1
οὕτως λέγει κύριος ποῖον τὸ βιβλίον τοῦ ἀποστασίου τῆς μητρὸς ὑμῶν ᾧ ἐξαπέστειλα αὐτήν ἢ τίνι ὑπόχρεῳ πέπρακα ὑμᾶς ἰδοὺ ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ὑμῶν ἐπράθητε καὶ ταῖς ἀνομίαις ὑμῶν ἐξαπέστειλα τὴν μητέρα ὑμῶν
Thus says the Lord: What is the document of divorce of your mother by which I sent her away? Or to which creditor have I sold you? Behold, you were sold for your sins, and for your lawless deeds I sent away your mother.
The Lord uses legal imagery to deny that exile came from divine caprice; the break followed Israel’s own sins and lawless deeds.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
οὕτωςοὕτωςD · οὕτωςadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὕτως: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὕτως' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeλέγει: verbal form rendered 'say' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ποῖονwhatA1A NSN · ποῖοςadjectival or substantive nominative contributing description within the clauseποῖος: what sort of or which? here asking rhetorically for 'what nation?'.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
βιβλίονa certificate / documentN2N NSN · βιβλίονnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateβιβλίον: 'book / scroll / written document'; renders סֵפֶר; here a formal legal instrument; βιβλίον ἀποστασίου is the technical 'bill of divorce' (Hebrew סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת), cited by Jesus at Matt 19:7 / Mark 10:4 (βιβλίον ἀποστασίου).
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀποστασίουdivorceN2N GSN · ἀποστάσιονgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἀποστάσιον: a legal certificate of divorce; the Lord asks for proof of such a document to show that Zion’s exile did not arise from arbitrary repudiation.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῆς: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μητρὸςmotherN3 GSF · μήτηρgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionμητρὸς: lexical item rendered 'mother' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῶν: lexical item rendered 'your' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ᾧwhich / whomRR DSN · ὅςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseᾧ: lexical item rendered 'which / whom' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐξαπέστειλαI sentVAI AAI1S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ constative aorist of dispatchἐξαποστέλλω: send out; the king dispatched agents to carry out destruction.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseαὐτήν: lexical item rendered 'her' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἢorC · ἤconjunction linking clauses or phrasesἢ: connective rendered 'or' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τίνιwhoRI DSM · τίςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτίνι: lexical item rendered 'who' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑπόχρεῳcreditor / debtorA3 DSM · ὑπόχρεωςadjectival or substantive form contributing description within the clauseὑπόχρεῳ: lexical item rendered 'creditor / debtor' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πέπρακαsellVX XAI1S · πιπράσκωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ perfect indicativeπέπρακα: verbal form rendered 'sell' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμᾶς: lexical item rendered 'you' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἰδοὺ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'behold' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ταῖςὁRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseταῖς: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἁμαρτίαιςsinsN1A DPF · ἁμαρτίαdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectἁμαρτίαις: lexical item rendered 'sins' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῶν: lexical item rendered 'your' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐπράθητεsellVCI API2P · πιπράσκωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist passive indicativeἐπράθητε: verbal form rendered 'sell' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ταῖςὁRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseταῖς: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀνομίαιςlawless deedsN1A DPF · ἀνομίαdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectἀνομίαις: lexical item rendered 'lawless deeds' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῶν: lexical item rendered 'your' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐξαπέστειλαI sentVAI AAI1S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ constative aorist of dispatchἐξαποστέλλω: send out; the king dispatched agents to carry out destruction.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὴν: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μητέραmotherN3 ASF · μήτηρaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementμητέρα: lexical item rendered 'mother' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῶν: lexical item rendered 'your' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
2
τί ὅτι ἦλθον καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἄνθρωπος ἐκάλεσα καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ ὑπακούων μὴ οὐκ ἰσχύει ἡ χείρ μου τοῦ ῥύσασθαι ἢ οὐκ ἰσχύω τοῦ ἐξελέσθαι ἰδοὺ τῇ ἀπειλῇ μου ἐξερημώσω τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ θήσω ποταμοὺς ἐρήμους καὶ ξηρανθήσονται οἱ ἰχθύες αὐτῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ μὴ εἶναι ὕδωρ καὶ ἀποθανοῦνται ἐν δίψει
Why is it that I came and there was no man? I called and there was none who obeyed. Is my hand not strong enough to rescue, or do I lack strength to deliver? Behold, by my threat I will desolate the sea and make rivers a wilderness; their fish shall dry up because there is no water, and they shall die in thirst.
