1
ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ελιφας ὁ Θαιμανίτης λέγει
Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said,
The verse marks the resumption of Eliphaz's speech and frames the accusation that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ὑπολαβὼνsupposeVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑποparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑπο: meaning 'suppose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΕλιφαςEliphazN NSM · Ελιφαςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationΕλιφας: meaning 'Eliphaz'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΘαιμανίτηςTemaniteN NSM · Θαιμανίτηςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationΘαιμανίτης: meaning 'Temanite'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
2
πότερον οὐχὶ ὁ κύριός ἐστιν ὁ διδάσκων σύνεσιν καὶ ἐπιστήμην
Is not the Lord the one who teaches understanding and knowledge?
Eliphaz opens with a rhetorical question that places God in the role of the wise instructor whose judgment cannot be ignorant.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
πότερονwhetherD · πότερονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπότερον: meaning 'whether'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχὶnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: meaning 'not'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριόςlordN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject (human master)→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκύριος: meaning 'lord'; it serves as subject (human master).
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διδάσκωνteachV1 · παπνσμ διδάσκωparticiple supporting the clause action→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαπνσμ διδάσκω: meaning 'teach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle supporting the clause action.
σύνεσινunderstandingN3I ASF · σύνεσιςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσύνεσις: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιστήμηνknowledgeN1 ASF · ἐπιστήμηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἐπιστήμη: meaning 'knowledge'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
3
τί γὰρ μέλει τῷ κυρίῳ ἐὰν σὺ ἦσθα τοῖς ἔργοις ἄμεμπτος ἢ ὠφέλεια ὅτι ἁπλώσῃς τὴν ὁδόν σου
For what concern is it to the Lord if you were blameless in your works, or what gain is there if you make your way straight?
The question explains Eliphaz's logic: God does not punish Job because divine welfare depends on human righteousness.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
τίwhatRI NSN · τίςnominative or accusative interrogative element within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative or accusative interrogative element within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μέλειit mattersV1 PAI3S · μέλωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationμέλω: meaning 'it matters'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἦσθαyou wereV9 IAI2S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clause→ imperfect active indicativeεἰμί: meaning 'you were'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle or verbal form modifying the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργοιςworksN2N DPN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἄμεμπτοςblamelessA1B NSM · ἄμεμπτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἄμεμπτος: meaning 'blameless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠφέλειαgainN1A NSF · ὠφέλειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὠφέλεια: meaning 'gain'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁπλώσῃςmake straightVA AAS2S · ἁπλόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἁπλόω: meaning 'make straight'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδόνroadN2 ASF · ὁδόςnominal term functioning in a acc relation→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὁδός: meaning 'road'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a acc relation.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
4
ἦ λόγον σου ποιούμενος ἐλέγξει σε καὶ συνεισελεύσεταί σοι εἰς κρίσιν
Is it while making much of your word that he will reprove you and enter with you into judgment?
Eliphaz presses the point with another rhetorical question, denying that Job's speech or piety could itself be the reason for divine litigation.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ποιούμενοςconstructingV2 · πμπνσμ ποιέωcircumstantial participle parallel to προσάγων→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπμπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'constructing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as circumstantial participle parallel to προσάγων.
ἐλέγξειrebukeVF FAI3S · ἐλέγχωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristἐλέγχω: meaning 'rebuke'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνεισελεύσεταίenter togetherVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + συν + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἔρχομαι + συν + εἰς: meaning 'enter together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκρίσις: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
5
πότερον οὐχ ἡ κακία σού ἐστιν πολλή ἀναρίθμητοι δέ σού εἰσιν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι
Is not your wickedness great, and are not your sins beyond number?
The speech now states its main charge plainly: Job's sufferings are interpreted as proof of immense guilt.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
πότερονwhetherD · πότερονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπότερον: meaning 'whether'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverb or adverbial expression modifying the clause or predicate→ simple negationοὐχ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κακίαwickedness / evilN1A NSF · κακίαcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκακία: meaning 'wickedness'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σούyourRP GS · σύpronominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσού: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
πολλήmuch / manyA1 NSF · πολύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπολύς: meaning 'much'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀναρίθμητοιcountlessA1B NPF · ἀναρίθμητοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀναρίθμητος: meaning 'countless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σούyourRP GS · σύpronominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσού: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
εἰσινareV9 PAI3P · εἰμίfinite verbal predicate carrying the clause action→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'are'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal predicate carrying the clause action.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἁμαρτίαιsinN1A NPF · ἁμαρτίαnominal term functioning as a nominative term→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a nominative term.
