1
ἰδοὺ ταῦτα ἑώρακέν μου ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς καὶ ἀκήκοέν μου τὸ οὖς
Behold, my eye has seen these things, and my ear has heard them.
Job begins by claiming firsthand knowledge of the matters under dispute.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἑώρακένhas seenVX XAI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὁράω: meaning 'has seen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμὸςeyeN2 NSM · ὀφθαλμόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκήκοένhas heardVX XAI3S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀκούω: meaning 'has heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὖςearN3T NSN · οὖςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeοὖς: meaning 'ear'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
2
καὶ οἶδα ὅσα καὶ ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε καὶ οὐκ ἀσυνετώτερός εἰμι ὑμῶν
And I know what things you also understand, and I am not less intelligent than you.
He rejects the assumption that his friends possess superior understanding.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἶδαI knowVX XAI1S · οἶδαmain verb introducing Mattathias's judgment→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeοἶδα: meaning 'I know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb introducing Mattathias's judgment.
ὅσαas much asA1 APN · ὅσοςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὅσος: meaning 'as much as'; it serves as acc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
καὶandD · καίadverbial modifier of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
ἐπίστασθεyou understandV6 PMI2P · ἐπίσταμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐπίσταμαι: meaning 'you understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀσυνετώτερόςmore lacking in understandingA1B NSMC · ἀσύνετοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀσύνετος: meaning 'more lacking in understanding'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
3
οὐ μὴν δὲ ἀλλ' ἐγὼ πρὸς κύριον λαλήσω ἐλέγξω δὲ ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ ἐὰν βούληται
But for my part I will speak to the Lord, and I will reason before him if he wills.
Job shifts from the friends to his true aim: direct address to God.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴνmonthX · μήνconnective linking the clause to its context→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
λαλήσωI will speakVF FAI1S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ predictive future (the speech-act about to begin)λαλέω: meaning 'I will speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
ἐλέγξωI will argue / reproveVF FAI1S · ἐλέγχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐλέγχω: meaning 'I will argue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
βούληταιwishV1 PMS3S · βούλομαιFinite verb / predicate→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeβούλομαι: meaning 'wish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as Finite verb / predicate.
4
ὑμεῖς δέ ἐστε ἰατροὶ ἄδικοι καὶ ἰαταὶ κακῶν πάντες
But you are unjust physicians, and all of you are healers of evils.
The friends' counsel is recast as malpractice dressed up as care.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστεisV9 PAI2P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἰατροὶphysiciansN2 NPM · ἰατρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἰατρός: meaning 'physicians'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄδικοιunjustA1B NPM · ἄδικοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἄδικος: meaning 'unjust'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰαταὶhealersN1M NPM · ἰατήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἰατής: meaning 'healers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κακῶνwrongsA1 GPN · κακόςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκακός: meaning 'wrongs'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
5
εἴη δὲ ὑμῖν κωφεῦσαι καὶ ἀποβήσεται ὑμῖν εἰς σοφίαν
Would that it might be for you to keep silent, and it would become wisdom for you.
Job offers silence, not speech, as the wiser course for the friends.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
εἴηwere / would beV9 PAO3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionεἰμί: meaning 'were'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronoun functioning as dative complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
κωφεῦσαιto keep silentVA AAN · κωφεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκωφεύω: meaning 'to keep silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποβήσεταιἀποβήσεταιVF FMI3S · βαίνω + ἀποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeβαίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'ἀποβήσεται'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronoun functioning as dative complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
6
ἀκούσατε ἔλεγχον στόματός μου κρίσιν δὲ χειλέων μου προσέχετε
Hear the reproof of my mouth, and give attention to the judgment of my lips.
Having dismissed them, Job now demands a proper hearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἀκούσατεhearVA AAD2P · ἀκούωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ ingressive aorist imperative (give heed now)ἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἔλεγχονconvictionN2 ASM · ἔλεγχοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἔλεγχος: meaning 'conviction'; it serves as accusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement.
στόματόςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualification→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualification.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκρίσις: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χειλέωνlipsN3E GPN · χεῖλοςgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeχεῖλος: meaning 'lips'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
προσέχετεtake heed / bewareV1 PAD2P · ἔχω + προςmain verbal form advancing the clause→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionἔχω + προς: meaning 'take heed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
7
πότερον οὐκ ἔναντι κυρίου λαλεῖτε ἔναντι δὲ αὐτοῦ φθέγγεσθε δόλον
Will you not speak before the Lord, and utter deceit before him?
The friends' speech is exposed as deception offered in God's very presence.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
πότερονwhetherD · πότερονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπότερον: meaning 'whether'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἔναντι: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
λαλεῖτεspeakV2 PAI2P · λαλέωmain verb (prohibition)→ prohibitive present imperativeλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (prohibition).
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἔναντι: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
φθέγγεσθεyou utter / speak outV1 PMI2P · φθέγγομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeφθέγγομαι: meaning 'you utter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δόλονdeceitN2 ASM · δόλοςaccusative element functioning as object or complement within the saying→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδόλος: meaning 'deceit'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement within the saying.
8
ἦ ὑποστελεῖσθε ὑμεῖς δὲ αὐτοὶ κριταὶ γένεσθε
Or will you shrink back, while you yourselves become judges?
Job accuses them of usurping a judicial role that belongs to God.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑποστελεῖσθεwill you draw back / show partialityVF2 FMI2P · στέλλω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeστέλλω + ὑπο: meaning 'will you draw back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοὶhe / she / itRD NPM · αὐτόςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὶ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
κριταὶjudgeN1M NPM · κριτήςcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκριτής: meaning 'judge'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
γένεσθεit came to passVB AMD2P · γίγνομαιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
9
καλόν γε ἐὰν ἐξιχνιάσῃ ὑμᾶς εἰ γὰρ τὰ πάντα ποιοῦντες προστεθήσεσθε αὐτῷ
Surely it would be good if he searched you out, if while doing everything you were joined to him.
Job warns that divine examination would reveal the true quality of their loyalty.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καλόνgoodA1 NSN · καλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the proverb→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκαλός: meaning 'good'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the proverb.
γεindeedX · γέparticle or adverbial element shaping the clause or emphasis→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeγε: meaning 'indeed'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
ἐξιχνιάσῃsearched out thoroughlyVA AAS3S · ἰχνιάζω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἰχνιάζω + ἐκ: meaning 'searched out thoroughly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning as object or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
εἰifC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list items→ conditional / interrogative markerεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ποιοῦντεςdo / makeV2 · παπνπμ ποιέωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ participial/imperfectiveπαπνπμ ποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
προστεθήσεσθεyou will be added / attachedVC FPI2P · τίθημι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτίθημι + προς: meaning 'you will be added'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
10
οὐθὲν ἧττον ἐλέγξει ὑμᾶς εἰ δὲ καὶ κρυφῇ πρόσωπα θαυμάσετε
Nevertheless he will reprove you if, even in secret, you admire faces.
Partiality and face-regard will not survive God's judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
οὐθὲνουδειςA3 NSN · οὐδείςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeοὐδείς: meaning 'ουδεις'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
ἧττονlessA3C NSN · ἥσσωνsubject or predicate element within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἥσσων: meaning 'less'; it serves as subject or predicate element within the clause.
ἐλέγξειrebukeVF FAI3S · ἐλέγχωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristἐλέγχω: meaning 'rebuke'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning as object or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
εἰifC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list items→ conditional / interrogative markerεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κρυφῇkryphῇD · κρυφῇadverbial particle modifying the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκρυφῇ: meaning 'kryphῇ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρόσωπαfacesN2N APN · πρόσωπονdirect object of δείξητε→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπρόσωπον: meaning 'faces'; it serves as direct object of δείξητε.
θαυμάσετεyou will marvel at / favorVF FAI2P · θαυμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeθαυμάζω: meaning 'you will marvel at'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
11
πότερον οὐχὶ δεινὰ αὐτοῦ στροβήσει ὑμᾶς φόβος δὲ παρ' αὐτοῦ ἐπιπεσεῖται ὑμῖν
Will not his terrors whirl you, and fear from him fall upon you?