The unanswered coming and calling expose Israel’s refusal, while the sea and river imagery reassert that the Lord still possesses exodus-scale power.
Word-by-word analysis· 51 words
τίwhoRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτί: lexical item rendered 'who' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconjunction linking clauses or phrasesὅτι: connective rendered 'because / that' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἦλθονcomeVBI AAI1S · ἔρχομαιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἦλθον: verbal form rendered 'come' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionἦν: verbal form rendered 'be' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateἄνθρωπος: lexical item rendered 'man' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐκάλεσαcallVAI AAI1S · καλέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἐκάλεσα: verbal form rendered 'call' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionἦν: verbal form rendered 'be' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑπακούωνἀκούω + ὑποV1 · παπνσμ ἀκούω + ὑποfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionὑπακούων: verbal form rendered 'ἀκούω + ὑπο' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowμὴ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'not' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἰσχύειισχυωV1 PAI3S · ἰσχύωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἰσχύει: verbal form rendered 'ισχυω' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἡὁRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseἡ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
χείρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the genealogical or historical notice.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ῥύσασθαιdeliverVA AMN · ῥύομαιinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary verbal actionῥύσασθαι: verbal form rendered 'deliver' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἢorC · ἤconjunction linking clauses or phrasesἢ: connective rendered 'or' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἰσχύωbe strong / be ableV1 PAI1S · ἰσχύωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἰσχύω: verbal form rendered 'be strong / be able' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐξελέσθαιto deliverVB AMN · αἱρέω + ἐκinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary verbal actionἐξελέσθαι: verbal form rendered 'to deliver' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἰδοὺ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'behold' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῇ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀπειλῇthreatN1 DSF · ἀπειλήdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectἀπειλή: lexical item rendered 'threat' and interpreted according to its local poetic and syntactic role.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐξερημώσωwill lay wasteVF FAI1S · ἐρημόω + ἐκfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeἐρημόω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'will lay waste' here and used in the form demanded by the clause's immediate prophetic context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὴν: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
θάλασσανseaN1S ASF · θάλασσαaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementθάλασσαν: lexical item rendered 'sea' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
θήσωI will set / placeVF FAI1S · τίθημιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeτίθημι (fut. θήσω): 'place / set / appoint'; renders שִׁית / שׂוּם ('set'); the LORD himself 'sets' Israel's borders — the territorial grant is a divine act, not a human achievement.
ποταμοὺςriversN2 APM · ποταμόςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementποταμός: rivers and flowing waters subject to divine judgment.
ἐρήμουςdesolate / wildernessA1B APM · ἔρημοςadjectival or substantive accusative contributing description within the clauseἐρήμους: lexical item rendered 'desolate / wilderness' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ξηρανθήσονταιdry upVC FPI3P · ξηραίνωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future passiveξηρανθήσονται: verbal form rendered 'dry up' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseοἱ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἰχθύεςfishN3U NPM · ἰχθύςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateἰχθύες: lexical item rendered 'fish' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseαὐτῶν: lexical item rendered 'their' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following complementἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'from' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowμὴ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'not' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
εἶναιbeV9 PAN · εἰμίinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary verbal action→ presentεἶναι: verbal form rendered 'be' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementὕδωρ: lexical item rendered 'water' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀποθανοῦνταιhe diedVF2 FMI3P · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future middleθνήσκω + ἀπο: 'he died'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following complementἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δίψειdipseiN3E DSN · δίψοςdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectδίψος: a nominal term used here in the chapter's administrative, liturgical, genealogical, or covenantal discourse.
3
καὶ ἐνδύσω τὸν οὐρανὸν σκότος καὶ θήσω ὡς σάκκον τὸ περιβόλαιον αὐτοῦ
And I will clothe the heaven with darkness and make its covering like sackcloth.
Control of the heavens completes the argument: the God who darkens sky and sea cannot be accused of weakness.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐνδύσωδύω + ἐνVF FAI1S · δύω + ἐνfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeἐνδύσω: verbal form rendered 'δύω + ἐν' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸν: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐρανὸνheavensN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementοὐρανὸν: lexical item rendered 'heavens' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
σκότοςdarknessN3E ASM · σκότοςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementσκότος: lexical item rendered 'darkness' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
θήσωI will set / placeVF FAI1S · τίθημιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeτίθημι (fut. θήσω): 'place / set / appoint'; renders שִׁית / שׂוּם ('set'); the LORD himself 'sets' Israel's borders — the territorial grant is a divine act, not a human achievement.
