1
ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ιωβ λέγει
Then Job answered and said,
The verse simply frames the beginning of Job's reply.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
ὑπολαβὼνsupposeVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑποparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description→ prospering wicked and false comfortααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑπο: meaning 'suppose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωβJobN NSM · Ιωβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortΙωβ: meaning 'Job'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
2
ἀκούσατε ἀκούσατέ μου τῶν λόγων ἵνα μὴ ᾖ μοι παρ' ὑμῶν αὕτη ἡ παράκλησις
Hear, yes hear, my words, and let this be the comfort you give me.
Job begins by asking for real attention, defining true comfort as quiet listening.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἀκούσατεhearVA AAD2P · ἀκούωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ ingressive aorist imperative (give heed now)ἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἀκούσατέheardVA AAD2P · ἀκούωimperative verb→ aoristic commandἀκούω: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperative verb.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγωνthing / wordN2 GPM · λόγοςgenitive dependent→ prospering wicked and false comfortλόγος: meaning 'thing'; it serves as genitive dependent.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ᾖeimiV9 PAS3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or state→ verbal action in summary styleεἰμί: meaning 'eimi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or state.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ prospering wicked and false comfortὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortαὕτη: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παράκλησιςcomfortN3I NSF · παράκλησιςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicate within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαράκλησις: meaning 'comfort'; it serves as nominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicate within the clause.
3
ἄρατέ με ἐγὼ δὲ λαλήσω εἶτ' οὐ καταγελάσετέ μου
Bear with me, and I will speak; then you may laugh me to scorn.
He asks for a hearing first and only then grants them leave to mock if they wish.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἄρατέbear withVA AAD2P · αἴρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortαἴρω: meaning 'bear with'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλήσωI will speakVF FAI1S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ predictive future (the speech-act about to begin)λαλέω: meaning 'I will speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
εἶτ'thenD · εἶταadverbial element shaping manner, emphasis, or clause relation→ prospering wicked and false comfortεἶτα: meaning 'then'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
καταγελάσετέlaugh atVF FAI2P · γελάω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortγελάω + κατα: meaning 'laugh at'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
4
τί γάρ μὴ ἀνθρώπου μου ἡ ἔλεγξις ἢ διὰ τί οὐ θυμωθήσομαι
For is my complaint against a man? And why should I not be angry?
Job explains that his agitation is justified because his case is not merely against human opponents.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle shaping the clause relation→ prospering wicked and false comfortγάρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ prospering wicked and false comfortἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεγξιςcomplaintN3I NSF · ἔλεγξιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortἔλεγξις: meaning 'complaint'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
θυμωθήσομαιbe angryVC FPI1S · θυμόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortθυμόω: meaning 'be angry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
εἰσβλέψαντες εἰς ἐμὲ θαυμάσατε χεῖρα θέντες ἐπὶ σιαγόνι
Look at me and marvel, placing your hand upon your cheek.
He calls for astonished silence before the spectacle of his condition.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
εἰσβλέψαντεςlook onVA · ααπνπμ βλέπω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortααπνπμ βλέπω + εἰς: meaning 'look on'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐμὲmeRP AS · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐμὲ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
θαυμάσατεwonderVA AAD2P · θαυμάζωimperative verb→ prospering wicked and false comfortθαυμάζω: meaning 'wonder'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperative verb.
χεῖραhandN3 ASF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
θέντεςhaving placedVE · ααπνπμ τίθημιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortααπνπμ τίθημι: meaning 'having placed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σιαγόνιcheekN3N DSF · σιαγώνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ prospering wicked and false comfortσιαγών: meaning 'cheek'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
6
ἐάν τε γὰρ μνησθῶ ἐσπούδακα ἔχουσιν δέ μου τὰς σάρκας ὀδύναι
For even if I remember, I am shaken, and pains seize my flesh.
