1
ἔτι δὲ προσθεὶς Ιωβ εἶπεν τῷ προοιμίῳ
And Job again took up his discourse and said,
A brief narrative heading reopens Job's speech and marks the beginning of his extended recollection.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceἔτι: meaning 'still'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσθεὶςtaking up againVE · ααπνσμ τίθημι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingααπνσμ τίθημι + προς: meaning 'taking up again'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙωβJobN NSM · Ιωβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingΙωβ: meaning 'Job'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προοιμίῳdiscourseN2N DSN · προοίμιονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingπροοίμιον: meaning 'discourse'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
2
τίς ἄν με θείη κατὰ μῆνα ἔμπροσθεν ἡμερῶν ὧν με ὁ θεὸς ἐφύλαξεν
Who would set me as in the months before, as in the days when God kept me,
Job opens with a longing wish to be restored to the former period of divine protection.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἄνeverX · ἄνconnective or particle linking the argument→ remembered honor and former blessingἄν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
θείηwould setVE AAO3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτίθημι: meaning 'would set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
μῆναmonthN3 ASM · μήνaccusative complement→ remembered honor and former blessingμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as accusative complement.
ἔμπροσθενbeforeP · ἔμπροσθενpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἔμπροσθεν: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ remembered honor and former blessingἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ὧνwho / whichRR GPF · ὅςgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingὧν: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ remembered honor and former blessingθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἐφύλαξενhe keptVAI AAI3S · φυλάσσωfinite verb advancing the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingφυλάσσω: meaning 'he kept'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
3
ὡς ὅτε ηὔγει ὁ λύχνος αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς μου ὅτε τῷ φωτὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπορευόμην ἐν σκότει
when his lamp shone above my head, when by his light I walked through darkness,
The remembered past is pictured as a time when divine illumination guided Job through every darkness.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ηὔγειshoneV1I IAI3S · αὔγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingαὔγω: meaning 'shone'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λύχνοςlampN2 NSM · λύχνοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or heading term→ remembered honor and former blessingλύχνος: meaning 'lamp'; it serves as nominative nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or heading term.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὲρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κεφαλῆςheadN1 GSF · κεφαλήgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or description→ remembered honor and former blessingκεφαλή: meaning 'head'; it serves as genitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or description.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωτὶlightN3T DSN · φῶςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπορευόμηνwas walkingV1I IMI1S · πορεύομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπορεύομαι: meaning 'was walking'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σκότειdarknessN3E DSN · σκότοςdative complement marking indirect object, reference, location, or means→ remembered honor and former blessingσκότος: meaning 'darkness'; it serves as dative complement marking indirect object, reference, location, or means.
4
ὅτε ἤμην ἐπιβρίθων ὁδοῖς ὅτε ὁ θεὸς ἐπισκοπὴν ἐποιεῖτο τοῦ οἴκου μου
when I was flourishing in my ways, when God kept watch over my house,
Job links his former vitality with God's attentive oversight of his household.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἤμηνI wasV9I IMI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingεἰμί: meaning 'I was'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπιβρίθωνflourishingV1 · παπνσμ βρίθω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπαπνσμ βρίθω + ἐπι: meaning 'flourishing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁδοῖςwayN2 DPF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingὁδοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ remembered honor and former blessingθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἐπισκοπὴνvisitationN1 ASF · ἐπισκοπήaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingἐπισκοπή: meaning 'visitation'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐποιεῖτοdoV2I IMI3S · ποιέωfinite verbal action advancing or explaining the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal action advancing or explaining the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ remembered honor and former blessingοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
5
ὅτε ἤμην ὑλώδης λίαν κύκλῳ δέ μου οἱ παῖδες
when I was very luxuriant, and my children were around me,
The remembered blessing includes both Job's own vigor and the living circle of his children.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἤμηνI wasV9I IMI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingεἰμί: meaning 'I was'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑλώδηςluxuriantA3H NSM · ὑλώδηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ remembered honor and former blessingὑλώδης: meaning 'luxuriant'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λίανgreatlyD · λίανadverbial modifier qualifying manner, time, degree, or discourse flow→ remembered honor and former blessingλίαν: meaning 'greatly'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
κύκλῳaroundN2 DSM · κύκλοςcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingκύκλος: meaning 'around'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παῖδεςservantN3D NPM · παῖςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ remembered honor and former blessingπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
6
ὅτε ἐχέοντό μου αἱ ὁδοὶ βουτύρῳ τὰ δὲ ὄρη μου ἐχέοντο γάλακτι
when my paths were poured out with butter, and my mountains poured out milk for me,
Images of overflowing butter and milk compress Job's former abundance into almost paradisal provision.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐχέοντόwere poured outV2I IMI3P · χέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingχέω: meaning 'were poured out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὁδοὶwaysN2 NPF · ὁδόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingὁδός: meaning 'ways'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
βουτύρῳwith butterN2N DSN · βούτυρονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingβούτυρον: meaning 'with butter'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄρηmountainsN3E NPN · ὄροςsubject nominative of the second ἔστιλβεν→ remembered honor and former blessingὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as subject nominative of the second ἔστιλβεν.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐχέοντοwere pouring outV2I IMI3P · χέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingχέω: meaning 'were pouring out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γάλακτιmilkN3 DSN · γάλαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingγάλα: meaning 'milk'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
7
ὅτε ἐξεπορευόμην ὄρθριος ἐν πόλει ἐν δὲ πλατείαις ἐτίθετό μου ὁ δίφρος
when I went out early into the city, and in the squares my seat was set,
The scene moves from private blessing to public authority as Job takes his honored place in the civic square.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or subordinating marker shaping the clause relation→ remembered honor and former blessingὅτε: meaning 'when'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐξεπορευόμηνI went outV1I IMI1S · πορεύομαι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπορεύομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'I went out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄρθριοςearly in the morningA1A NSM · ὄρθριοςsubject or predicate element within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingὄρθριος: meaning 'early in the morning'; it serves as subject or predicate element within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πόλειcityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ remembered honor and former blessingπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλατείαιςstreetsA3U DPF · πλατύςDative complement→ remembered honor and former blessingπλατύς: meaning 'streets'; it serves as Dative complement.
