1
ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ιωβ λέγει
Then Job answered and said,
The verse marks Job as the speaker again and frames the reply that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
ὑπολαβὼνsupposeVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑποmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑπο: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ΙωβJobN NSM · Ιωβnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceΙωβ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ imperfective descriptionλέγω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
2
καὶ δὴ οἶδα ὅτι ἐκ χειρός μου ἡ ἔλεγξίς ἐστιν καὶ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ βαρεῖα γέγονεν ἐπ' ἐμῷ στεναγμῷ
Even now I know that my reproof comes from my own hand, and his hand has become heavy upon my groaning.
Job opens by insisting that his present protest is bound up with the crushing weight laid upon his groaning.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandD · καίconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
δὴnow / indeedX · δήconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδή: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
οἶδαI knowVX XAI1S · οἶδαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοἶδα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὅτι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐκ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
χειρόςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceχειρός: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἡ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἔλεγξίςreproofN3I NSF · ἔλεγξιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἔλεγξίς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἡ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
χεὶρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceχεὶρ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
βαρεῖαproud / heavyA3U NSF · βαρύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceβαρεῖα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
γέγονενhas occurred / come aboutVX XAI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγίγνομαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐπί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐμῷemoA1 DSM · ἐμόςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐμῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
στεναγμῷgroaningN2 DSM · στεναγμόςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceστεναγμῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
3
τίς δ' ἄρα γνοίη ὅτι εὕροιμι αὐτὸν καὶ ἔλθοιμι εἰς τέλος
Who then might know that I could find him and come to the end?
The question shifts from complaint to longing: Job wants to find God and reach the place where the case could be heard.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτίς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
δ'butX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἄραperhapsX · ἄραconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἄρα: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
γνοίηmight knowVZ AAO3S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγιγνώσκω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὅτι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
εὕροιμιI might findVB AAO1S · εὑρίσκωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεὑρίσκω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτὸν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἔλθοιμιI might comeVB AAO1S · ἔρχομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἔρχομαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἰς: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτέλος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
4
εἴποιμι δὲ ἐμαυτοῦ κρίμα τὸ δὲ στόμα μου ἐμπλήσαιμι ἐλέγχων
I would state my case before him, and I would fill my mouth with arguments.
He imagines the formal setting of a hearing in which he could set out his case fully.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
εἴποιμιI might stateVB AAO1S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἶπον: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐμαυτοῦmautouRD GSM · ἐμαυτοῦpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐμαυτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκρίμα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτὸ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceστόμα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐμπλήσαιμιI might fillVA AAO1S · πίμπλημι + ἐνmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπίμπλημι + ἐν: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ἐλέγχωνreprovingN2 GPM · ἔλεγχοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐλέγχων: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
5
γνῴην δὲ ῥήματα ἅ μοι ἐρεῖ αἰσθοίμην δὲ τίνα μοι ἀπαγγελεῖ
I would know the words that he will say to me, and I would perceive what he will report to me.
The hoped-for hearing includes not only speech from Job but an intelligible answer from God.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
γνῴηνI would knowVZ AAO1S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγιγνώσκω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ῥήματαwordsN3M APN · ῥῆμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceῥήματα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἅwho / whichRR APN · ὅςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἅ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμοι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐρεῖsayVF2 FAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionεἶπον: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
αἰσθοίμηνI would perceiveVB AMO1S · αἰσθάνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαἰσθάνομαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τίναtisRI ASM · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτίνα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμοι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἀπαγγελεῖwill declareVF2 FAI3S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
6
καὶ εἰ ἐν πολλῇ ἰσχύι ἐπελεύσεταί μοι εἶτα ἐν ἀπειλῇ μοι οὐ χρήσεται
Even if he should come upon me in great strength, he would not then use threats against me.
Job qualifies his longing by insisting that divine strength need not mean sheer intimidation.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
εἰifC · εἰconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἰ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
πολλῇgreatA1 DSF · πολύςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπολλῇ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἰσχύι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐπελεύσεταίhe will come uponVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionἔρχομαι + ἐπι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμοι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
εἶταthenD · εἶταconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἶτα: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἀπειλῇthreatN1 DSF · ἀπειλήdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἀπειλῇ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμοι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
χρήσεταιdealVF FMI3S · χράωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionχράω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
7
ἀλήθεια γὰρ καὶ ἔλεγχος παρ' αὐτοῦ ἐξαγάγοι δὲ εἰς τέλος τὸ κρίμα μου
For truth and reproof are from him, and he would bring my judgment to its conclusion.