The memory of his situation still throws Job into bodily dread.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐάνif / whatever mayC · ἐάνcoordinating conjunction linking the next clause or item→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐάν: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεandX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μνησθῶrememberVS APS1S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortμιμνήσκω: meaning 'remember'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐσπούδακαam troubledVX XAI1S · σπουδάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortσπουδάζω: meaning 'am troubled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔχουσινεχωV1 PAI3P · ἔχωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἔχω: meaning 'εχω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σάρκαςfleshN3K APF · σάρξfirst direct object of ἐξέχεαν→ prospering wicked and false comfortσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as first direct object of ἐξέχεαν.
ὀδύναιpainsN1 NPF · ὀδύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortὀδύνη: meaning 'pains'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
7
διὰ τί ἀσεβεῖς ζῶσιν πεπαλαίωνται δὲ καὶ ἐν πλούτῳ
Why do the ungodly live, grow old, and even abound in wealth?
Here Job states the chapter's central problem: the wicked plainly thrive.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἀσεβεῖςungodlyA3H NPM · ἀσεβήςsecond predicate-adjectival modifier of ἄνδρες→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as second predicate-adjectival modifier of ἄνδρες.
ζῶσινliveV3 PAI3P · ζάωverbal element carrying the clause action→ prospering wicked and false comfortζάω: meaning 'live'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the clause action.
πεπαλαίωνταιgrow oldVM XMI3P · παλαιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαλαιόω: meaning 'grow old'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πλούτῳwealthN2 DSM · πλοῦτοςdative complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortπλοῦτος: meaning 'wealth'; it serves as dative complement.
8
ὁ σπόρος αὐτῶν κατὰ ψυχήν τὰ δὲ τέκνα αὐτῶν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς
Their offspring stand before them, and their children are before their eyes.
The prosperity of the wicked includes visible continuity through children and descendants.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπόροςtheN2 NSM · σπόροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or heading term→ prospering wicked and false comfortσπόρος: meaning 'the'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or heading term.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τέκναchildN2N NPN · τέκνονsubject of the verbal action→ prospering wicked and false comfortτέκνον: meaning 'child'; it serves as subject of the verbal action.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ prospering wicked and false comfortὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
9
οἱ οἶκοι αὐτῶν εὐθηνοῦσιν φόβος δὲ οὐδαμοῦ μάστιξ δὲ παρὰ κυρίου οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπ' αὐτοῖς
Their houses prosper; fear is nowhere, and the scourge from the Lord is not upon them.
Job points to domestic security and the apparent absence of divine blows.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκοιhouseN2 NPM · οἶκοςnominative element functioning within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as nominative element functioning within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εὐθηνοῦσινprosperV2 PAI3P · εὐθηνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortεὐθηνέω: meaning 'prosper'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φόβοςfearN2 NSM · φόβοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐδαμοῦnowhereD · οὐδαμοῦparticle, connector, or adverb shaping the clause or discourse flow→ prospering wicked and false comfortοὐδαμοῦ: meaning 'nowhere'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μάστιξwhipN3G NSF · μάστιξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the saying→ prospering wicked and false comfortμάστιξ: meaning 'whip'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the saying.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
10
ἡ βοῦς αὐτῶν οὐκ ὠμοτόκησεν διεσώθη δὲ αὐτῶν ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα καὶ οὐκ ἔσφαλεν
Their cow does not fail to calve; their pregnant beast is kept safe and does not miscarry.
Even the herd-life of the ungodly shows increase rather than frustration.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βοῦςcowN3 NSF · βοῦςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortβοῦς: meaning 'cow'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ὠμοτόκησενcalvedVAI AAI3S · ὠμοτοκέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortὠμοτοκέω: meaning 'calved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διεσώθηescapedVCI API3S · σώζω + διαverbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortσώζω + δια: meaning 'escaped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γαστρὶwombN3 DSF · γαστήρcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ prospering wicked and false comfortγαστήρ: meaning 'womb'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
ἔχουσαhaveV1 · παπνσφ ἔχωparticiple supporting the clause action→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαπνσφ ἔχω: meaning 'have'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle supporting the clause action.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔσφαλενmiscarriedVBI AAI3S · σφάλλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortσφάλλω: meaning 'miscarried'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
11
μένουσιν δὲ ὡς πρόβατα αἰώνια τὰ δὲ παιδία αὐτῶν προσπαίζουσιν
They remain like an everlasting flock, and their children dance and play.
