1
ἔτι δὲ προσθεὶς Ιωβ εἶπεν τῷ προοιμίῳ
And Job again took up his discourse and said,
A brief heading reopens Job's speech and prepares for a more solemn, oath-shaped declaration.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceἔτι: meaning 'still'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσθεὶςtaking up againVE · ααπνσμ τίθημι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyααπνσμ τίθημι + προς: meaning 'taking up again'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙωβJobN NSM · Ιωβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyΙωβ: meaning 'Job'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προοιμίῳdiscourseN2N DSN · προοίμιονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπροοίμιον: meaning 'discourse'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
2
ζῇ κύριος ὃς οὕτω με κέκρικεν καὶ ὁ παντοκράτωρ ὁ πικράνας μου τὴν ψυχήν
As the Lord lives, who has thus judged me, and the Almighty who has embittered my soul,
Job begins with a formal oath by the living God, even while naming God as the one who has dealt bitterly with him.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ζῇlivesV3 PAI3S · ζάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyζάω: meaning 'lives'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὅς: meaning 'who'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
οὕτωthusD · οὕτωςadverbial modifier qualifying manner, time, degree, or discourse flow→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοὕτω: meaning 'thus'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κέκρικενhas judgedVX XAI3S · κρίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκρίνω: meaning 'has judged'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πικράναςhaving embitteredVA · ααπνσμ πικραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyααπνσμ πικραίνω: meaning 'having embittered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
3
ἦ μὴν ἔτι τῆς πνοῆς μου ἐνούσης πνεῦμα δὲ θεῖον τὸ περιόν μοι ἐν ῥισίν
surely while my breath is still in me, and the divine spirit remains in my nostrils,
The oath is anchored in the continuing gift of life and breath that still remains to Job.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴνmonthX · μήνconnective linking the clause to its context→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceἔτι: meaning 'still'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πνοῆςbreathN1 GSF · πνοήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπνοή: meaning 'breath'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐνούσηςremainingV9 · παπγσφ εἰμί + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαπγσφ εἰμί + ἐν: meaning 'remaining'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M NSN · πνεῦμαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θεῖονdivineA1A NSN · θεῖοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyθεῖος: meaning 'divine'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
περιόνremainingV9 · παπνσν εἰμί + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαπνσν εἰμί + περι: meaning 'remaining'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ῥισίνnostrilsN3 DPF · ῥίςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyῥίς: meaning 'nostrils'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
4
μὴ λαλήσειν τὰ χείλη μου ἄνομα οὐδὲ ἡ ψυχή μου μελετήσει ἄδικα
my lips shall not speak lawless things, nor will my soul meditate injustice.
Job defines his integrity negatively: he will neither utter falsehood nor inwardly turn toward injustice.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
λαλήσεινspeakVF FAN · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείληlipsN3E APN · χεῖλοςaccusative element functioning as object or complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχεῖλος: meaning 'lips'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἄνομαlawlessA1B APN · ἄνομοςattributive adjective describing τινες→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as attributive adjective describing τινες.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or steps in the argument→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
μελετήσειmeditateVF FAI3S · μελετάωfinite verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form presenting the action as forthcomingμελετάω: meaning 'meditate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἄδικαunjustA1B APN · ἄδικοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἄδικος: meaning 'unjust'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement.
5
μή μοι εἴη δικαίους ὑμᾶς ἀποφῆναι ἕως ἂν ἀποθάνω οὐ γὰρ ἀπαλλάξω μου τὴν ἀκακίαν
Far be it from me to declare you righteous; until I die, I will not put away my innocence from me.
The direct target of the oath appears here: Job refuses to vindicate the friends' case against him.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
μήnotD · μήadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμή: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
εἴηwere / would beV9 PAO3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionεἰμί: meaning 'were'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
δικαίουςthe righteousA1A APM · δίκαιοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent within the proverb→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδίκαιος: meaning 'the righteous'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent within the proverb.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning as object or complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἀποφῆναιto declareVA AAN · φαίνω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyφαίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'to declare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: meaning 'until'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνmodal particle with the subjunctive→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποθάνωI dieVB AAS1S · θνήσκω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyθνήσκω + ἀπο: meaning 'I die'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπαλλάξωI will put awayVF FAI1S · ἀλλάσσω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀλλάσσω + ἀπο: meaning 'I will put away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀκακίανinnocenceN1A ASF · ἀκακίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀκακία: meaning 'innocence'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
6
δικαιοσύνῃ δὲ προσέχων οὐ μὴ προῶμαι οὐ γὰρ σύνοιδα ἐμαυτῷ ἄτοπα πράξας
Holding fast to righteousness, I will not let it go, for I am conscious against myself of having done no perversity.
