1
τάδε λέγει κύριος φυλάσσεσθε κρίσιν ποιήσατε δικαιοσύνην ἤγγισεν γὰρ τὸ σωτήριόν μου παραγίνεσθαι καὶ τὸ ἔλεός μου ἀποκαλυφθῆναι
Thus says the Lord: Keep justice and do righteousness, for my salvation is near to arrive and my mercy to be revealed.
The chapter begins with an ethical summons grounded in the imminent unveiling of God's saving action.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
τάδεthusRD APN · ὅδεaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὅδε: rendered 'thus' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
λέγειsaysV1 PAI3S · λέγωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ present active indicativeλέγω: rendered 'says' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
φυλάσσεσθεkeepV1 PMD2P · φυλάσσωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command→ present middle imperativeφυλάσσω: rendered 'keep' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
κρίσινjusticeN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseκρίσις: rendered 'justice' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ποιήσατεdoVA AAD2P · ποιέωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command→ aorist imperativeποιέω: rendered 'do' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseδικαιοσύνη: rendered 'righteousness' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἤγγισενdraw nearVAI AAI3S · ἐγγίζωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist active indicativeἐγγίζω: rendered 'draw near' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
γὰρforX · γάρconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowγάρ: rendered 'for' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
σωτήριόνsalvationN2N ASN · σωτήριονaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseσωτήριον: rendered 'salvation' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
παραγίνεσθαιarriveV1 PMN · γίγνομαι + παραinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present middle infinitiveπαρα: rendered 'arrive' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἔλεόςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseἔλεος: rendered 'mercy' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀποκαλυφθῆναιbe revealedVC APN · καλύπτω + ἀποinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ aorist passive infinitiveἀπο: rendered 'be revealed' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
2
μακάριος ἀνὴρ ὁ ποιῶν ταῦτα καὶ ἄνθρωπος ὁ ἀντεχόμενος αὐτῶν καὶ φυλάσσων τὰ σάββατα μὴ βεβηλοῦν καὶ διατηρῶν τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ μὴ ποιεῖν ἀδίκημα
Blessed is the man who does these things, and the person who holds fast to them, keeping the Sabbaths so as not to profane them and guarding his hands from doing wrongdoing.
The blessed person is defined by persevering covenant practice, especially Sabbath fidelity and restrained conduct.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
μακάριοςblessedA1A NSM · μακάριοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateμακάριος: rendered 'blessed' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἀνήρ: rendered 'man' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ποιῶνdoV2 · παπνσμ ποιέωparticiple describing attendant action, manner, or stateποιέω: rendered 'do' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseοὗτος: rendered 'these things' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἄνθρωποςpersonN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'person' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀντεχόμενοςhold fastV1 · πμπνσμ ἔχω + ἀντιmain verbal form advancing the clauseἔχω + ἀντι: rendered 'hold fast' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
φυλάσσωνkeepV1 · παπνσμ φυλάσσωparticiple describing attendant action, manner, or stateφυλάσσω: rendered 'keep' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
σάββαταSabbathsN2N APN · σάββατονaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseσάββατον: rendered 'Sabbaths' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μὴnotD · μήconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowμή: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
βεβηλοῦνprofaneV4 PAN · βεβηλόωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveβεβηλόω: rendered 'profane' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
διατηρῶνguard carefullyV2 · παπνσμ τηρέω + διαparticiple describing attendant action, manner, or stateδια: rendered 'guard carefully' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
χεῖραςhandN3 APF · χείρaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseχείρ: rendered 'hand' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μὴnotD · μήconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowμή: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ποιεῖνdoV2 PAN · ποιέωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveποιέω: rendered 'do' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ἀδίκημαwrongdoingN3M ASN · ἀδίκημαaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseἀδίκημα: rendered 'wrongdoing' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
3
μὴ λεγέτω ὁ ἀλλογενὴς ὁ προσκείμενος πρὸς κύριον ἀφοριεῖ με ἄρα κύριος ἀπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ μὴ λεγέτω ὁ εὐνοῦχος ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι ξύλον ξηρόν
Let not the foreigner who has attached himself to the Lord say, “Will the Lord really separate me from his people?” And let not the eunuch say, “I am a dry tree.”