Their prosperity is not grim survival but durable, playful abundance.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
μένουσινremainV1 PAI3P · μένωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortμένω: meaning 'remain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
πρόβαταsheepN2N APN · πρόβατονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortπρόβατον: meaning 'sheep'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αἰώνιαancientA1B APN · αἰώνιοςaccusative element functioning as object or complement within the saying→ prospering wicked and false comfortαἰώνιος: meaning 'ancient'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement within the saying.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παιδίαchildrenN2N APN · παιδίονaccusative element functioning within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαιδίον: meaning 'children'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
προσπαίζουσινplayV1 PAI3P · παίζω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαίζω + προς: meaning 'play'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
12
ἀναλαβόντες ψαλτήριον καὶ κιθάραν καὶ εὐφραίνονται φωνῇ ψαλμοῦ
They take up psaltery and lyre and rejoice at the sound of song.
Music and festal joy deepen the picture of the wicked living well in public view.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἀναλαβόντεςanalabontesVB · ααπνπμ λαμβάνω + ἀναmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ prospering wicked and false comfortααπνπμ λαμβάνω + ἀνα: meaning 'analabontes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
ψαλτήριονpsalteryN2N ASN · ψαλτήριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortψαλτήριον: meaning 'psaltery'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κιθάρανlyreN1A ASF · κιθάραaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortκιθάρα: meaning 'lyre'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφραίνονταιrejoiceV1 PPI3P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φωνῇvoiceN1 DSF · φωνήdative complement within the clause or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as dative complement within the clause or phrase.
ψαλμοῦsongN2 GSM · ψαλμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ prospering wicked and false comfortψαλμός: meaning 'song'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
13
συνετέλεσαν δὲ ἐν ἀγαθοῖς τὸν βίον αὐτῶν ἐν δὲ ἀναπαύσει ᾅδου ἐκοιμήθησαν
They complete their life in good things, and in the repose of Hades they fall asleep.
Job presses the point to the end of life itself: even their death seems calm.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
συνετέλεσανcompleteVAI AAI3P · τελέω + συνfinite verb advancing the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτελέω + συν: meaning 'complete'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἀγαθοῖςgoodA1 DPM · ἀγαθόςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as acc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βίονlifeN2 ASM · βίοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortβίος: meaning 'life'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναπαύσειshall give restN3I DSF · ἀνάπαυσιςdative term marking relation, means, sphere, or reference→ predictive future (the denial of rest)ἀνάπαυσις: meaning 'shall give rest'; it serves as dative term marking relation, means, sphere, or reference.
ᾅδουto HadesN1M GSM · ᾅδηςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortᾅδης: meaning 'to Hades'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ἐκοιμήθησανsleptVCI API3P · κοιμάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist aspect presenting the action as a wholeκοιμάω: meaning 'slept'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
14
λέγει δὲ κυρίῳ ἀπόστα ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ὁδούς σου εἰδέναι οὐ βούλομαι
Yet they say to the Lord, 'Depart from me; I do not wish to know your ways.'
Their prosperity belongs not to the devout but to those who openly reject the Lord's rule.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἀπόσταdepartVH AAD2S · ἵστημι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἵστημι + ἀπο: meaning 'depart'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ἐμοῦIRP GS · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὁδούςwayN2 APF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortὁδούς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
εἰδέναιto knowVX XAN · οἶδαverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortοἶδα: meaning 'to know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
βούλομαιI wishV1 PMI1S · βούλομαιmain verb of royal intention→ present subjunctive of volitionβούλομαι: meaning 'I wish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of royal intention.
15
τί ἱκανός ὅτι δουλεύσομεν αὐτῷ καὶ τίς ὠφέλεια ὅτι ἀπαντήσομεν αὐτῷ
What is the Mighty One, that we should serve him, and what profit is there if we meet with him?