The rhetorical pressure rises as Job invokes the terror of divine confrontation.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
πότερονterrible thingsD · πότερονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπότερον: meaning 'terrible things'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχὶnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: meaning 'not'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
δεινὰwill whirl / convulseA1 NPN · δεινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδεινός: meaning 'will whirl'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
στροβήσειwill whirlVF FAI3S · στροβέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeστροβέω: meaning 'will whirl'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning as object or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
φόβοςfearN2 NSM · φόβοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπιπεσεῖταιfell uponVF2 FMI3S · πίπτω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπίπτω + ἐπι: meaning 'fell upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronoun functioning as dative complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
12
ἀποβήσεται δὲ ὑμῶν τὸ ἀγαυρίαμα ἴσα σποδῷ τὸ δὲ σῶμα πήλινον
Your boasting will become like ashes, and your body like clay.
Their proud self-presentation is reduced to fragile, earthly material.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἀποβήσεταιἀποβήσεταιVF FMI3S · βαίνω + ἀποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeβαίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'ἀποβήσεται'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγαυρίαμαprideN3M NSN · ἀγαυρίαμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀγαυρίαμα: meaning 'pride'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἴσαlike / equal toD · ἴσοςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἴσα: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σποδῷashesN2 DSF · σποδόςdative element marking reference, means, location, or advantage→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσποδός: meaning 'ashes'; it serves as dative element marking reference, means, location, or advantage.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σῶμαbodyN3M ASN · σῶμαdirect object of λούσεται→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσῶμα: meaning 'body'; it serves as direct object of λούσεται.
πήλινονmade of clayA1 ASN · πήλινοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπήλινος: meaning 'made of clay'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
13
κωφεύσατε ἵνα λαλήσω καὶ ἀναπαύσωμαι θυμοῦ
Be silent, that I may speak, and that I may find rest from wrath.
Job clears the room rhetorically so that he can speak his case without interruption.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
κωφεύσατεbe silentVA AAD2P · κωφεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκωφεύω: meaning 'be silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλήσωI will speakVA AAS1S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeλαλέω: meaning 'I will speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναπαύσωμαιI may find restVA AMS1S · παύω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπαύω + ἀνα: meaning 'I may find rest'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θυμοῦangerN2 GSM · θυμόςgenitive modifier→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeθυμός: meaning 'anger'; it serves as genitive modifier.
14
ἀναλαβὼν τὰς σάρκας μου τοῖς ὀδοῦσιν ψυχὴν δέ μου θήσω ἐν χειρί
Taking up my flesh with my teeth, I will place my soul in my hand.
The imagery signals extremity: Job is prepared to hazard himself completely.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀναλαβὼνhaving taken upVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ἀναparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or description→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ἀνα: meaning 'having taken up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or description.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σάρκαςfleshN3K APF · σάρξfirst direct object of ἐξέχεαν→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as first direct object of ἐξέχεαν.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀδοῦσινteethN3 DPM · ὀδούςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὀδούς: meaning 'teeth'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ψυχὴνlifeN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeψυχή: meaning 'life'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
θήσωI will set / placeVF FAI1S · τίθημιmain verb (divine promise of borders)→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardτίθημι: meaning 'I will set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (divine promise of borders).
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρίhandN3 DSF · χείρdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphere→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphere.
15
ἐάν με χειρώσηται ὁ δυνάστης ἐπεὶ καὶ ἦρκται ἦ μὴν λαλήσω καὶ ἐλέγξω ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ
If the Mighty One should lay hand on me, since he has even begun, yet surely I will speak and argue before him.
Even the threat of destruction does not stop Job from pressing his case.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐάνif / whatever mayC · ἐάνcoordinating conjunction linking the next clause or item→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐάν: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
χειρώσηταιshould overpowerVA AMS3S · χειρόομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeχειρόομαι: meaning 'should overpower'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνάστηςSovereignN1M NSM · δυνάστηςnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδυνάστης: meaning 'Sovereign'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
ἐπεὶwhenC · ἐπείtemporal conjunction (introducing protasis)→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐπεὶ: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandD · καίadverbial modifier of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦρκταιhad begunVM XMI3S · ἄρχωmain verb in content clause→ perfect middleἄρχω: meaning 'had begun'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb in content clause.