Job grounds his refusal in sustained attachment to righteousness and in a conscience not accusing him of outrageous wrong.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
δικαιοσύνῃrighteousnessN1 DSF · δικαιοσύνηdative complement marking reference, sphere, means, or relation→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as dative complement marking reference, sphere, means, or relation.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσέχωνgiving heedV1 · παπνσμ ἔχω + προςparticipial verbal form qualifying an action, agent, or circumstance→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαπνσμ ἔχω + προς: meaning 'giving heed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form qualifying an action, agent, or circumstance.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
προῶμαιI let goVA AMS1S · ἵημι + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἵημι + προ: meaning 'I let go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σύνοιδαI am consciousVX XAI1S · οἶδα + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοἶδα + συν: meaning 'I am conscious'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμαυτῷfor myselfRD DSM · ἐμαυτοῦdative reflexive pronoun of advantage→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἐμαυτῷ: meaning 'for myself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative reflexive pronoun of advantage.
ἄτοπαperverse thingsA1B APN · ἄτοποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἄτοπος: meaning 'perverse things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πράξαςhaving done thisVA · ααπνσμ πράσσωparticiple describing attendant action, manner, or state→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyααπνσμ πράσσω: meaning 'having done this'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle describing attendant action, manner, or state.
7
οὐ μὴν δὲ ἀλλὰ εἴησαν οἱ ἐχθροί μου ὥσπερ ἡ καταστροφὴ τῶν ἀσεβῶν καὶ οἱ ἐπ' ἐμὲ ἐπανιστανόμενοι ὥσπερ ἡ ἀπώλεια τῶν παρανόμων
Yet let my enemies be like the overthrow of the ungodly, and those rising against me like the destruction of the lawless.
Job distances himself from the wicked by wishing their end upon those who oppose him.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴνmonthX · μήνconnective linking the clause to its context→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάcoordinating or discourse-linking conjunction→ coordinationἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴησανlet them beV9 PAO3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyεἰμί: meaning 'let them be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐχθροίenemiesN2 NPM · ἐχθρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἐχθρός: meaning 'enemies'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταστροφὴdownfallN1 NSF · καταστροφήcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκαταστροφή: meaning 'downfall'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐμὲmeRP AS · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἐμὲ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐπανιστανόμενοιrising againstVM · αμπνπμ ανίστημι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyαμπνπμ ανίστημι + ἐπι: meaning 'rising against'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπώλειαdestructionN1A NSF · ἀπώλειαnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παρανόμωνlawlessA1B GPM · παράνομοςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαράνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
8
καὶ τίς γάρ ἐστιν ἐλπὶς ἀσεβεῖ ὅτι ἐπέχει πεποιθὼς ἐπὶ κύριον ἆρα σωθήσεται
For what hope has the ungodly, that he persists, trusting in the Lord? Will he be saved?
The question challenges any supposed security available to a wicked person in the day of reckoning.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle shaping the clause relation→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyγάρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ἐλπὶςhopeN3D NSF · ἐλπίςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as nominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clause.
ἀσεβεῖungodlyA3H DSM · ἀσεβήςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπέχειhe persistsV1 PAI3S · ἔχω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἔχω + ἐπι: meaning 'he persists'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πεποιθὼςtrustVX · χαπνσμ πείθωparticiple supporting the clause action→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardχαπνσμ πείθω: meaning 'trust'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle supporting the clause action.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἆραindeedX · ἆραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἆρα: meaning 'indeed'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σωθήσεταιsaveVC FPI3S · σώζωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petition→ future passiveσώζω: meaning 'save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petition.
9
ἦ τὴν δέησιν αὐτοῦ εἰσακούσεται κύριος ἢ ἐπελθούσης αὐτῷ ἀνάγκης
Will the Lord listen to his supplication when distress comes upon him?