The ungodly reduce piety to utility and ask what advantage devotion can yield.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative or accusative interrogative element within the clause.
ἱκανόςMighty OneA1 NSM · ἱκανόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortἱκανός: meaning 'Mighty One'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δουλεύσομενwe shall serveVF FAI1P · δουλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδουλεύω: meaning 'we shall serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίςwhatRI NSN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτίς: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὠφέλειαprofitN1A NSF · ὠφέλειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortὠφέλεια: meaning 'profit'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπαντήσομενmeet withVF FAI1P · ἀντάω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀντάω + ἀπο: meaning 'meet with'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
16
ἐν χερσὶν γὰρ ἦν αὐτῶν τὰ ἀγαθά ἔργα δὲ ἀσεβῶν οὐκ ἐφορᾷ
For their good things were in their hands, but he does not regard the works of the ungodly.
The line sums up the paradox in terse form: abundance sits with them even though their works are ungodly.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χερσὶνhandN3 DPF · χείρdative complement within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦνwasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ imperfective past: portrays continuing or repeated actionἦν: meaning 'was'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγαθάgoodA1 NPN · ἀγαθόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἔργαworksN2N NPN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐφορᾷlook uponV3 PAI3S · ὁράω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ present verbal form portraying ongoing or immediate actionὁράω + ἐπι: meaning 'look upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
17
οὐ μὴν δὲ ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀσεβῶν λύχνος σβεσθήσεται ἐπελεύσεται δὲ αὐτοῖς ἡ καταστροφή ὠδῖνες δὲ αὐτοὺς ἕξουσιν ἀπὸ ὀργῆς
Yet surely the lamp of the ungodly will be quenched; their ruin will come upon them, and pangs will seize them from wrath.
Job concedes the traditional language of judgment, but he is about to question how often it appears in lived experience.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴνmonthX · μήνconnective linking the clause to its context→ prospering wicked and false comfortμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάcoordinating or discourse-linking conjunction→ coordinationἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
λύχνοςlampN2 NSM · λύχνοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or heading term→ prospering wicked and false comfortλύχνος: meaning 'lamp'; it serves as nominative nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or heading term.
σβεσθήσεταιshall be quenchedVC FPI3S · σβέννυμιmain verb (negated future: prohibition)→ prospering wicked and false comfortσβέννυμι: meaning 'shall be quenched'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (negated future: prohibition).
ἐπελεύσεταιwill come uponVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἔρχομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'will come upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταστροφήruinN1 NSF · καταστροφήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortκαταστροφή: meaning 'ruin'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὠδῖνεςpangN3 NPF · ὠδίνnominal element functioning within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortὠδίν: meaning 'pang'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἕξουσινthey will haveVF FAI3P · ἔχωmain verb (parallel to ταραχθήσονται)→ predictive future (the seizing anguish)ἔχω: meaning 'they will have'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (parallel to ταραχθήσονται).
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὀργῆςwith angerN1 GSF · ὀργήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ prospering wicked and false comfortὀργή: meaning 'with anger'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
18
ἔσονται δὲ ὥσπερ ἄχυρα πρὸ ἀνέμου ἢ ὥσπερ κονιορτός ὃν ὑφείλατο λαῖλαψ
They will be like chaff before the wind, or like dust that a whirlwind has carried off.
The stock image of the wicked blown away is acknowledged, but only as part of the friends' expected script.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἄχυραstrawN2N APN · ἄχυρονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortἄχυρον: meaning 'straw'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition taking a complement within the phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortπρὸ: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition taking a complement within the phrase.