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴνmonthX · μήνconnective linking the clause to its context→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλήσωI will speakVF FAI1S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ predictive future (the speech-act about to begin)λαλέω: meaning 'I will speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλέγξωI will argue / reproveVF FAI1S · ἐλέγχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐλέγχω: meaning 'I will argue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
16
καὶ τοῦτό μοι ἀποβήσεται εἰς σωτηρίαν οὐ γὰρ ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ δόλος εἰσελεύσεται
And this will turn out for me unto salvation, for deceit will not enter before him.
Job's hope lies precisely in the fact that God cannot be met by fraud.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦτόthisRD NSN · οὗτοςdemonstrative (subject/predicate of nominal clause)→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτοῦτό: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as demonstrative (subject/predicate of nominal clause).
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἀποβήσεταιἀποβήσεταιVF FMI3S · βαίνω + ἀποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeβαίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'ἀποβήσεται'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σωτηρίανsalvationN1A ASF · σωτηρίαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
δόλοςdeceitN2 NSM · δόλοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδόλος: meaning 'deceit'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition in the clause.
εἰσελεύσεταιwent inVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'went in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
17
ἀκούσατε ἀκούσατε τὰ ῥήματά μου ἀναγγελῶ γὰρ ὑμῶν ἀκουόντων
Hear, hear my words; for I will announce them while you are listening.
The doubled imperative heightens the seriousness of what follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἀκούσατεhearVA AAD2P · ἀκούωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ ingressive aorist imperative (give heed now)ἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἀκούσατεhearVA AAD2P · ἀκούωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ ingressive aorist imperative (give heed now)ἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥήματάwordsN3M APN · ῥῆμαsubject of καταβήτω→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeῥῆμα: meaning 'words'; it serves as subject of καταβήτω.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἀναγγελῶlet me tell / I will declareVF2 FAI1S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναmain verb (volitive future)→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'let me tell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (volitive future).
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀκουόντωνhearingV1 · παπγπμ ἀκούωparticiple modifying the clause with attendant or descriptive force→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπαπγπμ ἀκούω: meaning 'hearing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the clause with attendant or descriptive force.
18
ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐγγύς εἰμι τοῦ κρίματός μου οἶδα ἐγὼ ὅτι δίκαιος ἀναφανοῦμαι
Behold, I am near to my judgment; I know that I shall be shown to be righteous.
Job stands on the verge of judgment with striking confidence in his vindication.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐγγύςnearD · ἐγγύςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐγγύς: meaning 'near'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κρίματόςjudgment / caseN3M GSN · κρίμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
οἶδαI knowVX XAI1S · οἶδαmain verb introducing Mattathias's judgment→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeοἶδα: meaning 'I know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb introducing Mattathias's judgment.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςadjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as adjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation.
ἀναφανοῦμαιI shall be revealedVF2 FMI1S · φαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeφαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'I shall be revealed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
19
τίς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ κριθησόμενός μοι ὅτι νῦν κωφεύσω καὶ ἐκλείψω
For who is the one who will contend with me? For now, if I keep silent, I will fail away.
Silence is not safety for Job but extinction; therefore contest is necessary.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle shaping the clause relation→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeγάρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κριθησόμενόςthe one who will be judged / contendVC · φππνσμ κρίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeφππνσμ κρίνω: meaning 'the one who will be judged'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κωφεύσωI will keep silentVF FAI1S · κωφεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκωφεύω: meaning 'I will keep silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκλείψωI will fade awayVF FAI1S · λείπω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeλείπω + ἐκ: meaning 'I will fade away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
20
δυεῖν δέ μοι χρήσῃ τότε ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου σου οὐ κρυβήσομαι
Grant me only two things, and then I will not hide from your face.