The oracle voices the fears of those who assume their status excludes them from the covenant community.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
μὴnotD · μήconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowμή: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
λεγέτωsayV1 PAD3S · λέγωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct commandλέγω: rendered 'say' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀλλογενὴςforeignerA3H NSM · ἀλλογενήςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἀλλογενής: rendered 'foreigner' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
προσκείμενοςattach oneselfV5 · πμπνσμ κεῖμαι + προςmain verbal form advancing the clauseκεῖμαι + προς: rendered 'attach oneself' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςprepositional term marking relation within the clauseπρός: rendered 'to' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀφοριεῖseparateVF2 FAI3S · ὁρίζω + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeὁρίζω + ἀπο: rendered 'separate' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
μεIRP AS · ἐγώaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseἐγώ: rendered 'I' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἄραperhapsX · ἄραparticle softening the expectationἄρα: rendered 'perhaps' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἀπό: rendered 'from' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionλαός: rendered 'people' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
μὴnotD · μήconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowμή: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
λεγέτωsayV1 PAD3S · λέγωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct commandλέγω: rendered 'say' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
εὐνοῦχοςeunuchN2 NSM · εὐνοῦχοςhead noun within the clauseεὐνοῦχος: rendered 'eunuch' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowὅτι: rendered 'because' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἐγώIRP NS · ἐγώnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἐγώ: rendered 'I' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
εἰμιbeV9 PAI1S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ present active indicativeεἰμί: rendered 'be' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ξύλονtreeN2N NSN · ξύλονnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseξύλον: rendered 'tree' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ξηρόνdryA1A NSN · ξηρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseξηρός: rendered 'dry' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
4
τάδε λέγει κύριος τοῖς εὐνούχοις ὅσοι ἂν φυλάξωνται τὰ σάββατά μου καὶ ἐκλέξωνται ἃ ἐγὼ θέλω καὶ ἀντέχωνται τῆς διαθήκης μου
For thus says the Lord to the eunuchs: as many as keep my Sabbaths and choose the things I will and hold fast to my covenant,
The Lord answers the eunuchs' fear by naming the covenant loyalties that matter in his house.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
τάδεthusRD APN · ὅδεaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὅδε: rendered 'thus' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
λέγειsaysV1 PAI3S · λέγωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ present active indicativeλέγω: rendered 'says' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
εὐνούχοιςeunuchN2 DPM · εὐνοῦχοςhead noun within the clauseεὐνοῦχος: rendered 'eunuch' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὅσοιas many asA1 NPM · ὅσοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὅσος: rendered 'as many as' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἂνeverX · ἄνconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowἄν: rendered 'ever' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
φυλάξωνταιkeepVA AMS3P · φυλάσσωmain verbal form advancing the clauseφυλάσσω: rendered 'keep' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
σάββατάSabbathsN2N APN · σάββατονaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseσάββατον: rendered 'Sabbaths' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἐκλέξωνταιsayVA AMS3P · λέγω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseἐκ: rendered 'say' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ἃwhoRR APN · ὅςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὅς: rendered 'who' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἐγώ: rendered 'I' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
θέλωwish, wantV1 PAI1S · θέλωmain verb→ present active indicativeθέλω: rendered 'wish, want' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἀντέχωνταιhold fastV1 PMS3P · ἔχω + ἀντιmain verbal form advancing the clauseἔχω + ἀντι: rendered 'hold fast' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
διαθήκηςcovenantN1 GSF · διαθήκηgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionδιαθήκη: rendered 'covenant' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
5
δώσω αὐτοῖς ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ μου καὶ ἐν τῷ τείχει μου τόπον ὀνομαστὸν κρείττω υἱῶν καὶ θυγατέρων ὄνομα αἰώνιον δώσω αὐτοῖς καὶ οὐκ ἐκλείψει
I will give them in my house and within my wall a notable place better than sons and daughters; I will give them an everlasting name, and it shall not fail.