ἀνέμουwindN2 GSM · ἄνεμοςgenitive term qualifying a related noun or expression→ prospering wicked and false comfortἄνεμος: meaning 'wind'; it serves as genitive term qualifying a related noun or expression.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
κονιορτόςdustN2 NSM · κονιορτόςnominative substantive functioning within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκονιορτός: meaning 'dust'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning within the clause.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ prospering wicked and false comfortὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
ὑφείλατοsnatched awayVB AMI3S · αἱρέω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortαἱρέω + ὑπο: meaning 'snatched away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λαῖλαψwhirlwindN3P NSF · λαῖλαψnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortλαῖλαψ: meaning 'whirlwind'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
19
ἐκλίποι υἱοὺς τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ ἀνταποδώσει πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ γνώσεται
May his possessions fail for his sons; he will repay him to his face, and he shall know it.
Job voices the usual retributive scenario in which loss finally reaches the wicked man's own house.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐκλίποιmay failVB AAO3S · λείπω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortλείπω + ἐκ: meaning 'may fail'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςhead noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπάρχονταbeingV1 · παπνπν ἄρχω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαπνπν ἄρχω + ὑπο: meaning 'being'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀνταποδώσειwill repayVF FAI3S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποmain or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardδίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'will repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώσεταιwill knowVF FMI3S · γιγνώσκωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardγιγνώσκω: meaning 'will know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
20
ἴδοισαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτοῦ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σφαγήν ἀπὸ δὲ κυρίου μὴ διασωθείη
Let his own eyes see his slaughter, and let him not be delivered from the Lord.
The desired logic of personal payback is stated directly: let the wicked man himself taste it.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἴδοισανlet ... seeVB AAO3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortὁράω: meaning 'let ... see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμοὶeyeN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦpronoun referring within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'his own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring within the clause.
σφαγήνslaughterN1 ASF · σφαγήaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complement within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortσφαγή: meaning 'slaughter'; it serves as accusative nominal element functioning as object or complement within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
διασωθείηbe deliveredVC APO3S · σώζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortσώζω + δια: meaning 'be delivered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
21
ὅτι τί θέλημα αὐτοῦ ἐν οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ μετ' αὐτόν καὶ ἀριθμοὶ μηνῶν αὐτοῦ διῃρέθησαν
For what concern has he for his house after him, when the number of his months has been cut off?
Job exposes the weakness of deferred punishment: once dead, the wicked man has no stake in what follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative or accusative interrogative element within the clause.
θέλημαpleasureN3M NSN · θέλημαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortθέλημα: meaning 'pleasure'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀριθμοὶnumbersN2 NPM · ἀριθμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀριθμός: meaning 'numbers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μηνῶνmonthsN3 GPM · μήνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ prospering wicked and false comfortμήν: meaning 'months'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
διῃρέθησανwere cut offVCI API3P · αἱρέω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortαἱρέω + δια: meaning 'were cut off'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
22
πότερον οὐχὶ ὁ κύριός ἐστιν ὁ διδάσκων σύνεσιν καὶ ἐπιστήμην αὐτὸς δὲ φόνους διακρινεῖ
Is not the Lord the one who teaches understanding and knowledge, while he himself discerns acts of blood?
Job appeals to the Lord's own superior knowledge, implying that human formulas cannot master his judgments.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
πότερονwhetherD · πότερονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortπότερον: meaning 'whether'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχὶnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: meaning 'not'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριόςlordN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject (human master)→ prospering wicked and false comfortκύριος: meaning 'lord'; it serves as subject (human master).
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διδάσκωνteachV1 · παπνσμ διδάσκωparticiple supporting the clause action→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαπνσμ διδάσκω: meaning 'teach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle supporting the clause action.
σύνεσινunderstandingN3I ASF · σύνεσιςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortσύνεσις: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιστήμηνknowledgeN1 ASF · ἐπιστήμηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐπιστήμη: meaning 'knowledge'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φόνουςmurderN2 APM · φόνοςobject or complement within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortφόνος: meaning 'murder'; it serves as object or complement within the clause.
διακρινεῖwill siftVF2 FAI3S · κρίνω + διαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, question, or reflection→ prospering wicked and false comfortκρίνω + δια: meaning 'will sift'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, question, or reflection.