Job narrows his request to the minimum conditions needed for a fair hearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
δυεῖνtwo thingsM DPN · δύοadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδυεῖν: meaning 'two things'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
χρήσῃyou would grant / use towardVF FMI2S · χράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeχράω: meaning 'you would grant'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τότεthenD · τότεadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceτότε: meaning 'then'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
κρυβήσομαιI will be hiddenVD FPI1S · κρύπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκρύπτω: meaning 'I will be hidden'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
21
τὴν χεῖρα ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ἀπέχου καὶ ὁ φόβος σου μή με καταπλησσέτω
Keep your hand away from me, and let not your fear terrify me.
The two petitions are restraint of force and restraint of terror.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χεῖραhandN3 ASF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ἐμοῦIRP GS · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀπέχουkeep farV1 PMD2S · ἔχω + ἀποimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command→ present middleἔχω + ἀπο: meaning 'keep far'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φόβοςfearN2 NSM · φόβοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
μήnotD · μήadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμή: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καταπλησσέτωlet it terrify completelyV1 PAD3S · πλήσσω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπλήσσω + κατα: meaning 'let it terrify completely'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
22
εἶτα καλέσεις ἐγὼ δέ σοι ὑπακούσομαι ἢ λαλήσεις ἐγὼ δέ σοι δώσω ἀνταπόκρισιν
Then you will call, and I will listen to you; or you will speak, and I will give you an answer.
Job imagines an orderly exchange rather than a crushing silence.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
εἶταthenD · εἶταadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeεἶτα: meaning 'then'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
καλέσειςyou callVF FAI2S · καλέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeκαλέω: meaning 'you call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὑπακούσομαιI will listenVF FMI1S · ἀκούω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀκούω + ὑπο: meaning 'I will listen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλήσειςspokeVF FAI2S · λαλέωmain verb (speech-introducing formula)→ constative aoristλαλέω: meaning 'spoke'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (speech-introducing formula).
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ future force: points to action still aheadδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἀνταπόκρισινanswer / replyN3I ASF · ἀνταπόκρισιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀνταπόκρισις: meaning 'answer'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
23
πόσαι εἰσὶν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι μου καὶ αἱ ἀνομίαι μου δίδαξόν με τίνες εἰσίν
How many are my sins and my lawless deeds? Teach me what they are.
The direct request is simple: if there is guilt, let it be specified.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
πόσαιhow much / how littleA1 NPF · πόσοςnominative term functioning in the clause core→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπόσος: meaning 'how much'; it serves as nominative term functioning in the clause core.
εἰσὶνbeV9 PAI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the narrative or command→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or command.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἁμαρτίαιsinN1A NPF · ἁμαρτίαnominal term functioning as a nominative term→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a nominative term.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀνομίαιanomiaN1A NPF · ἀνομίαnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀνομία: meaning 'anomia'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
δίδαξόνteachVA AAD2S · διδάσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδιδάσκω: meaning 'teach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τίνεςwho?RI NPM · τίςnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτίς: meaning 'who?'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
εἰσίνbeV9 PAI3P · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ statementεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
24
διὰ τί ἀπ' ἐμοῦ κρύπτῃ ἥγησαι δέ με ὑπεναντίον σοι
Why do you hide yourself from me, and count me as one set against you?
The complaint now turns fully Godward: hiddenness feels like hostility.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ἐμοῦIRP GS · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
κρύπτῃyou hideV1 PMI2S · κρύπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκρύπτω: meaning 'you hide'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἥγησαιyou regard / countVM XMI2S · ἡγέομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἡγέομαι: meaning 'you regard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὑπεναντίονadversary / one oppositeA1A ASM · ὑπεναντίοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὑπεναντίος: meaning 'adversary'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
25
ἦ ὡς φύλλον κινούμενον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου εὐλαβηθήσῃ ἢ ὡς χόρτῳ φερομένῳ ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἀντίκεισαί μοι
Will you be alarmed at a leaf moved by the wind, or set yourself against dry grass carried by the spirit?