Those once marked by loss receive a permanent memorial within God's own household.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeδίδωμι: rendered 'give' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτοῖςto themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageαὐτός: rendered 'to them' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἐν: rendered 'in' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageοἶκος: rendered 'house' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἐν: rendered 'in' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τείχειwallN3E DSN · τεῖχοςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageτεῖχος: rendered 'wall' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseτόπος: rendered 'place' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὀνομαστὸνnotableAA ASM · ὀνομαστόςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὀνομαστός: rendered 'notable' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
κρείττωbetterA3C ASM · κρείσσωνaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseκρείσσων: rendered 'better' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionυἱός: rendered 'sons' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
θυγατέρωνdaughtersN3 GPF · θυγάτηρgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionθυγάτηρ: rendered 'daughters' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὄνομα: rendered 'name' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
αἰώνιονeverlastingA1B ASN · αἰώνιοςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseαἰώνιος: rendered 'everlasting' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeδίδωμι: rendered 'give' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτοῖςto themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageαὐτός: rendered 'to them' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowοὐ: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἐκλείψειfailVF FAI3S · λείπω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeἐκ: rendered 'fail' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
6
καὶ τοῖς ἀλλογενέσι τοῖς προσκειμένοις κυρίῳ δουλεύειν αὐτῷ καὶ ἀγαπᾶν τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου τοῦ εἶναι αὐτῷ εἰς δούλους καὶ δούλας καὶ πάντας τοὺς φυλασσομένους τὰ σάββατά μου μὴ βεβηλοῦν καὶ ἀντεχομένους τῆς διαθήκης μου
And to the foreigners who attach themselves to the Lord to serve him and to love the name of the Lord, to be his male and female servants, and to all who keep my Sabbaths so as not to profane them and who hold fast to my covenant,
The promise broadens from eunuchs to foreigners who bind themselves to the Lord in love, service, and covenant fidelity.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀλλογενέσιforeignerA3H DPM · ἀλλογενήςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageἀλλογενής: rendered 'foreigner' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
προσκειμένοιςattach oneselfV5 · πμπδπμ κεῖμαι + προςmain verbal form advancing the clauseκεῖμαι + προς: rendered 'attach oneself' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
δουλεύεινserveV1 PAN · δουλεύωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveδουλεύω: rendered 'serve' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageαὐτός: rendered 'to him' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἀγαπᾶνloveV3 PAN · ἀγαπάωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveἀγαπάω: rendered 'love' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὄνομα: rendered 'name' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
εἶναιbeV9 PAN · εἰμίinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveεἰμί: rendered 'be' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageαὐτός: rendered 'to him' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
εἰςintoP · εἰςprepositional term marking relation within the clauseεἰς: rendered 'into' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
δούλουςservantsN2 APM · δοῦλοςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseδοῦλος: rendered 'servants' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
δούλαςservantN1 APF · δούληsubject of εὗρενδούλη: rendered 'servant' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
πάνταςallA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
φυλασσομένουςkeepV1 · πμπαπμ φυλάσσωparticiple describing attendant action, manner, or stateφυλάσσω: rendered 'keep' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
σάββατάSabbathsN2N APN · σάββατονaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseσάββατον: rendered 'Sabbaths' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μὴnotD · μήconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowμή: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
βεβηλοῦνprofaneV4 PAN · βεβηλόωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveβεβηλόω: rendered 'profane' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἀντεχομένουςholding fastV1 · πμπαπμ ἔχω + ἀντιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying description or attendant circumstanceἔχω + ἀντι: rendered 'holding fast' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
διαθήκηςcovenantN1 GSF · διαθήκηgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionδιαθήκη: rendered 'covenant' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
7
εἰσάξω αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄρος τὸ ἅγιόν μου καὶ εὐφρανῶ αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τῆς προσευχῆς μου τὰ ὁλοκαυτώματα αὐτῶν καὶ αἱ θυσίαι αὐτῶν ἔσονται δεκταὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου μου ὁ γὰρ οἶκός μου οἶκος προσευχῆς κληθήσεται πᾶσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν
I will bring them to my holy mountain and gladden them in the house of my prayer; their whole burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be acceptable upon my altar, for my house shall be called a house of prayer for all the nations.