ὡςὡςC · ὡςconjunction linking clauses or phrasesὡς: connective rendered 'ὡς' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
σάκκονsackclothN2 ASM · σάκκοςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementσάκκον: lexical item rendered 'sackcloth' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
περιβόλαιονcoveringN2N ASN · περιβόλαιονaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementπεριβόλαιον: lexical item rendered 'covering' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseαὐτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'his' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
4
κύριος δίδωσίν μοι γλῶσσαν παιδείας τοῦ γνῶναι ἐν καιρῷ ἡνίκα δεῖ εἰπεῖν λόγον ἔθηκέν μοι πρωί προσέθηκέν μοι ὠτίον ἀκούειν
The Lord gives me a tongue of instruction, to know in due time when it is necessary to speak a word; morning by morning he set it for me, he added an ear for me to hear.
The servant’s speech is learned, timely, and pastoral. He is trained to sustain the weary because the Lord first trains his hearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δίδωσίνgiveV8 PAI3S · δίδωμιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeδίδωσίν: verbal form rendered 'give' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
γλῶσσανtongueN1S ASF · γλῶσσαaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementγλῶσσαν: lexical item rendered 'tongue' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
παιδείαςinstructionN1A GSF · παιδείαgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπαιδεία: disciplined instruction or formation; in Isaiah 50 it marks the servant’s taught speech and receptive obedience.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
γνῶναιγιγνώσκωVZ AAN · γιγνώσκωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary verbal action→ aoristγνῶναι: verbal form rendered 'γιγνώσκω' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following complementἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καιρῷseason / timeN2 DSM · καιρόςdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectκαιρῷ: lexical item rendered 'season / time' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἡνίκαἡνίκαD · ἡνίκαadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἡνίκα: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'ἡνίκα' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δεῖit is necessaryV2 PAI3S · δέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeδεῖ: verbal form rendered 'it is necessary' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
εἰπεῖνsayVB AAN · εἶπονinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary verbal action→ aoristεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementλόγον: lexical item rendered 'word' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἔθηκένset / placeVAI AAI3S · τίθημιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἔθηκέν: verbal form rendered 'set / place' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πρωίmorningD · πρωίadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowπρωί: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'morning' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
προσέθηκέντίθημι + προςVAI AAI3S · τίθημι + προςfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeπροσέθηκέν: verbal form rendered 'τίθημι + προς' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὠτίονearN2N ASN · ὠτίονaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementὠτίον: lexical item rendered 'ear' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀκούεινhearV1 PAN · ἀκούωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary verbal action→ presentἀκούειν: verbal form rendered 'hear' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
5
καὶ ἡ παιδεία κυρίου ἀνοίγει μου τὰ ὦτα ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ ἀπειθῶ οὐδὲ ἀντιλέγω
And the instruction of the Lord opens my ears, but I do not disobey nor do I speak against him.
Opened ears become obedient ears, so the servant is marked by receptive submission rather than resistance.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἡὁRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseἡ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
παιδείαdiscipline / instructionN1A NSF · παιδείαnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateπαιδεία: nominal or descriptive term meaning "discipline / instruction" within the return, temple, or imperial-administrative narrative.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionκυρίου: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀνοίγειοἴγω + ἀναV1 PAI3S · οἴγω + ἀναfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἀνοίγει: verbal form rendered 'οἴγω + ἀνα' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὰ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὦταearN3T APN · οὖςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementὦτα: lexical item rendered 'ear' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐγὼI / meRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseἐγὼ: lexical item rendered 'I / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δὲδέX · δέparticle, connective, or indeclinable element within the clauseδὲ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'δέ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀπειθῶdisobeyV2 PAI1S · ἀπειθέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἀπειθῶ: verbal form rendered 'disobey' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconjunction linking clauses or phrasesοὐδὲ: connective rendered 'nor' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀντιλέγωspeak againstV1 PAI1S · λέγω + ἀντιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἀντιλέγω: verbal form rendered 'speak against' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
6
τὸν νῶτόν μου δέδωκα εἰς μάστιγας τὰς δὲ σιαγόνας μου εἰς ῥαπίσματα τὸ δὲ πρόσωπόν μου οὐκ ἀπέστρεψα ἀπὸ αἰσχύνης ἐμπτυσμάτων
I gave my back to scourges and my cheeks to blows; I did not turn my face away from the shame of spittings.