23
οὗτος ἀποθανεῖται ἐν κράτει ἁπλοσύνης αὐτοῦ ὅλος δὲ εὐπαθῶν καὶ εὐθηνῶν
One man will die in the full strength of his simplicity, wholly at ease and prospering,
The first example is a man whose life ends in visible wholeness and well-being.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortοὗτος: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἀποθανεῖταιhe diedVF2 FMI3S · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortθνήσκω + ἀπο: meaning 'he died'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κράτειmightN3E DSN · κράτοςdative complement within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκράτος: meaning 'might'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.
ἁπλοσύνηςsimplicityN1 GSF · ἁπλοσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ prospering wicked and false comfortἁπλοσύνη: meaning 'simplicity'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὅλοςall overA1 NSM · ὅλοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ prospering wicked and false comfortὅλος: meaning 'all over'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐπαθῶνliving at easeV2 · παπνσμ εὐπαθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαπνσμ εὐπαθέω: meaning 'living at ease'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐθηνῶνprosperingV2 · παπνσμ εὐθηνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαπνσμ εὐθηνέω: meaning 'prospering'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
24
τὰ δὲ ἔγκατα αὐτοῦ πλήρη στέατος μυελὸς δὲ αὐτοῦ διαχεῖται
his inward parts full of fat, and his marrow poured out.
The prosperous death is fleshed out with bodily imagery of fullness and vigor.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔγκαταinward partsN2N NPN · ἔγκαταnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortἔγκατα: meaning 'inward parts'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πλήρηfullA3H NPN · πλήρηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortπλήρης: meaning 'full'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
στέατοςfatN3T GSN · στέαρgenitive nominal element qualifying another term within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortστέαρ: meaning 'fat'; it serves as genitive nominal element qualifying another term within the clause.
μυελὸςmarrowN2 NSM · μυελόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortμυελός: meaning 'marrow'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
διαχεῖταιis poured outV2 PMI3S · χέω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortχέω + δια: meaning 'is poured out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
25
ὁ δὲ τελευτᾷ ὑπὸ πικρίας ψυχῆς οὐ φαγὼν οὐδὲν ἀγαθόν
But another dies in bitterness of soul, not having eaten any good thing.
The contrasting example is a person whose life ends in deprivation and inward bitterness.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τελευτᾷdiesV3 PAI3S · τελευτάωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτελευτάω: meaning 'dies'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement.
πικρίαςbitternessN1A GSF · πικρίαgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relation→ prospering wicked and false comfortπικρία: meaning 'bitterness'; it serves as genitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relation.
ψυχῆςlifeN1 GSF · ψυχήobject of περί within the idiom περὶ ψυχῆς→ prospering wicked and false comfortψυχή: meaning 'life'; it serves as object of περί within the idiom περὶ ψυχῆς.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
φαγὼνby eatingVB · ααπνσμ ἐσθίωverbal form contributing action or attendant circumstance within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortααπνσμ ἐσθίω: meaning 'by eating'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form contributing action or attendant circumstance within the clause.
οὐδὲνnothingA3 ASN · οὐδείςaccusative subject-like object of the impersonal opposition clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortοὐδείς: meaning 'nothing'; it serves as accusative subject-like object of the impersonal opposition clause.
ἀγαθόνgoodA1 ASN · ἀγαθόςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.
26
ὁμοθυμαδὸν δὲ ἐπὶ γῆς κοιμῶνται σαπρία δὲ αὐτοὺς ἐκάλυψεν
Yet together they lie down upon the earth, and decay covers them.
Different earthly experiences converge in the same grave and the same corruption.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὁμοθυμαδὸνwith one accordD · ὁμοθυμαδόνparticle or discourse marker shaping the flow of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortὁμοθυμαδὸν: meaning 'with one accord'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
κοιμῶνταιsleepV3 PMI3P · κοιμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκοιμάω: meaning 'sleep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σαπρίαrottennessN1A NSF · σαπρίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortσαπρία: meaning 'rottenness'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκάλυψενcoveredVAI AAI3S · καλύπτωmain verb→ prospering wicked and false comfortκαλύπτω: meaning 'covered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.