The inclusion promised is not abstract but liturgical: the nations are welcomed into accepted worship before God.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
εἰσάξωbring inVF FAI1S · ἄγω + εἰςmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeἄγω + εἰς: rendered 'bring in' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: rendered 'them' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
εἰςintoP · εἰςprepositional term marking relation within the clauseεἰς: rendered 'into' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὄροςmountainN3E ASN · ὄροςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὄρος: rendered 'mountain' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἅγιόνholyA1A ASN · ἅγιοςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseἅγιος: rendered 'holy' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
εὐφρανῶgladdenVF2 FAI1S · εὐφραίνωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeεὐφραίνω: rendered 'gladden' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: rendered 'them' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἐν: rendered 'in' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageοἶκος: rendered 'house' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
προσευχῆςprayerN1 GSF · προσευχήgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionπροσευχή: rendered 'prayer' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁλοκαυτώματαwhole burnt offeringsN3M NPN · ὁλοκαύτωμαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁλοκαύτωμα: rendered 'whole burnt offerings' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
θυσίαιsacrificesN1A NPF · θυσίαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseθυσία: rendered 'sacrifices' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future middle indicativeεἰμί: rendered 'be' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
δεκταὶacceptableA1 NPF · δεκτόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseδεκτός: rendered 'acceptable' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἐπί: rendered 'upon' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
θυσιαστηρίουaltarN2N GSN · θυσιαστήριονgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionθυσιαστήριον: rendered 'altar' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
γὰρforX · γάρconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowγάρ: rendered 'for' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
οἶκόςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseοἶκος: rendered 'house' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseοἶκος: rendered 'house' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
προσευχῆςprayerN1 GSF · προσευχήgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionπροσευχή: rendered 'prayer' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
κληθήσεταιcallVC FPI3S · καλέωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future passive indicativeκαλέω: rendered 'call' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
πᾶσινallA3 DPN · πᾶςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageἔθνος: rendered 'nation' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
8
εἶπεν κύριος ὁ συνάγων τοὺς διεσπαρμένους Ισραηλ ὅτι συνάξω ἐπ' αὐτὸν συναγωγήν
The Lord has said, the one who gathers the dispersed of Israel, that I will gather to him an additional gathering.
The God who regathers Israel announces that his work of gathering will extend beyond the already restored remnant.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist active indicativeεἶπον: rendered 'said' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
συνάγωνgatheringV1 · παπνσμ ἄγω + συνparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἄγω + συν: rendered 'gathering' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
διεσπαρμένουςthose scatteredVM · χμπαπμ σπείρω + διαfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clauseδια: rendered 'those scattered' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowἸσραήλ: rendered 'Israel' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowὅτι: rendered 'because' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
συνάξωgatherVF FAI1S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeἄγω + συν: rendered 'gather' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἐπί: rendered 'upon' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: rendered 'him' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
συναγωγήνgatheringN1 ASF · συναγωγήaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseσυναγωγή: rendered 'gathering' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
9
πάντα τὰ θηρία τὰ ἄγρια δεῦτε φάγετε πάντα τὰ θηρία τοῦ δρυμοῦ
All the wild beasts, come, eat; all the beasts of the forest.
The tone abruptly turns as predatory creatures are summoned, signaling vulnerability caused by failed guardians.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
θηρίαbeastsN2N NPN · θηρίονnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseθηρίον: rendered 'beasts' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἄγριαwildA1A NPN · ἄγριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἄγριος: rendered 'wild' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
δεῦτεcomeD · δεῦτεconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowδεῦτε: rendered 'come' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
φάγετεeatVB AAD2P · ἐσθίωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command→ aorist imperativeἐσθίω: rendered 'eat' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
θηρίαbeastsN2N NPN · θηρίονnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseθηρίον: rendered 'beasts' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionὁ: rendered 'of the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
δρυμοῦforestN2 GSM · δρυμόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionδρυμός: rendered 'forest' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
10
ἴδετε ὅτι πάντες ἐκτετύφλωνται οὐκ ἔγνωσαν φρονῆσαι πάντες κύνες ἐνεοί οὐ δυνήσονται ὑλακτεῖν ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι κοίτην φιλοῦντες νυστάξαι
See that they have all been blinded; they did not know how to understand. All are mute dogs; they will not be able to bark, dreaming, loving their beds, drowsing.