6
ἠνεχύραζες δὲ τοὺς ἀδελφούς σου διὰ κενῆς ἀμφίασιν δὲ γυμνῶν ἀφείλου
For you took pledges from your brothers without cause, and you stripped the clothing of the naked.
Eliphaz begins the catalogue of alleged crimes with unjust pledges and the removal of basic clothing.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἠνεχύραζεςtake as pledgeV1I IAI2S · ἐνεχυράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἐνεχυράζω: meaning 'take as pledge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφούςbrotherN2 APM · ἀδελφόςnominal term functioning as a accusative complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a accusative complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κενῆςcauseA1 GSF · κενόςgenitive substantive completing the idiom→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκενός: meaning 'cause'; it serves as genitive substantive completing the idiom.
ἀμφίασινgarmentN3I ASM · ἀμφίασιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀμφίασις: meaning 'garment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γυμνῶνnakedA1 GPM · γυμνόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγυμνός: meaning 'naked'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀφείλουtake awayVBI AMI2S · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationαἱρέω + ἀπο: meaning 'take away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
οὐδὲ ὕδωρ διψῶντας ἐπότισας ἀλλὰ πεινώντων ἐστέρησας ψωμόν
You did not give water to the thirsty, but from the hungry you withheld a morsel.
The accusation expands from property abuses to failures of the most basic works of mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or steps in the argument→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
διψῶνταςthirstingV3 · παπαπμ διψάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαπαπμ διψάω: meaning 'thirsting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπότισαςgive drinkVAI AAI2S · ποτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationποτίζω: meaning 'give drink'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάcoordinating or discourse-linking conjunction→ coordinationἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πεινώντωνhungeringV3 · παπγπμ πεινάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαπγπμ πεινάω: meaning 'hungering'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐστέρησαςdepriveVAI AAI2S · στερέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationστερέω: meaning 'deprive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ψωμόνmorselN2 ASM · ψωμόςaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationψωμός: meaning 'morsel'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause.
8
ἐθαύμασας δέ τινων πρόσωπον ᾤκισας δὲ τοὺς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
You showed partiality to certain persons, and you settled those who were on the land.
Eliphaz accuses Job of favoritism toward the powerful and of using influence to establish some while excluding others.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐθαύμασαςshow partialityVAI AAI2S · θαυμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationθαυμάζω: meaning 'show partiality'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τινωνcertain onesRI GPN · τιςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτινων: meaning 'certain ones'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πρόσωπονface / presenceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ᾤκισαςsettleVAI AAI2S · οἰκίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοἰκίζω: meaning 'settle'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
9
χήρας δὲ ἐξαπέστειλας κενάς ὀρφανοὺς δὲ ἐκάκωσας
You sent widows away empty, and you mistreated orphans.
The climax of the social accusations is Job's supposed abuse of the two classic figures of the defenseless.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
χήραςwidowsN1A APF · χήραaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationχήρα: meaning 'widows'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξαπέστειλαςdid you send awayVAI AAI2S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'did you send away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
κενάςemptyA1 APF · κενόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκενός: meaning 'empty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὀρφανοὺςorphanA1 APM · ὀρφανόςgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὀρφανός: meaning 'orphan'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκάκωσαςmistreatVAI AAI2S · κακόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκακόω: meaning 'mistreat'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
10
τοιγαροῦν ἐκύκλωσάν σε παγίδες καὶ ἐσπούδασέν σε πόλεμος ἐξαίσιος
Therefore snares surrounded you, and sudden terror alarmed you.
Eliphaz reads Job's present distress as the direct consequence of the crimes he has just named.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
τοιγαροῦνthereforeC · τοιγαροῦνconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτοιγαροῦν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκύκλωσάνsurroundedVAI AAI3P · κυκλόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκυκλόω: meaning 'surrounded'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
παγίδεςsnaresN3D NPF · παγίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the saying→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαγίς: meaning 'snares'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the saying.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐσπούδασένalarmedVAI AAI3S · σπουδάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσπουδάζω: meaning 'alarmed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
πόλεμοςwarN2 NSM · πόλεμοςcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπόλεμος: meaning 'war'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐξαίσιοςsuddenA1B NSM · ἐξαίσιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἐξαίσιος: meaning 'sudden'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
11
τὸ φῶς σοι σκότος ἀπέβη κοιμηθέντα δὲ ὕδωρ σε ἐκάλυψεν
Your light became darkness for you, and water covered you as you lay there.