He grounds that hope in God’s truthfulness: a just hearing from God would carry his case to a true end.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἀλήθειαtruthN1A NSF · ἀλήθειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἀλήθεια: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἔλεγχοςreproofN2 NSM · ἔλεγχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἔλεγχος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπαρά: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐξαγάγοιhe might bring outVB AAO3S · ἄγω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἄγω + ἐκ: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἰς: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτέλος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτὸ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκρίμα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
8
εἰς γὰρ πρῶτα πορεύσομαι καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμί τὰ δὲ ἐπ' ἐσχάτοις τί οἶδα
For I will go forward, and I am there no longer; and as to the last things, what do I know?
The longing collapses back into frustration, because when Job tries to seek God he cannot lay hold of him.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἰς: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
πρῶταthe former things / forwardA1 APNS · πρῶτοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπρῶτα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
πορεύσομαιI will travelVF FMI1S · πορεύομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionπορεύομαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
οὐκέτιno longerD · οὐκέτιconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐκέτι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
εἰμίI amV9 PAI1S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
τὰthe thingsRR APN · ὁpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτὰ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐπί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐσχάτοιςlastA1 DPM · ἔσχατοςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐσχάτοις: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
οἶδαI knowVX XAI1S · οἶδαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοἶδα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
9
ἀριστερὰ ποιήσαντος αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐ κατέσχον περιβαλεῖ δεξιά καὶ οὐκ ὄψομαι
When he has acted on the left, I did not grasp him; he will turn to the right, and I shall not see him.
The same frustration is expanded spatially: left and right alike fail to yield a sight of God.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἀριστερὰthe left sideA1 APN · ἀριστερόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἀριστερὰ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ποιήσαντοςdoVA · ααπγσμ ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceααπγσμ ποιέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
κατέσχονI graspedVBI AAI1S · ἔχω + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventἔχω + κατα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
περιβαλεῖhe turns aboutVF2 FAI3S · βάλλω + περιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionβάλλω + περι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δεξιάrightA1A APN · δεξιόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδεξιά: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ὄψομαιseeVF FMI1S · ὁράωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionὁράω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
10
οἶδεν γὰρ ἤδη ὁδόν μου διέκρινεν δέ με ὥσπερ τὸ χρυσίον
For he already knows my way; he tested me, and I shall come forth like gold.
Despite hiddenness, Job affirms that God knows his way and that testing will reveal rather than destroy him.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οἶδενknowsVX XAI3S · οἶδαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοἶδα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἤδηalreadyD · ἤδηconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἤδη: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ὁδόνroadN2 ASF · ὁδόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὁδόν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
διέκρινενhe testedVAI AAI3S · κρίνω + διαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventκρίνω + δια: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δέbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμε: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὥσπερ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτὸ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
χρυσίονgoldN2N ASN · χρυσίονaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceχρυσίον: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
11
ἐξελεύσομαι δὲ ἐν ἐντάλμασιν αὐτοῦ ὁδοὺς γὰρ αὐτοῦ ἐφύλαξα καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐκκλίνω
And I shall go forth in his commands, for I have kept his ways and certainly will not turn aside.
Job defends that confidence by appealing to his own record of guarding God’s ways.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐξελεύσομαιgo outVF FMI1S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionἔρχομαι + ἐκ: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐντάλμασινcommandsN3M DPN · ἔνταλμαdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐντάλμασιν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ὁδοὺςwaysN2 APF · ὁδόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὁδοὺς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐφύλαξαI keptVAI AAI1S · φυλάσσωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventφυλάσσω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμή: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐκκλίνωI turnV1 PAI1S · κλίνω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ imperfective descriptionκλίνω + ἐκ: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
12
ἀπὸ ἐνταλμάτων αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐ μὴ παρέλθω ἐν δὲ κόλπῳ μου ἔκρυψα ῥήματα αὐτοῦ
And I certainly will not pass beyond his commands; in my bosom I hid his words.