27
ὥστε οἶδα ὑμᾶς ὅτι τόλμῃ ἐπίκεισθέ μοι
So then I know you: you press upon me with boldness.
Job turns from general argument back to his companions and names their aggressive posture.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ὥστεso thatC · ὥστεconnector linking clauses or phrases→ coordinationὥστε: meaning 'so that'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
οἶδαI knowVX XAI1S · οἶδαmain verb introducing Mattathias's judgment→ prospering wicked and false comfortοἶδα: meaning 'I know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb introducing Mattathias's judgment.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning as object or complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τόλμῃboldnessN1S DSF · τόλμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ prospering wicked and false comfortτόλμα: meaning 'boldness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπίκεισθέpress uponV5 PMI2P · κεῖμαι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκεῖμαι + ἐπι: meaning 'press upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
28
ὅτι ἐρεῖτε ποῦ ἐστιν οἶκος ἄρχοντος καὶ ποῦ ἐστιν ἡ σκέπη τῶν σκηνωμάτων τῶν ἀσεβῶν
For you will say, 'Where is the house of the ruler, and where is the covering of the tents of the ungodly?'
He anticipates their objection in the form of a taunt about the vanished dwelling of the wicked.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐρεῖτεyou shall sayVF2 FAI2P · εἶπονmain verb (future as command)→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἶπον: meaning 'you shall say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (future as command).
ποῦwhereD · ποῦinterrogative adverb (introducing deliberative indirect question)→ prospering wicked and false comfortποῦ: meaning 'where'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἄρχοντοςcommanderN3 GSM · ἄρχωνgenitive (defining γραμματέα: 'scribe of the commander')→ prospering wicked and false comfortἄρχων: meaning 'commander'; it serves as genitive (defining γραμματέα: 'scribe of the commander').
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποῦwhereD · ποῦinterrogative adverb (introducing deliberative indirect question)→ prospering wicked and false comfortποῦ: meaning 'where'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκέπηshelterN1 NSF · σκέπηnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ prospering wicked and false comfortσκέπη: meaning 'shelter'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνωμάτωνtents / dwellingsN3M GPN · σκήνωμαgenitive modifier or complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortσκήνωμα: meaning 'tents'; it serves as genitive modifier or complement.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
29
ἐρωτήσατε παραπορευομένους ὁδόν καὶ τὰ σημεῖα αὐτῶν οὐκ ἀπαλλοτριώσετε
Ask those who pass along the road, and do not disown their signs.
Job appeals beyond the debate circle to common human observation preserved by travelers.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἐρωτήσατεaskVA AAD2P · ἐρωτάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐρωτάω: meaning 'ask'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
παραπορευομένουςthose passing byV1 · πμπαπμ πορεύομαι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπμπαπμ πορεύομαι + παρα: meaning 'those passing by'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁδόνroadN2 ASF · ὁδόςnominal term functioning in a acc relation→ prospering wicked and false comfortὁδός: meaning 'road'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a acc relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σημεῖαsemeiaN2N APN · σημεῖονnominal term functioning in a acc relation→ prospering wicked and false comfortσημεῖον: meaning 'semeia'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a acc relation.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀπαλλοτριώσετεdisownVF FAI2S · ἀλλοτριόω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀλλοτριόω + ἀπο: meaning 'disown'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
30
ὅτι εἰς ἡμέραν ἀπωλείας κουφίζεται ὁ πονηρός εἰς ἡμέραν ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ ἀπαχθήσονται
For on a day of destruction the wicked man is spared, and on the day of wrath they are led away.
The testimony Job wants them to hear is that the wicked often pass through judgment less directly than the theory demands.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἀπωλείαςdestructionN1A GSF · ἀπώλειαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relation→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
κουφίζεταιis sparedV1 PPI3S · κουφίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκουφίζω: meaning 'is spared'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πονηρόςevilA1A NSM · πονηρόςnominal term functioning as subject or predicate complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as nominal term functioning as subject or predicate complement.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ prospering wicked and false comfortἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ὀργῆςwith angerN1 GSF · ὀργήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ prospering wicked and false comfortὀργή: meaning 'with anger'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀπαχθήσονταιwill be led awayVQ FPI3P · ἄγω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἄγω + ἀπο: meaning 'will be led away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
31
τίς ἀπαγγελεῖ ἐπὶ προσώπου αὐτοῦ τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐποίησεν τίς ἀνταποδώσει αὐτῷ
Who will declare his way to his face, and who will repay him for what he has done?
