independentparticipialrelativepurposecausecomparativecontentconditionalphrase modifierdashed = verbless / suspended
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The man in the Ausitis country 1:1–5
1
There was a certain man in the Ausitis country,independent — ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν — the Greek keeps the storybook opening; Uz becomes ἡ Αὐσῖτις
whose name was Job;relative — dative of possession — ᾧ ὄνομα Ιωβ
and that man was true, blameless, righteous, God-fearing,independent — the OG expands the Hebrew's four epithets to its own four — ἀληθινός, ἄμεμπτος, δίκαιος, θεοσεβής
abstaining from every evil thing.participial — ἀπεχόμενος — 'turning from evil' becomes total abstention, ἀπὸ παντὸς πονηροῦ πράγματος
2
And there were born to him seven sons and three daughters.independent — seven and three — the complete house
3
And his livestock was seven thousand sheep, three thousand camels, five hundred yoke of oxen, five hundred grazing she-donkeys, and a very great retinue of servants,independent — ὑπηρεσία πολλὴ σφόδρα — the household staff of a grandee
and great works were his upon the earth;independent — ἔργα μεγάλα — an OG PLUS: the Greek adds Job's great estates
and that man was well-born among the sons of the rising sun.independent — εὐγενής — 'greatest of the sons of the east' becomes NOBLEST: Greek rank for Hebrew wealth
4
And his sons, gathering with one another,participial — preposed participle — συμπορευόμενοι, leaning on the main verb below
would hold a drinking-feast each day,independent — καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν — the OG makes the feasting DAILY
taking along also their three sistersparticipial — συμπαραλαμβάνοντες — the sisters gathered in
to eat and drink with them.phrase modifier — the feast's whole agenda, in two infinitives
5
And whenever the days of the feast had run their course,conditional — ὡς ἄν + aorist — the iterative frame, leaning forward
Job would sendindependent — the father acts from a distance
and purify them;independent — ἐκαθάριζεν — the consecration become purification
rising early in the morning,participial — ἀνιστάμενος — preposed, leaning on the offering below
he would offer sacrifices for them according to their number,independent — the imperfects of habit — προσέφερεν
and one calf for sin, for their souls;phrase modifier — μόσχον ἕνα περὶ ἁμαρτίας — an OG PLUS: a sin-offering the Hebrew does not name, in the vocabulary of Leviticus
for Job said,cause — the motive clause
'Perhaps my sons have thought evil things toward God in their mind.'content — κακὰ ἐνενόησαν — the OG unwraps the Hebrew's euphemistic 'blessed' into plain 'thought evil'
So, then, Job would do all the days.independent — the exposition closes on habit
The first council: the Lord and the devil 1:6–12
6
And when that day came,conditional — ὡς ἐγένετο ἡ ἡμέρα αὕτη — the scene-shift, leaning forward
look — the angels of God cameindependent — οἱ ἄγγελοι τοῦ θεοῦ — the 'sons of God' become ANGELS in the Greek
to present themselves before the Lord,purpose — παραστῆναι — courtiers in attendance
and the devil came with them.independent — ὁ διάβολος — the satan's title rendered 'the SLANDERER': the word that became 'devil'
7
And the Lord said to the devil,independent — the dialogue opens from the throne
'From where have you arrived?'content — πόθεν παραγέγονας — the court's opening formality
And the devil, answering, said to the Lord,independent — ἀποκριθείς — the answering formula
'Having gone around the earth and walked about what is under heaven, I am here.'content — τὴν ὑπ' οὐρανόν — the patrol report, with the Greek's cosmological idiom
8
And the Lord said to him,independent — the Lord raises the case
'Did you attend in your mind to my servant Job?content — τοῦ παιδός μου — 'my servant/child': the honorific
For there is none like him of those on the earth —cause — the incomparability formula
a man blameless, true, God-fearing,phrase modifier — v. 1's epithets repeated — now in the Lord's own mouth
abstaining from every evil thing.'participial — the abstention clause completes the verdict, verbatim from v. 1
9
And the devil answered and said before the Lord,independent — the wager begins
'Does Job worship God for nothing?content — μὴ δωρεάν — 'gratis?': the book's central question in one adverb
10
Have you not fenced round what is outside him, and what is inside his house, and what is outside all that is his, round about?content — περιέφραξας — the hedge, itemized inside and out by the Greek
The works of his hands you have blessed,content — εὐλόγησας — blessing in its true sense, on the accuser's lips
and his cattle you have made many on the earth.content — the herds multiplied by God's own doing
11
But send forth your handcontent — ἀλλά — the wager's pivot
and touch all that he has —content — ἅψαι — a mere touch
surely he will bless you to your face!'content — εἰ μήν — the oath formula; the Greek says 'bless' where it means the curse
12
Then the Lord said to the devil,independent — the wager accepted
'Look — all that he has I give into your hand;content — δίδωμι — present tense: the handing-over happens as he speaks