The servant’s obedience is costly. He accepts physical abuse and public shame without evasion.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸν: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
νῶτόννῶτοςN2 ASM · νῶτοςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementνῶτόν: lexical item rendered 'νῶτος' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δέδωκαgiveVX XAI1S · δίδωμιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ perfect indicativeδέδωκα: verbal form rendered 'give' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςpreposition governing the following complementεἰς: preposition rendered 'into / for' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μάστιγαςscourgeN3G APF · μάστιξaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementμάστιγας: lexical item rendered 'scourge' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τὰςὁRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὰς: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δὲδέX · δέparticle, connective, or indeclinable element within the clauseδὲ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'δέ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
σιαγόναςσιαγῶνN3W APF · σιαγῶνaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementσιαγόνας: lexical item rendered 'σιαγῶν' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςpreposition governing the following complementεἰς: preposition rendered 'into / for' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ῥαπίσματαblowN3M APN · ῥάπισμαaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementῥάπισμα: a slap or blow across the face, one element in the servant’s public humiliation.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δὲδέX · δέparticle, connective, or indeclinable element within the clauseδὲ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'δέ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementπρόσωπόν: lexical item rendered 'face' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀπέστρεψαστρέφω + ἀποVAI AAI1S · στρέφω + ἀποfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἀπέστρεψα: verbal form rendered 'στρέφω + ἀπο' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following complementἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'from' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
αἰσχύνηςshameN1 GSF · αἰσχύνηgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαἰσχύνης: lexical item rendered 'shame' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐμπτυσμάτωνspittingN3M GPN · ἔπτυσμαgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἔπτυσμα: spitting, the concentrated sign of contempt that the servant endures without turning away.
7
καὶ κύριος βοηθός μου ἐγενήθη διὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐνετράπην ἀλλὰ ἔθηκα τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ὡς στερεὰν πέτραν καὶ ἔγνων ὅτι οὐ μὴ αἰσχυνθῶ
And the Lord became my helper; therefore I was not put to shame, but I set my face like solid rock, and I knew that I would certainly not be ashamed.
Confidence does not come from toughness alone but from the Lord’s help, which makes the servant’s resolve rock-like.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
βοηθόςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateNominal or adjectival form meaning “helper” here.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐγενήθηbecomeVCI API3S · γίγνομαιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist passive indicativeἐγενήθη: verbal form rendered 'become' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing the following complementδιὰ: preposition rendered 'through / because of' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τοῦτοοὗτοςRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτοῦτο: lexical item rendered 'οὗτος' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐνετράπηντρέπω + ἐνVDI API1S · τρέπω + ἐνimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist passive indicativeἐνετράπην: verbal form rendered 'τρέπω + ἐν' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconjunction linking clauses or phrasesἀλλὰ: connective rendered 'but' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἔθηκαset / placeVAI AAI1S · τίθημιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἔθηκα: verbal form rendered 'set / place' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementπρόσωπόν: lexical item rendered 'face' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μουmy / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμου: lexical item rendered 'my / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὡςὡςC · ὡςconjunction linking clauses or phrasesὡς: connective rendered 'ὡς' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
στερεὰνsolid / firmA1A ASF · στερεόςadjectival or substantive accusative contributing description within the clauseστερεός: firm or solid; the servant sets his face like rock, expressing fixed resolve under trial.
πέτρανrockN1A ASF · πέτραaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementπέτραν: lexical item rendered 'rock' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἔγνωνγιγνώσκωVZI AAI1S · γιγνώσκωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἔγνων: verbal form rendered 'γιγνώσκω' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconjunction linking clauses or phrasesὅτι: connective rendered 'because / that' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'not' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowμὴ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'not' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
αἰσχυνθῶput to shameVC APS1S · αἰσχύνωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionαἰσχυνθῶ: verbal form rendered 'put to shame' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
8
ὅτι ἐγγίζει ὁ δικαιώσας με τίς ὁ κρινόμενός μοι ἀντιστήτω μοι ἅμα καὶ τίς ὁ κρινόμενός μοι ἐγγισάτω μοι
For the one who justifies me is near. Who is the one contending with me? Let him stand with me. And who is the one judging me? Let him come near to me.