Job pictures himself as insubstantial and already weakened, making divine pursuit seem disproportionate.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
φύλλονleafN2N ASN · φύλλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeφύλλον: meaning 'leaf'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κινούμενονbeing movedV2 · πππασν κινέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπππασν κινέω: meaning 'being moved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement.
ἀνέμουwindN2 GSM · ἄνεμοςgenitive term qualifying a related noun or expression→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἄνεμος: meaning 'wind'; it serves as genitive term qualifying a related noun or expression.
εὐλαβηθήσῃwill you be alarmed atVC FPI2S · εὐλαβέομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeεὐλαβέομαι: meaning 'will you be alarmed at'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
χόρτῳgrassN2 DSM · χόρτοςdative nominal element marking reference, means, or advantage→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeχόρτος: meaning 'grass'; it serves as dative nominal element marking reference, means, or advantage.
φερομένῳbeing carriedV1 · πππδσμ φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπππδσμ φέρω: meaning 'being carried'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement.
πνεύματοςspiritN3M GSN · πνεῦμαnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἀντίκεισαίto be set againstV5 PMI2S · κεῖμαι + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκεῖμαι + ἀντι: meaning 'to be set against'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
26
ὅτι κατέγραψας κατ' ἐμοῦ κακά περιέθηκας δέ μοι νεότητος ἁμαρτίας
For you have written bitter things against me, and you have laid upon me the sins of my youth.
Job experiences God's case against him as an accumulated written indictment.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέγραψαςyou have written downVAI AAI2S · γράφω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeγράφω + κατα: meaning 'you have written down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατ'againstP · κατάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατ': meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἐμοῦIRP GS · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
κακάevilA1 APN · κακόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
περιέθηκαςyou have laid uponVAI AAI2S · τίθημι + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτίθημι + περι: meaning 'you have laid upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
νεότητοςyouthN3T GSF · νεότηςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeνεότης: meaning 'youth'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A APF · ἁμαρτίαnominal term functioning as a accusative complement→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a accusative complement.
27
ἔθου δέ μου τὸν πόδα ἐν κωλύματι ἐφύλαξας δέ μου πάντα τὰ ἔργα εἰς δὲ ῥίζας τῶν ποδῶν μου ἀφίκου
And you have put my foot in a restraint, and watched all my works; you have come to the very roots of my feet.
Job feels fenced in, scrutinized, and tracked down to the smallest trace.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ἔθουappointedVEI AMI2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeτίθημι: meaning 'appointed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόδαfootN3D ASM · πούςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κωλύματιrestraint / stocksN3M DSN · κώλυμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeκώλυμα: meaning 'restraint'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐφύλαξαςyou shall keepVAI AAI2S · φυλάσσωmain verb (imperatival future)→ present infinitive (ongoing observance)φυλάσσω: meaning 'you shall keep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (imperatival future).
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ῥίζαςrootsN1S APF · ῥίζαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeῥίζα: meaning 'roots'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποδῶνfootN3D GPM · πούςgenitive dependent→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as genitive dependent.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἀφίκουyou have come toVB AMI2S · ἱκνέομαι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἱκνέομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'you have come to'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
28
ὃ παλαιοῦται ἴσα ἀσκῷ ἢ ὥσπερ ἱμάτιον σητόβρωτον
He grows old like a skin-bag, or like a garment eaten by moths.
The chapter closes on the image of the human person as something already wearing out beyond repair.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ὃwhichRR NSN · ὅςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
παλαιοῦταιgrows old / decaysV4 PPI3S · παλαιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeπαλαιόω: meaning 'grows old'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἴσαlike / equal toD · ἴσοςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἴσα: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσκῷskin-bag / wineskinN2 DSM · ἀσκόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἀσκός: meaning 'skin-bag'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἱμάτιονgarment / cloakN2N NSN · ἱμάτιονnominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeἱμάτιον: meaning 'garment'; it serves as nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σητόβρωτονmoth-eatenA1B NSN · σητόβρωτονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ lawsuit, hiddenness, and risky hopeσητόβρωτον: meaning 'moth-eaten'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.