The consequence is pictured as engulfing darkness and flood, images of overwhelming judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative subject / predicate element in the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
σκότοςdarknessN3E ASN · σκότοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσκότος: meaning 'darkness'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ἀπέβηbecameVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationβαίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'became'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κοιμηθένταlying downVC · αππασμ κοιμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationαππασμ κοιμάω: meaning 'lying down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἐκάλυψενcoveredVAI AAI3S · καλύπτωmain verb→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκαλύπτω: meaning 'covered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.
12
μὴ οὐχὶ ὁ τὰ ὑψηλὰ ναίων ἐφορᾷ τοὺς δὲ ὕβρει φερομένους ἐταπείνωσεν
Does not the one who dwells in the heights look on, while he has humbled those carried along by pride?
Eliphaz rejects any notion that God's exalted dwelling removes him from seeing and humbling the proud.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
οὐχὶnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: meaning 'not'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑψηλὰhigh placesA1 APN · ὑψηλόςcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὑψηλός: meaning 'high places'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ναίωνdwellingV1 · παπνσμ ναίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαπνσμ ναίω: meaning 'dwelling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐφορᾷlook uponV3 PAI3S · ὁράω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ present verbal form portraying ongoing or immediate actionὁράω + ἐπι: meaning 'look upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕβρειviolenceN3I DSF · ὕβριςdative element functioning within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὕβρις: meaning 'violence'; it serves as dative element functioning within the clause.
φερομένουςcarryV1 · πμπαπμ φέρωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπμπαπμ φέρω: meaning 'carry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐταπείνωσενhumbledVAI AAI3S · ταπεινόωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeταπεινόω: meaning 'humbled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
13
καὶ εἶπας τί ἔγνω ὁ ἰσχυρός ἦ κατὰ τοῦ γνόφου κρινεῖ
And you said, 'What has the Mighty One known? Can he judge through the gloom?'
Eliphaz now attributes to Job a skeptical theology that treats God as distant and obscured.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπαςeiponVAI AAI2S · εἶπονfinite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense→ aoristεἶπον: meaning 'eipon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἔγνωlearnedVZI AAI3S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeγιγνώσκω: meaning 'learned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχυρόςmightyA1A NSM · ἰσχυρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἰσχυρός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γνόφουgloomN2 GSM · γνόφοςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγνόφος: meaning 'gloom'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κρινεῖkrinoVF2 FAI3S · κρίνωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardκρίνω: meaning 'krino'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
14
νέφη ἀποκρυφὴ αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐχ ὁραθήσεται καὶ γῦρον οὐρανοῦ διαπορεύσεται
Clouds are his hiding place, and he will not be seen; he walks the circuit of heaven.'
The quotation continues by portraying God as hidden behind clouds and removed from earthly affairs.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
νέφηcloudsN3E NPN · νέφοςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationνέφος: meaning 'clouds'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἀποκρυφὴhiding placeN1 NSF · ἀποκρυφήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀποκρυφή: meaning 'hiding place'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverb or adverbial expression modifying the clause or predicate→ simple negationοὐχ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ὁραθήσεταιwill be seenVC FPI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὁράω: meaning 'will be seen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γῦρονroundnessN2 ASM · γῦροςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγῦρος: meaning 'roundness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
διαπορεύσεταιpasses throughVF FMI3S · πορεύομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπορεύομαι + δια: meaning 'passes through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
15
μὴ τρίβον αἰώνιον φυλάξεις ἣν ἐπάτησαν ἄνδρες ἄδικοι
Will you keep to the ancient path that unjust men trod,
Eliphaz warns Job not to align himself with the old pattern of wicked rebellion.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
τρίβονpathN2 ASF · τρίβοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτρίβος: meaning 'path'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αἰώνιονeverlastingA1B ASF · αἰώνιοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationαἰώνιος: meaning 'everlasting'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause.
φυλάξειςkeepVF FAI2S · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationφυλάσσω: meaning 'keep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἣνwho / whomRR ASF · ὅςaccusative object or complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἣν: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative object or complement.
ἐπάτησανtrodVAI AAI3P · πατέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπατέω: meaning 'trod'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄνδρεςmanN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominal term functioning as a nominative term→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a nominative term.