The second question presses whether crisis-prayer from the ungodly can expect a hearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δέησινprayerN3I ASF · δέησιςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδέησις: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰσακούσεταιlisten toVF FMI3S · ἀκούω + εἰςFinite verb / predicate→ future force: projected action or resultἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'listen to'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as Finite verb / predicate.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπελθούσηςwhen it comes uponVB · ααπγσφ ἔρχομαι + ἐπιparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyααπγσφ ἔρχομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'when it comes upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ἀνάγκηςdistressN1 GSF · ἀνάγκηnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀνάγκη: meaning 'distress'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
10
μὴ ἔχει τινὰ παρρησίαν ἔναντι αὐτοῦ ἢ ὡς ἐπικαλεσαμένου αὐτοῦ εἰσακούσεται αὐτοῦ
Does he have any boldness before him, or when he calls upon him, will he be heard?
The issue is not only rescue but confidence: the ungodly lacks free access before God.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔχειhasV1 PAI3S · ἔχωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present verbal form presenting ongoing or immediate actionἔχω: meaning 'has'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
τινὰa certainRI ASM · τιςaccusative element functioning as object or complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyτις: meaning 'a certain'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
παρρησίανpublic boldnessN1A ASF · παρρησίαaccusative term functioning as complement or object→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαρρησία: meaning 'public boldness'; it serves as accusative term functioning as complement or object.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἔναντι: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἐπικαλεσαμένουcalling uponVA · αμπγσμ καλέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyαμπγσμ καλέω + ἐπι: meaning 'calling upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰσακούσεταιlisten toVF FMI3S · ἀκούω + εἰςFinite verb / predicate→ future force: projected action or resultἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'listen to'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as Finite verb / predicate.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
11
ἀλλὰ δὴ ἀναγγελῶ ὑμῖν τί ἐστιν ἐν χειρὶ κυρίου ἅ ἐστιν παρὰ παντοκράτορι οὐ ψεύσομαι
But indeed I will declare to you what is in the hand of the Lord; what is with the Almighty I will not lie about.
Job turns from questions to instruction and presents himself as speaking truthfully about God's dealings.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάcoordinating or discourse-linking conjunction→ coordinationἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὴnow / indeedX · δήsubstantive, modifier, or particle functioning within the clause according to context→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὴ: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναγγελῶlet me tell / I will declareVF2 FAI1S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναmain verb (volitive future)→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'let me tell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (volitive future).
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronoun functioning as dative complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἅwho / whichRR APN · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἅ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
παντοκράτοριAlmightyN3R DSM · παντοκράτωρdative element functioning within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as dative element functioning within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
ψεύσομαιI will lieVF FMI1S · ψεύδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyψεύδω: meaning 'I will lie'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
12
ἰδοὺ δὴ πάντες οἴδατε ὅτι κενὰ κενοῖς ἐπιβάλλετε
Behold, you all know that you are laying empty things upon empty things.
Before giving his teaching, Job rebukes the friends for multiplying empty judgments.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
δὴnow / indeedX · δήsubstantive, modifier, or particle functioning within the clause according to context→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὴ: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
οἴδατεyou knowVX XAD2P · οἶδαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοἶδα: meaning 'you know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κενὰempty thingsA1 APN · κενόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκενός: meaning 'empty things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κενοῖςempty thingsA1 DPM · κενόςdative element marking reference, means, or association→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκενός: meaning 'empty things'; it serves as dative element marking reference, means, or association.
ἐπιβάλλετεyou heap upV1 PAI2P · βάλλω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyβάλλω + ἐπι: meaning 'you heap up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
13
αὕτη ἡ μερὶς ἀνθρώπου ἀσεβοῦς παρὰ κυρίου κτῆμα δὲ δυναστῶν ἐλεύσεται παρὰ παντοκράτορος ἐπ' αὐτούς
This is the portion of an ungodly man from the Lord, and the possession of the mighty will come upon them from the Almighty:
Job now states the fixed portion assigned to the ungodly and the violent by divine judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyαὕτη: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μερὶςportionN3D NSF · μερίςcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyμερίς: meaning 'portion'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
ἀσεβοῦςof the ungodlyA3H GSM · ἀσεβήςgenitival modifier within the phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as genitival modifier within the phrase.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κτῆμαpossessionN3M NSN · κτῆμαnominative term functioning as subject or predicate within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκτῆμα: meaning 'possession'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject or predicate within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δυναστῶνrulerN1M GPM · δυνάστηςgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδυνάστης: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
ἐλεύσεταιwill comeVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαιfinite verb advancing the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἔρχομαι: meaning 'will come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
παντοκράτοροςAlmightyN3R GSM · παντοκράτωρgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
14
ἐὰν δὲ πολλοὶ γένωνται οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ εἰς σφαγὴν ἔσονται ἐὰν δὲ καὶ ἀνδρωθῶσιν προσαιτήσουσιν
If his sons become many, they will be for slaughter; and if they grow to manhood, they will beg.