The defense intensifies: he has not crossed beyond the commands but has stored the words inwardly.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐνταλμάτωνcommandsN3M GPN · ἔνταλμαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐνταλμάτων: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμή: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
παρέλθωI pass beyondVB AAS1S · ἔρχομαι + παραmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventἔρχομαι + παρα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
κόλπῳbosomN2 DSM · κόλποςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκόλπῳ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἔκρυψαI hidVAI AAI1S · κρύπτωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventκρύπτω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ῥήματαwordsN3M APN · ῥῆμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceῥήματα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
13
εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἔκρινεν οὕτως τίς ἐστιν ὁ ἀντειπὼν αὐτῷ ὃ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἠθέλησεν καὶ ἐποίησεν
But if he himself has judged thus, who is the one who will speak against him? For what he himself willed, he also did.
The chapter then turns from obedience to sovereignty: if God has resolved a thing, no one can answer back.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
εἰifC · εἰconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceεἰ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτὸς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἔκρινενkrinoVAI AAI3S · κρίνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventκρίνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὕτως: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτίς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἀντειπὼνspeaking againstVB · ααπνσμ εἶπον + ἀντιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceααπνσμ εἶπον + ἀντι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ὃwhichRR ASN · ὅςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὃ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτὸς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἠθέλησενwilledVAI AAI3S · θέλωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventθέλω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
καὶandD · καίconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventποιέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
15
διὰ τοῦτο ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἐσπούδακα νουθετούμενος δὲ ἐφρόντισα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τούτῳ ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ κατασπουδασθῶ κατανοήσω καὶ πτοηθήσομαι ἐξ αὐτοῦ
For this reason I was earnest before him; and being admonished, I gave thought to him. On this account I will hurry before his face; I will consider and be terrified because of him.
That divine irresistibility produces haste, reflection, and terror before God’s face.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδιά: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτοῦτο: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐπί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐσπούδακαI was earnestVX XAI1S · σπουδάζωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceσπουδάζω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
νουθετούμενοςbeing admonishedV2 · πμπνσμ νουθετέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπμπνσμ νουθετέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐφρόντισαI gave thoughtVAI AAI1S · φροντίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventφροντίζω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐπί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
τούτῳto himRD DSM · οὗτοςpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτούτῳ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπροσώπου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
κατασπουδασθῶI will be in hasteVS APS1S · σπουδάζω + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceσπουδάζω + κατα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
κατανοήσωI will considerVF FAI1S · νοέω + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionνοέω + κατα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
πτοηθήσομαιI will be terrifiedVC FPI1S · πτοέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπτοέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceἐκ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
16
κύριος δὲ ἐμαλάκυνεν τὴν καρδίαν μου ὁ δὲ παντοκράτωρ ἐσπούδασέν με
And the Lord has softened my heart, and the Almighty has alarmed me.
The inner result is named directly: the heart is melted and the Almighty has unnerved him.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκύριος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐμαλάκυνενsoftenedV1I IAI3S · μαλακύνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμαλακύνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceτὴν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceκαρδίαν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπαντοκράτωρ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐσπούδασένhas alarmedVAI AAI3S · σπουδάζωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventσπουδάζω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμε: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
17
οὐ γὰρ ᾔδειν ὅτι ἐπελεύσεταί μοι σκότος πρὸ προσώπου δέ μου ἐκάλυψεν γνόφος
For I did not know that darkness would come upon me; but before my face deep gloom has covered me.
The closing line gathers the chapter into darkness and gloom that advance before the speaker.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ᾔδεινI knewVXI YAI1S · οἶδαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceοἶδα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective element linking the clause to its context→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceὅτι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
ἐπελεύσεταίhe will come uponVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ future projectionἔρχομαι + ἐπι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμοι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
σκότοςdarknessN3E ASN · σκότοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceσκότος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπρό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceπροσώπου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
δέbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Job 23's argument and lament.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceμου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.
ἐκάλυψενcoveredVAI AAI3S · καλύπτωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, appeal, or reflection→ aoristic eventκαλύπτω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Job 23's search for God, defense of integrity, and fear before divine sovereignty.
γνόφοςgloomN2 NSM · γνόφοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ inaccessible God and persistent innocenceγνόφος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 23's longing for vindication, hiddenness, and tested fidelity.