoimastheVSI API3S · ἑτοιμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'hetoimasthe'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βασιλεύεινbasileyoV1 PAN · βασιλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementβασιλεύω: meaning 'basileyo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φάραγγαvalley / ravineN3G ASF · φάραγξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφάραγξ: meaning 'valley'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βαθεῖανdeepA3U ASF · βαθύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβαθύς: meaning 'deep'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ξύλαxylonN2N APN · ξύλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationξύλον: meaning 'xylon'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κείμεναbeing setV5 · πμπαπν κεῖμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπαπν κεῖμαι: meaning 'being set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ξύλαxylonN2N APN · ξύλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationξύλον: meaning 'xylon'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πολλάpolysA1 APN · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπολύς: meaning 'polys'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυμὸςthymosN2 NSM · θυμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθυμός: meaning 'thymos'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὡςas / likeD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φάραγξvalley / ravineN3G NSF · φάραγξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφάραγξ: meaning 'valley'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑπὸhypoP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'hypo'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θείουsulfurA1A GSM · θεῖοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεῖος: meaning 'sulfur'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καιομένηπμπνσφ καίωV1 · πμπνσφ καίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσφ καίω: meaning 'πμπνσφ καίω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.