Israel's leaders are exposed as blind and useless watchdogs, incapable of discernment or warning.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἴδετεseeVB AAD2P · ὁράωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command→ aorist imperativeὁράω: rendered 'see' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowὅτι: rendered 'because' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐκτετύφλωνταιhave been blindedVM XPI3P · τυφλόω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseἐκ: rendered 'have been blinded' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowοὐ: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ἔγνωσανthey knewVZI AAI3P · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist active indicativeγιγνώσκω: rendered 'they knew' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
φρονῆσαιunderstandVA AAN · φρονέωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ aorist infinitiveφρονέω: rendered 'understand' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
κύνεςdogsN3 NPM · κύωνnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseκύων: rendered 'dogs' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐνεοίmuteA1A NPM · νέοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseνέος: rendered 'mute' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
οὐnotD · οὐconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowοὐ: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
δυνήσονταιshall be ableVF FMI3P · δύναμαιmain verb of impossibility clause→ future middle indicativeδύναμαι: rendered 'shall be able' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ὑλακτεῖνbarkV2 PAN · ὑλακτέωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ present infinitiveὑλακτέω: rendered 'bark' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ἐνυπνιαζόμενοιdreamingV1 · πμπνπμ ὑπνιάζω + ἐνmain verbal form advancing the clauseὑπνιάζω + ἐν: rendered 'dreaming' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
κοίτηνbedN1 ASF · κοίτηaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseκοίτη: rendered 'bed' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
φιλοῦντεςloveV2 · παπνπμ φιλέωparticiple describing attendant action, manner, or stateφιλέω: rendered 'love' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
νυστάξαιslumberVA AAN · νυστάζωinfinitive expressing purpose, result, or complementary action→ aorist infinitiveνυστάζω: rendered 'slumber' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
11
καὶ οἱ κύνες ἀναιδεῖς τῇ ψυχῇ οὐκ εἰδότες πλησμονήν καί εἰσιν πονηροὶ οὐκ εἰδότες σύνεσιν πάντες ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτῶν ἐξηκολούθησαν ἕκαστος κατὰ τὸ ἑαυτοῦ
And the dogs are shameless in soul, not knowing fullness, and they are evil, not knowing understanding; all followed their own ways, each according to his own interests.
The final verse identifies the leaders' core vice as greedy self-interest joined to moral and intellectual failure.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
κύνεςdogsN3 NPM · κύωνnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseκύων: rendered 'dogs' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἀναιδεῖςshamelessASH NPM · ἀναιδήςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἀναιδής: rendered 'shameless' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ψυχῇsoulN1 DSF · ψυχήdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageψυχή: rendered 'soul' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowοὐ: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
εἰδότεςknowVB · ααπνπμ οἶδαmain verbal form advancing the clauseοἶδα: rendered 'know' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
πλησμονήνfullnessN1 ASF · πλησμονήaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clauseπλησμονή: rendered 'fullness' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
καίandC · καίconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowκαί: rendered 'and' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
εἰσινbeV9 PAI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ present active indicativeεἰμί: rendered 'be' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
πονηροὶevilA1A NPM · πονηρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseπονηρός: rendered 'evil' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnector or particle shaping the clause's flowοὐ: rendered 'not' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
εἰδότεςknowVB · ααπνπμ οἶδαmain verbal form advancing the clauseοἶδα: rendered 'know' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
σύνεσινunderstandingN3I ASF · σύνεσιςaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseσύνεσις: rendered 'understanding' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional term marking relation within the clauseἐν: rendered 'in' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ὁδοῖςwayN2 DPF · ὁδόςdative term marking reference, means, location, or advantageὁδός: rendered 'way' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἐξηκολούθησανfollow afterVAI AAI3P · ἀκολουθέω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist active indicativeἀκολουθέω + ἐκ: rendered 'follow after' here; the verbal form advances the clause's action or exhortation in Isaiah 56.
ἕκαστοςeachA1 NSM · ἕκαστοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clauseἕκαστος: rendered 'each' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάprepositional term marking relation within the clauseκατά: rendered 'according to' here; this connective, particle, or preposition shapes the clause's relation and force in Isaiah 56.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative term functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive dependent marking possession, relation, source, or descriptionἑαυτοῦ: rendered 'his own' here; the nominal or adjectival form supplies a key participant, quality, or image within Isaiah 56.