The wicked person's apparent legacy collapses: descendants end either in death or in humiliating want.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πολλοὶmanyA1 NPM · πολύςnominative head term or subject complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as nominative head term or subject complement.
γένωνταιmay becomeVB AMS3P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyγίγνομαι: meaning 'may become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σφαγὴνslaughterN1 ASF · σφαγήaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or complement in the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyσφαγή: meaning 'slaughter'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, extent, or complement in the clause.
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνδρωθῶσινgrow to manhoodVC APS3P · ἀνδρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀνδρόω: meaning 'grow to manhood'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
προσαιτήσουσινthey will begVF FAI3P · αἰτέω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyαἰτέω + προς: meaning 'they will beg'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
15
οἱ δὲ περιόντες αὐτοῦ ἐν θανάτῳ τελευτήσουσιν χήρας δὲ αὐτῶν οὐθεὶς ἐλεήσει
Those of his who survive will die in death, and no one will pity their widows.
Even the remnant of the wicked house receives no soft landing, and its widows are left without compassion.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιόντεςsurvivingV9 · παπνπμ εἰμί + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπαπνπμ εἰμί + περι: meaning 'surviving'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
θανάτῳdeathN2 DSM · θάνατοςnominal term functioning as a dative complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyθάνατος: meaning 'death'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a dative complement.
τελευτήσουσινwill dieVF FAI3P · τελευτάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyτελευτάω: meaning 'will die'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χήραςwidowN1A GSF · χήραGenitive modifier→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχήρα: meaning 'widow'; it serves as Genitive modifier.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
οὐθεὶςno oneA3 NSF · οὐδείςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοὐδείς: meaning 'no one'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐλεήσειwill have mercyVF FAI3S · ἐλεέωfinite verbal form advancing the clause action or assertion→ futureἐλεέω: meaning 'will have mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form advancing the clause action or assertion.
16
ἐὰν συναγάγῃ ὥσπερ γῆν ἀργύριον ἴσα δὲ πηλῷ ἑτοιμάσῃ χρυσίον
If he gathers silver like earth, and prepares gold like clay,
Accumulation of wealth is granted its full scale only so its futility can be exposed.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
συναγάγῃgathers togetherVB AAS3S · ἄγω + συνfinite verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeἄγω + συν: meaning 'gathers together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form advancing the clause.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N ASN · ἀργύριονaccusative complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative complement.
ἴσαlikeD · ἴσοςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἴσα: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πηλῷclayN2 DSM · πηλόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπηλός: meaning 'clay'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἑτοιμάσῃhe preparesVF FMI2S · ἑτοιμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'he prepares'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χρυσίονgoldN2N ASN · χρυσίονaccusative complement→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχρυσίον: meaning 'gold'; it serves as accusative complement.
17
ταῦτα πάντα δίκαιοι περιποιήσονται τὰ δὲ χρήματα αὐτοῦ ἀληθινοὶ καθέξουσιν
the righteous will acquire all these things, and the true will hold his wealth.
The goods amassed by the wicked do not stay with him; they pass into the hands of the righteous.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
δίκαιοιrighteousA1A NPM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the proverb→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the proverb.
περιποιήσονταιwill acquireVF FMI3P · ποιέω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyποιέω + περι: meaning 'will acquire'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χρήματαmoneyN3M APN · χρῆμαaccusative element functioning within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχρῆμα: meaning 'money'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀληθινοὶthe trueA1 NPM · ἀληθινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀληθινός: meaning 'the true'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καθέξουσινwill holdVF FAI3P · ἔχω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἔχω + κατα: meaning 'will hold'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
18
ἀπέβη δὲ ὁ οἶκος αὐτοῦ ὥσπερ σῆτες καὶ ὥσπερ ἀράχνη
And his house has gone away like moth-work, and like a spider's web.
The wicked man's house is reduced to images of extreme frailty, unable to endure real pressure.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἀπέβηhas gone awayVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyβαίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'has gone away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
σῆτεςmoth-workN1M NPM · σήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyσής: meaning 'moth-work'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἀράχνηspiderN1 NSF · ἀράχνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἀράχνη: meaning 'spider'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
19
πλούσιος κοιμηθεὶς καὶ οὐ προσθήσει ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ διήνοιξεν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν
The rich man has lain down, and he will do so no more; he opened his eyes, and he is not there.