ἄδικοιunjustA1B NPM · ἄδικοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἄδικος: meaning 'unjust'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
16
οἳ συνελήμφθησαν ἄωροι ποταμὸς ἐπιρρέων οἱ θεμέλιοι αὐτῶν
those who were seized before their time, whose foundations a rushing river overflowed,
The ancient wicked are described as cut off prematurely, their very foundations washed away.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
συνελήμφθησανwere seizedVVI API3P · λαμβάνω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationλαμβάνω + συν: meaning 'were seized'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄωροιuntimelyA1B NPM · ἄωροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἄωρος: meaning 'untimely'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ποταμὸςriverN2 NSM · ποταμόςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐπιρρέωνflowing uponV2 · παπνσμ ῥέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαπνσμ ῥέω + ἐπι: meaning 'flowing upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεμέλιοιfoundationsN2 NPM · θεμέλιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationθεμέλιος: meaning 'foundations'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
17
οἱ λέγοντες κύριος τί ποιήσει ἡμῖν ἢ τί ἐπάξεται ἡμῖν ὁ παντοκράτωρ
who said, 'What will the Lord do to us?' or 'What will the Almighty bring upon us?'
Their defining attitude was practical atheism: they dismissed both God's action and his judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λέγοντεςsayingV1 · παπνπμ λέγωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ present participle introducing direct proposalπαπνπμ λέγω: meaning 'saying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ποιήσειwill makeVF FAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardποιέω: meaning 'will make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form functioning as a dative complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form functioning as a dative complement.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐπάξεταιbring uponVF FMI3S · ἄγω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἄγω + ἐπι: meaning 'bring upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form functioning as a dative complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form functioning as a dative complement.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
18
ὃς δὲ ἐνέπλησεν τοὺς οἴκους αὐτῶν ἀγαθῶν βουλὴ δὲ ἀσεβῶν πόρρω ἀπ' αὐτοῦ
Yet he filled their houses with good things, but the counsel of the ungodly is far from him.
Eliphaz contrasts God's generous providence with the corrupt plans of the ungodly, which do not finally govern him.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὅς: meaning 'who'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνέπλησενfillVAI AAI3S · πίμπλημι + ἐνmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπίμπλημι + ἐν: meaning 'fill'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουςhousesN2 APM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοἶκος: meaning 'houses'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀγαθῶνgood thingsA1 GPM · ἀγαθόςgenitive element marking relation, source, description, or possession within the proverb→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀγαθός: meaning 'good things'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, description, or possession within the proverb.
βουλὴcounselN1 NSF · βουλήsubject noun of the idiom→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as subject noun of the idiom.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
πόρρωporroD · πόρρωadverbial form modifying the verbal action or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπόρρω: meaning 'porro'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
19
ἰδόντες δίκαιοι ἐγέλασαν ἄμεμπτος δὲ ἐμυκτήρισεν
The righteous saw and laughed, and the blameless one mocked them.
The downfall of the wicked becomes a public vindication for the righteous.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ἰδόντεςseeVB · ααπνπμ ὁράωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description→ verbal action framed by the clause contextααπνπμ ὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description.
δίκαιοιrighteousA1A NPM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the proverb→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the proverb.
ἐγέλασανthey laughedVAI AAI3P · γελάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγελάω: meaning 'they laughed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄμεμπτοςblamelessA1B NSM · ἄμεμπτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἄμεμπτος: meaning 'blameless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμυκτήρισενmockedVAI AAI3S · μυκτηρίζωfirst main verb describing contemptuous treatment→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationμυκτηρίζω: meaning 'mocked'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as first main verb describing contemptuous treatment.
20
εἰ μὴ ἠφανίσθη ἡ ὑπόστασις αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ κατάλειμμα αὐτῶν καταφάγεται πῦρ
Surely their substance was destroyed, and fire will consume what is left of them.
Eliphaz seals the warning with a final picture of total loss and consuming judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
εἰifC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list items→ conditional / interrogative markerεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἠφανίσθηwas destroyedVSI API3S · ἵζω + ἀπο + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἵζω + ἀπο + ἀνα: meaning 'was destroyed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπόστασιςsubstructureN3I NSF · ὑπόστασιςnominal element functioning within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὑπόστασις: meaning 'substructure'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατάλειμμαremnantN3M ASN · καταλείμμαcoordinated object with ἰσχὺν→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκαταλείμμα: meaning 'remnant'; it serves as coordinated object with ἰσχὺν.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καταφάγεταιdevourVF FMI3S · ἐσθίω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureἐσθίω + κατα: meaning 'devour'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
21
γενοῦ δὴ σκληρός ἐὰν ὑπομείνῃς εἶτ' ὁ καρπός σου ἔσται ἐν ἀγαθοῖς
Be firm then; if you endure, your fruit will be among good things.