The scene turns forensic as the servant summons any accuser into court, certain that the divine justifier is already near.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconjunction linking clauses or phrasesὅτι: connective rendered 'because / that' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐγγίζειdraw nearV1 PAI3S · ἐγγίζωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἐγγίζει: verbal form rendered 'draw near' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δικαιώσαςjustifyVA · ααπνσμ δικαιόωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionδικαιώσας: verbal form rendered 'justify' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μεI / meRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμε: lexical item rendered 'I / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κρινόμενόςjudgeV1 · πμπνσμ κρίνωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionκρινόμενός: verbal form rendered 'judge' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀντιστήτωἵστημι + ἀντιVH AAD3S · ἵστημι + ἀντιimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist imperativeἀντιστήτω: verbal form rendered 'ἵστημι + ἀντι' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἅμαtogetherD · ἅμαadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἅμα: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'together' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κρινόμενόςjudgeV1 · πμπνσμ κρίνωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionκρινόμενός: verbal form rendered 'judge' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐγγισάτωdraw nearVA AAD3S · ἐγγίζωimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist imperativeἐγγισάτω: verbal form rendered 'draw near' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
9
ἰδοὺ κύριος βοηθεῖ μοι τίς κακώσει με ἰδοὺ πάντες ὑμεῖς ὡς ἱμάτιον παλαιωθήσεσθε καὶ ὡς σὴς καταφάγεται ὑμᾶς
Behold, the Lord helps me; who will harm me? Behold, all of you shall grow old like a garment, and a moth shall consume you.
Opponents are reduced to something perishable: however threatening now, they decay like old fabric under the moth.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἰδοὺ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'behold' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
βοηθεῖhelpsV2 PAI3S · βοηθέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeβοηθέω: helps.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμοι: lexical item rendered 'to me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κακώσειharmVF FAI3S · κακόωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeκακώσει: verbal form rendered 'harm' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
μεI / meRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseμε: lexical item rendered 'I / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἰδοὺ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'behold' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or substantive nominative contributing description within the clauseπάντες: lexical item rendered 'all' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμεῖςσύRP NP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμεῖς: lexical item rendered 'σύ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὡςὡςD · ὡςadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowὡς: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'ὡς' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἱμάτιονgarmentN2N ASN · ἱμάτιονaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementἱμάτιον: lexical item rendered 'garment' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
παλαιωθήσεσθεgrow oldVC FPI2P · παλαιόωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future passiveπαλαιωθήσεσθε: verbal form rendered 'grow old' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὡςὡςD · ὡςadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowὡς: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'ὡς' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
σὴςmothN3T NSM · σήςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateσὴς: lexical item rendered 'moth' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καταφάγεταιἐσθίω + καταVF FMI3S · ἐσθίω + καταfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future middleκαταφάγεται: verbal form rendered 'ἐσθίω + κατα' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμᾶς: lexical item rendered 'you' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
10
τίς ἐν ὑμῖν ὁ φοβούμενος τὸν κύριον ἀκουσάτω τῆς φωνῆς τοῦ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ οἱ πορευόμενοι ἐν σκότει οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς φῶς πεποίθατε ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι κυρίου καὶ ἀντιστηρίσασθε ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ
Who among you fears the Lord? Let him hear the voice of his servant. Those who walk in darkness have no light for themselves; trust in the name of the Lord and rely on God.
The chapter addresses the God-fearing remnant directly, urging trust in the Lord even when light is absent.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following complementἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῖνσύRP DP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῖν: lexical item rendered 'σύ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
φοβούμενοςφοβέωV2 · πμπνσμ φοβέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionφοβούμενος: verbal form rendered 'φοβέω' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτὸν: lexical item rendered 'ὁ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementκύριον: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀκουσάτωhearVA AAD3S · ἀκούωimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist imperativeἀκουσάτω: verbal form rendered 'hear' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῆς: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
φωνῆςvoiceN1 GSF · φωνήgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionφωνῆς: lexical item rendered 'voice' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
παιδὸςservant / childN3D GSM · παῖςgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπαιδὸς: lexical item rendered 'servant / child' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseαὐτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'his' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseοἱ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πορευόμενοιwalkV1 · πμπνπμ πορεύομαιparticiple contributing verbal action while modifying the clause or nounπορευόμενοι: verbal form rendered 'walk' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following complementἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
σκότειskotosN3E DSM · σκότοςdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectσκότος: lexical item rendered 'skotos' with its ordinary sense in this chapter's narrative context.