The rhetorical question underscores how rarely the wicked are confronted and repaid in open view.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀπαγγελεῖwill declareVF2 FAI3S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'will declare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ prospering wicked and false comfortπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδὸνwayN2 ASF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ prospering wicked and false comfortὁδὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀνταποδώσειwill repayVF FAI3S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποmain or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardδίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'will repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
32
καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς τάφους ἀπηνέχθη καὶ ἐπὶ σορῷ ἠγρύπνησεν
And he was brought to the tombs, and he kept watch over the burial mound.
Instead of disgrace, the wicked man receives formal burial and a grave marked with vigilance.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τάφουςtombsN2 APM · τάφοςcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortτάφος: meaning 'tombs'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀπηνέχθηwas broughtVQI API3S · φέρω + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ prospering wicked and false comfortφέρω + ἀπο: meaning 'was brought'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σορῷbierN2 DSF · σορόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ prospering wicked and false comfortσορός: meaning 'bier'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἠγρύπνησενkept watchVAI AAI3S · ἀγρυπνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀγρυπνέω: meaning 'kept watch'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
33
ἐγλυκάνθησαν αὐτῷ χάλικες χειμάρρου καὶ ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ἀπελεύσεται καὶ ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ ἀναρίθμητοι
The pebbles of the torrent were sweet to him; every human being will go after him, and countless ones were before him.
Even death does not isolate him in shame: the grave seems gentle, and he joins the endless human procession.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐγλυκάνθησανwere sweetVCI API3P · γλυκαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortγλυκαίνω: meaning 'were sweet'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
χάλικεςpebblesN3K NPM · χάλιξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortχάλιξ: meaning 'pebbles'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χειμάρρουχειμάρρουςN2 GSM · χειμάρρουςGenitive modifier→ prospering wicked and false comfortχειμάρρους: meaning 'χειμάρρους'; it serves as Genitive modifier.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀπίσωafter / behindP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὀπίσω: meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'everyone'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἄνθρωποςman / human beingN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀπελεύσεταιhe will departVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἀποverbal element carrying the clause’s action, process, command, or state→ prospering wicked and false comfortἔρχομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'he will depart'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the clause’s action, process, command, or state.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔμπροσθενbeforeP · ἔμπροσθενpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἔμπροσθεν: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀναρίθμητοιcountlessA1B NPM · ἀναρίθμητοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ prospering wicked and false comfortἀναρίθμητος: meaning 'countless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
34
πῶς δὲ παρακαλεῖτέ με κενά τὸ δὲ ἐμὲ καταπαύσασθαι ἀφ' ὑμῶν οὐδέν
How then do you comfort me with emptiness? There is nothing left in your answers that can quiet me.
Job ends by dismissing the companions' theology as hollow consolation that offers no rest.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
πῶςhowD · πῶςindeclinable element shaping the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπῶς: meaning 'how'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρακαλεῖτέcomfortV2 PAI2P · καλέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortκαλέω + παρα: meaning 'comfort'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ prospering wicked and false comfortμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κενάemptyA1 APN · κενόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent→ prospering wicked and false comfortκενός: meaning 'empty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμὲmeRP AS · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortἐμὲ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καταπαύσασθαιbe quietedVA AMN · παύω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ prospering wicked and false comfortπαύω + κατα: meaning 'be quieted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀφ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀφ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ prospering wicked and false comfortὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
οὐδένno oneA3 ASN · οὐδείςdirect object / accusative complement→ prospering wicked and false comfortοὐδείς: meaning 'no one'; it serves as direct object / accusative complement.