The speech now turns from accusation to exhortation, calling Job to steadfast submission for the sake of restored good.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
γενοῦgignomaiVB AMD2S · γίγνομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationγίγνομαι: meaning 'gignomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description.
δὴnow / indeedX · δήsubstantive, modifier, or particle functioning within the clause according to context→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὴ: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκληρόςhardA1A NSM · σκληρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσκληρός: meaning 'hard'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
ὑπομείνῃςendureVA AAS2S · μένω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationμένω + ὑπο: meaning 'endure'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἶτ'thenD · εἶταadverbial element shaping manner, emphasis, or clause relation→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationεἶτα: meaning 'then'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρπόςfruitN2 NSM · καρπόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκαρπός: meaning 'fruit'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἀγαθοῖςgoodA1 DPM · ἀγαθόςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as acc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
22
ἔκλαβε δὲ ἐκ στόματος αὐτοῦ ἐξηγορίαν καὶ ἀνάλαβε τὰ ῥήματα αὐτοῦ ἐν καρδίᾳ σου
Receive instruction from his mouth, and take his words into your heart.
Eliphaz urges Job to move from protest to receptive obedience by inwardly receiving divine speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἔκλαβεreceiveVB AAD2S · λαμβάνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationλαμβάνω + ἐκ: meaning 'receive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐξηγορίανinstructionN1A ASF · ἐξηγορίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἐξηγορία: meaning 'instruction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνάλαβεtake upVB AAD2S · λαμβάνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationλαμβάνω + ἀνα: meaning 'take up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥήματαwordsN3M APN · ῥῆμαobject of ποιεῖν→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationῥῆμα: meaning 'words'; it serves as object of ποιεῖν.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as dative complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
23
ἐὰν δὲ ἐπιστραφῇς καὶ ταπεινώσῃς σεαυτὸν ἔναντι κυρίου πόρρω ἐποίησας ἀπὸ διαίτης σου τὸ ἄδικον
If you return and humble yourself before the Lord, you will put injustice far from your dwelling.
Repentance is defined both vertically, as humility before the Lord, and practically, as the removal of injustice from daily life.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιστραφῇςturn backVD APS2S · στρέφω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationστρέφω + ἐπι: meaning 'turn back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταπεινώσῃςhumbleVA AAS2S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationταπεινόω: meaning 'humble'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεαυτὸνyourselfRD ASM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedent→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσεαυτὸν: meaning 'yourself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedent.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἔναντι: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
πόρρωporroD · πόρρωadverbial form modifying the verbal action or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπόρρω: meaning 'porro'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐποίησαςdo / makeVAI AAI2S · ποιέωfinite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
διαίτηςdwellingN1S GSF · δίαιταgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδίαιτα: meaning 'dwelling'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄδικονinjusticeA1B ASN · ἄδικοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἄδικος: meaning 'injustice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
24
θήσῃ ἐπὶ χώματι ἐν πέτρᾳ καὶ ὡς πέτρᾳ χειμάρρους Ωφιρ
You will place gold upon the dust, and Ophir among the stones of the torrents.
The imagery calls for treating precious metal as discardable, a vivid renunciation of trust in wealth.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
θήσῃplaceVF FPI2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χώματιdustN3M DSN · χῶμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationχῶμα: meaning 'dust'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πέτρᾳthe rockN1A DSF · πέτραdative object of ἐν (location of the nest)→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπέτρα: meaning 'the rock'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (location of the nest).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
πέτρᾳthe rockN1A DSF · πέτραdative object of ἐν (location of the nest)→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπέτρα: meaning 'the rock'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (location of the nest).
χειμάρρουςtorrent-stoneN2 ASM · χειμάρρουςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationχειμάρρους: meaning 'torrent-stone'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΩφιρOphirN GSM · Ωφιρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationΩφιρ: meaning 'Ophir'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
25
ἔσται οὖν σου ὁ παντοκράτωρ βοηθὸς ἀπὸ ἐχθρῶν καθαρὸν δὲ ἀποδώσει σε ὥσπερ ἀργύριον πεπυρωμένον
Then the Almighty will be your helper against enemies, and he will restore you pure like refined silver.
Renunciation and return are followed by promised protection and purification.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνinferential particle→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοὖν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
βοηθὸςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationβοηθός: meaning 'helper'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐχθρῶνenemyN2 GPM · ἐχθρόςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as proper name or indeclinable element within the sequence.
καθαρὸνpureA1A ASM · καθαρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκαθαρός: meaning 'pure'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποδώσειhe will give backVF FAI3S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'he will give back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N ASN · ἀργύριονaccusative complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative complement.