The transition from lying down to waking exposes how suddenly the rich man's security disappears.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
πλούσιοςthe richA1A NSM · πλούσιοςsubject of καυχάσθω (third of three)→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyπλούσιος: meaning 'the rich'; it serves as subject of καυχάσθω (third of three).
κοιμηθεὶςhaving lain downVC · αππνσμ κοιμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyαππνσμ κοιμάω: meaning 'having lain down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
προσθήσειcontinue / addVF FAI3S · τίθημι + προςfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardτίθημι + προς: meaning 'continue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ὀφθαλμοὺςeyesN2 APM · ὀφθαλμόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
διήνοιξενopened wideVAI AAI3S · οἴγω + δια + ἀναverbal element carrying the clause’s action, process, or verbal force→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyοἴγω + δια + ἀνα: meaning 'opened wide'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the clause’s action, process, or verbal force.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
20
συνήντησαν αὐτῷ ὥσπερ ὕδωρ αἱ ὀδύναι νυκτὶ δὲ ὑφείλατο αὐτὸν γνόφος
Pains met him like water, and in the night darkness carried him away.
Terror comes with the force of floodwater, while night and darkness snatch him out of sight.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
συνήντησανmeetVAI AAI3P · ἀντάω + συνfinite verbal predicate carrying the clause action→ constative aoristἀντάω + συν: meaning 'meet'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal predicate carrying the clause action.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὀδύναιpainsN1 NPF · ὀδύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyὀδύνη: meaning 'pains'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
νυκτὶnightN3 DSF · νύξdative of time→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyνύξ: meaning 'night'; it serves as dative of time.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑφείλατοcarried awayVB AMI3S · αἱρέω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyαἱρέω + ὑπο: meaning 'carried away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
γνόφοςgloomN2 NSM · γνόφοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyγνόφος: meaning 'gloom'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
21
ἀναλήμψεται αὐτὸν καύσων καὶ ἀπελεύσεται καὶ λικμήσει αὐτὸν ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὐτοῦ
Scorching heat will carry him off and he will depart, and it will winnow him out from his place.
The wicked man is removed by hostile natural imagery, as though the world itself expels him from his place.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀναλήμψεταιshall carry offVF FMI3S · λαμβάνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationλαμβάνω + ἀνα: meaning 'shall carry off'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
καύσωνscorching heatVF · φαπνσμ καίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyφαπνσμ καίω: meaning 'scorching heat'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπελεύσεταιhe will departVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἀποverbal element carrying the clause’s action, process, command, or state→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyἔρχομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'he will depart'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the clause’s action, process, command, or state.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λικμήσειwill winnow outVF FAI3S · λικμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyλικμάω: meaning 'will winnow out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόπουplaceN2 GSM · τόποςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
22
καὶ ἐπιρρίψει ἐπ' αὐτὸν καὶ οὐ φείσεται ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ φυγῇ φεύξεται
And it will cast itself upon him and will not spare; fleeing, he will flee from its hand.
Judgment is portrayed as an unsparing assailant from whose grip panicked flight cannot deliver.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιρρίψειwill cast itselfVF FAI3S · ῥίπτω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyῥίπτω + ἐπι: meaning 'will cast itself'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
φείσεταιφείδομαιVF FMI3S · φείδομαιmain verb→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyφείδομαι: meaning 'φείδομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
φυγῇin flightN1 DSF · φυγήdative substantive expressing relation, means, location, or indirect object→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyφυγή: meaning 'in flight'; it serves as dative substantive expressing relation, means, location, or indirect object.
φεύξεταιwill fleeVF FMI3S · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ futureφεύγω: meaning 'will flee'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
23
κροτήσει ἐπ' αὐτοῦ χεῖρας αὐτοῦ καὶ συριεῖ αὐτὸν ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὐτοῦ
It will clap its hands over him and whistle him away from his place.
The final note adds public contempt to destruction: the wicked man is driven out amid clapping and hissing.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
κροτήσειwill clapVF FAI3S · κροτέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyκροτέω: meaning 'will clap'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyχείρ: meaning 'hands'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συριεῖwill hissVF2 FAI3S · συρίζωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future aspect: presents the action as prospectiveσυρίζω: meaning 'will hiss'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόπουplaceN2 GSM · τόποςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ oath of innocence and wicked destinyτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
αὐτοῦsame / her / himRD GSN · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relation→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'same'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.