only do not touch him.'content — the limit — the devil's own verb bounded
And the devil went out from the Lord.independent — the council adjourns
The four blows 1:13–19
13
And it was, on that day:independent — the earth-side of the same day
the sons of Job and his daughters were drinking wine in the house of their elder brother,independent — the feast in progress as the blow falls
14
and look — a messenger came to Job and said to him,independent — the first of four; ἰδού marks each arrival
'The yokes of oxen were plowing,content — ordinary work, the instant before
and the she-donkeys were grazing beside them,content — ἐχόμεναι αὐτῶν — close at hand
15
and raiders came and took them captive,content — οἱ αἰχμαλωτεύοντες — the OG generalizes the Sabeans to 'the captors'
and the servants they killed with swords;content — ἐν μαχαίραις — the first blood
but I alone was saved and have comecontent — σωθεὶς δὲ ἐγὼ μόνος — the survivor formula, first sounding
to report to you.'purpose — the survivor exists to carry the news
16
While this one was still speaking,conditional — ἔτι τούτου λαλοῦντος — genitive absolute: the relay formula
another messenger came and said to Job,independent — the second messenger
'Fire fell from heavencontent — the second blow, from the sky — the blows alternate human and heavenly
and burned up the sheep,content — the seven thousand of v. 3
and likewise consumed the shepherds;content — κατέφαγεν — the fire eats
and I alone was saved and have comecontent — the formula again
to report to you.'purpose
17
While this one was still speaking,conditional — the relay formula, third time
another messenger came and said to Job,independent — the third messenger
'The horsemen formed three columns against uscontent — οἱ ἱππεῖς — the Chaldeans become CAVALRY in the Greek
and encircled the camels and took them captive,content — the three thousand camels gone
and the servants they killed with swords;content — the reports rhyme, blow by blow
and I alone was saved and have comecontent
to report to you.'purpose
18
While this one was still speaking,conditional — the relay formula, fourth time
another messenger comes, saying to Job,independent — ἔρχεται — the historic present: the last messenger arrives before our eyes
'While your sons and your daughters were eating and drinking at their elder brother's house,conditional — genitive absolute — the idyll of v. 13 repeated in the messenger's mouth, leaning on what comes
19
suddenly a great wind came on from the desertcontent — ἐξαίφνης — the fourth blow, from the sky
and touched the four corners of the house,content — ἥψατο — the devil's verb ('touch', vv. 11–12) now literal on the house
and the house fell on your children, and they died;content — τὰ παιδία σου — the worst said plainly
and I alone was saved and have comecontent — the formula's final sounding
to report to you.'purpose
The Lord gave, the Lord has taken away 1:20–22
20
So Job, rising,participial — ἀναστάς — preposed participle, leaning on the verbs of grief
tore his garmentsindependent — διέρρηξεν — the mourning rite
and sheared the hair of his head;independent — the second rite
and falling to the ground,participial — πεσὼν χαμαί — preposed, leaning on the worship
he worshiped,independent — προσεκύνησεν — not the curse the devil promised, but prostration
and said,independent — the confession
21
'Naked I myself came from my mother's womb,content — αὐτὸς γυμνός — the emphatic self, stripped
and naked I shall depart there.content — ἐκεῖ — 'there': the womb become the earth
The Lord gave;content — ὁ κύριος ἔδωκεν
the Lord has taken away;content — ἀφείλατο — the same hand in both clauses
as it seemed good to the Lord,comparative — ὡς τῷ κυρίῳ ἔδοξεν — an OG PLUS with a long liturgical afterlife; leaning forward
so also it came to pass —content — οὕτως καὶ ἐγένετο — the plus completed: what happened is what pleased God
may the name of the Lord be blessed.'content — εὐλογημένον — the true blessing, where the devil predicted its opposite: the wager lost
22
In all these things that befell him, Job sinned not at all before the Lord,independent — τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν — the OG's summarizing plus: 'that befell him'
and did not charge God with folly.independent — ἀφροσύνην — the Hebrew's rare תִּפְלָה rendered 'folly'
Analysis. Old Greek Job 1, clause by clause. The OG tells the same two-stage story — earth, heaven, earth — but with its own accent at every turn: the sons of God are ANGELS, the satan is ὁ διάβολος ('the slanderer' — the word that became 'devil'), Job's greatness is εὐγένεια (noble birth), and the translator adds a sin-offering calf in v. 5, unwraps the Hebrew's euphemistic 'blessed' into plain 'thought evil,' and crowns Job's confession with the plus that entered the liturgy: 'as it seemed good to the Lord, so also it came to pass.' The narrative mainline runs flush-left; every speech hangs under its verb of saying, and the four messenger reports share one engineered shape — report, the survivor formula, and the purpose tail 'to report to you' — with the genitive-absolute relay formula ('while this one was still speaking') leaning forward between blows.