πεπυρωμένονrefinedVM · χππασν πυρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationχππασν πυρόω: meaning 'refined'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
26
εἶτα παρρησιασθήσῃ ἔναντι κυρίου ἀναβλέψας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἱλαρῶς
Then you will speak boldly before the Lord, lifting your face to heaven cheerfully.
Restored standing before God is pictured as fearless approach and brightened countenance.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
εἶταthenD · εἶταadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationεἶτα: meaning 'then'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
παρρησιασθήσῃspeak boldlyVS FPI2S · παρρησιάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαρρησιάζομαι: meaning 'speak boldly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἔναντι: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἀναβλέψαςlooking upVA · ααπνσμ βλέπω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationααπνσμ βλέπω + ἀνα: meaning 'looking up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανὸνheavenN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἱλαρῶςcheerfullyD · ἱλαρῶςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἱλαρῶς: meaning 'cheerfully'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
27
εὐξαμένου δέ σου πρὸς αὐτὸν εἰσακούσεταί σου δώσει δέ σοι ἀποδοῦναι τὰς εὐχάς
When you pray to him, he will hear you, and he will grant you to pay your vows.
The restored relationship includes answered prayer and the ability to fulfill vowed devotion.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
εὐξαμένουprayingVA · αμπγσμ εὔχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationαμπγσμ εὔχομαι: meaning 'praying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
εἰσακούσεταίwill hearVF FMI3S · ἀκούω + εἰςfinite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion→ future indicativeἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'will hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause action or assertion.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δώσειgiveVF FAI3S · δίδωμιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἀποδοῦναιδίδωμιVO AAN · δίδωμι + ἀποinfinitive complement or purpose form within the clause→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'δίδωμι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement or purpose form within the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐχάςvowN1 APF · εὐχήaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationεὐχή: meaning 'vow'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause.
28
ἀποκαταστήσει δέ σοι δίαιταν δικαιοσύνης ἐπὶ δὲ ὁδοῖς σου ἔσται φέγγος
He will restore for you a way of righteousness, and light will be upon your ways.
Eliphaz sums up the promised renewal as restored order and illuminated paths.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἀποκαταστήσειrestoreVF FAI3S · ἵστημι + ἀπο + καταmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἵστημι + ἀπο + κατα: meaning 'restore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
δίαιτανprovisionN1S ASF · δίαιταhead noun or nominal element within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδίαιτα: meaning 'provision'; it serves as head noun or nominal element within the clause.
δικαιοσύνηςof righteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'of righteousness'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁδοῖςwayN2 DPF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὁδοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
φέγγοςbrightnessN3E NSN · φέγγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationφέγγος: meaning 'brightness'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
29
ὅτι ἐταπείνωσεν αὐτόν καὶ ἐρεῖς ὑπερηφανεύσατο καὶ κύφοντα ὀφθαλμοῖς σώσει
For he has humbled the proud, and you will say, 'He acted arrogantly,' but he will save the one with downcast eyes.
The promise rests on a familiar divine pattern: pride is brought low, while the humbled are saved.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐταπείνωσενhumbledVAI AAI3S · ταπεινόωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeταπεινόω: meaning 'humbled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐρεῖςsayVF2 FAI2S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἶπον: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ὑπερηφανεύσατοacted proudlyVAI AMI3S · ὑπερηφανεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὑπερηφανεύω: meaning 'acted proudly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύφονταbowing downV1 · παπασμ κύφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationπαπασμ κύφω: meaning 'bowing down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
σώσειit will saveVF FAI3S · σώζωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureσώζω: meaning 'it will save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
30
ῥύσεται ἀθῷον καὶ διασώθητι ἐν καθαραῖς χερσίν σου
He will rescue the innocent, and you will be delivered by the cleanness of your hands.
The chapter closes with rescue language tied to innocence and clean hands, the moral outcome Eliphaz urges Job to seek.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ῥύσεταιrescueVF FMI3S · ῥύομαιmain or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardῥύομαι: meaning 'rescue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἀθῷονinnocentA1 ASM · ἀθῷοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationἀθῷος: meaning 'innocent'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διασώθητιbe deliveredVC APD2S · σώζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσώζω + δια: meaning 'be delivered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
καθαραῖςcleanA1A DPF · καθαρόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationκαθαρός: meaning 'clean'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
χερσίνhandN3 DPF · χείρcommon noun within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ eliphaz: accusations and promised restorationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.