οὐκοὐD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowοὐκ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'οὐ' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἔστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'be' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseαὐτοῖς: lexical item rendered 'them' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicateφῶς: lexical item rendered 'light' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πεποίθατεdo you trustVX XAI2P · πείθωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ perfect indicativeπείθω: 'do you trust'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following complementἐπὶ: preposition rendered 'upon / on' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῷ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὀνόματιnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectὀνόματι: lexical item rendered 'name' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionκυρίου: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἀντιστηρίσασθεστηρίζω + ἀντιVA AMD2P · στηρίζω + ἀντιimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist imperativeἀντιστηρίσασθε: verbal form rendered 'στηρίζω + ἀντι' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following complementἐπὶ: preposition rendered 'upon / on' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῷ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectθεῷ: lexical item rendered 'God' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
11
ἰδοὺ πάντες ὑμεῖς πῦρ καίετε καὶ κατισχύετε φλόγα πορεύεσθε τῷ φωτὶ τοῦ πυρὸς ὑμῶν καὶ τῇ φλογί ᾗ ἐξεκαύσατε δι' ἐμὲ ἐγένετο ταῦτα ὑμῖν ἐν λύπῃ κοιμηθήσεσθε
Behold, all you who kindle fire and strengthen a flame, walk by the light of your fire and by the flame that you have ignited. Because of me these things came to you: in grief you shall lie down.
Those who generate their own light appear secure for a moment, but their self-made flame ends in sorrow rather than salvation.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause’s emphasis or flowἰδοὺ: indeclinable or particle-like form rendered 'behold' according to its local role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or substantive nominative contributing description within the clauseπάντες: lexical item rendered 'all' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμεῖςσύRP NP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμεῖς: lexical item rendered 'σύ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementπῦρ: lexical item rendered 'fire' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καίετεkindle / burnV1 PAI2P · καίωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeκαίετε: verbal form rendered 'kindle / burn' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κατισχύετεἰσχύω + καταV1 PAI2P · ἰσχύω + καταfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ present indicativeκατισχύετε: verbal form rendered 'ἰσχύω + κατα' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
φλόγαflameN3G ASF · φλόξaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complementφλόξ: flame.
πορεύεσθεwalkV1 PMI2P · πορεύομαιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertionπορεύεσθε: verbal form rendered 'walk' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῷ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
φωτὶlightN3T DSN · φῶςdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectφωτὶ: lexical item rendered 'light' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
πυρὸςfireN3 GSN · πῦρgenitive nominal element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπυρὸς: lexical item rendered 'fire' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῶν: lexical item rendered 'your' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses or phrasesκαὶ: connective rendered 'and' here, shaping the rhetorical linkage of the sentence in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseτῇ: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
φλογίflameN3G DSF · φλόξdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectφλογί: lexical item rendered 'flame' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ᾗwhich / whomRR DSF · ὅςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseᾗ: lexical item rendered 'which / whom' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐξεκαύσατεκαίω + ἐκVAI AAI2P · καίω + ἐκfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist indicativeἐξεκαύσατε: verbal form rendered 'καίω + ἐκ' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
δι'throughP · διάpreposition governing the following complementδι': preposition rendered 'through' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐμὲI / meRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseἐμὲ: lexical item rendered 'I / me' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐγένετοbecomeVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ aorist middle indicativeἐγένετο: verbal form rendered 'become' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ταῦταοὗτοςRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseταῦτα: lexical item rendered 'οὗτος' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ὑμῖνσύRP DP · σύpronominal form marking reference, deixis, or participant role within the clauseὑμῖν: lexical item rendered 'σύ' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following complementἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, introducing its complement and marking relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
λύπῃgriefN1 DSF · λύπηdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect objectλύπῃ: lexical item rendered 'grief' here according to its local syntactic and prophetic role in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.
κοιμηθήσεσθεlie down / sleepVC FPI2P · κοιμάωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future passiveκοιμηθήσεσθε: verbal form rendered 'lie down / sleep' here, carrying the chapter's action or claim in Isaiah 50, where the Lord defends his power and the obedient servant speaks, suffers, and calls hearers to trust.