ἐτίθετόwas setV7I IMI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτίθημι: meaning 'was set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δίφροςseatN2 NSM · δίφροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ remembered honor and former blessingδίφρος: meaning 'seat'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
8
ἰδόντες με νεανίσκοι ἐκρύβησαν πρεσβῦται δὲ πάντες ἔστησαν
the young men, seeing me, hid themselves, and all the elders stood up;
Both the young and the old respond instinctively to Job's presence with deference.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἰδόντεςseeVB · ααπνπμ ὁράωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description→ verbal action framed by the clause contextααπνπμ ὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or description.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
νεανίσκοιyoung menN2 NPM · νεανίσκοςsubject of the following verbal action→ remembered honor and former blessingνεανίσκος: meaning 'young men'; it serves as subject of the following verbal action.
ἐκρύβησανhid themselvesVDI API3P · κρύπτωmain verb of concealment→ remembered honor and former blessingκρύπτω: meaning 'hid themselves'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of concealment.
πρεσβῦταιenvoysN1M NPM · πρεσβύτηςnominal element functioning as subject or predicate within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπρεσβύτης: meaning 'envoys'; it serves as nominal element functioning as subject or predicate within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἔστησανstoodVAI AAI3P · ἵστημιverbal element advancing the clause→ aorist summary statementἵστημι: meaning 'stood'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element advancing the clause.
9
ἁδροὶ δὲ ἐπαύσαντο λαλοῦντες δάκτυλον ἐπιθέντες ἐπὶ στόματι
and the nobles stopped speaking, laying a finger upon their mouth;
The powerful fall silent before Job, and the gesture at the mouth heightens the scene of reverent restraint.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἁδροὶmighty oneA1A NPM · ἁδρόςhead noun or nominal element within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἁδρός: meaning 'mighty one'; it serves as head noun or nominal element within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπαύσαντοstoppedVAI AMI3P · παύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπαύω: meaning 'stopped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λαλοῦντεςspeakV2 · παπνπμ λαλέωparticipial modifier qualifying the surrounding clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπαπνπμ λαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial modifier qualifying the surrounding clause.
δάκτυλονfingerN2 ASM · δάκτυλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingδάκτυλος: meaning 'finger'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπιθέντεςplacingVE · ααπνπμ τίθημι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingααπνπμ τίθημι + ἐπι: meaning 'placing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
στόματιmouthN3M DSN · στόμαdative substantive or modifier marking relation, means, location, or interest→ remembered honor and former blessingστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as dative substantive or modifier marking relation, means, location, or interest.
10
οἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες ἐμακάρισάν με καὶ γλῶσσα αὐτῶν τῷ λάρυγγι αὐτῶν ἐκολλήθη
and those who heard me pronounced me blessed, and their tongue clove to their throat;
Job's reputation is remembered as producing both blessing and hushed awe among hearers.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκούσαντεςhaving heardVA · ααπνπμ ἀκούωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ remembered honor and former blessingααπνπμ ἀκούω: meaning 'having heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
ἐμακάρισάνpronounced blessedVAI AAI3P · μακαρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingμακαρίζω: meaning 'pronounced blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γλῶσσαtongueN1S NSF · γλῶσσαnominative term functioning in the clause core→ remembered honor and former blessingγλῶσσα: meaning 'tongue'; it serves as nominative term functioning in the clause core.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λάρυγγιthroatN3G DSM · λάρυγξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingλάρυγξ: meaning 'throat'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐκολλήθηwas joinedVCI API3S · κολλάωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingκολλάω: meaning 'was joined'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
11
ὅτι οὖς ἤκουσεν καὶ ἐμακάρισέν με ὀφθαλμὸς δὲ ἰδών με ἐξέκλινεν
for an ear heard and blessed me, and an eye, seeing me, inclined toward me;
Job gives the reason for the public honor: both report and direct sight led people to approve him.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὖςearN3T NSN · οὖςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingοὖς: meaning 'ear'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἤκουσενheardVAI AAI3S · ἀκούωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἀκούω: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμακάρισένpronounced blessedVAI AAI3S · μακαρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingμακαρίζω: meaning 'pronounced blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὀφθαλμὸςeyeN2 NSM · ὀφθαλμόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰδώνseeingVB · ααπνσμ ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingααπνσμ ὁράω: meaning 'seeing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐξέκλινενhe turned asideV1I IAI3S · κλίνω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ imperfective past: portrays continuing or repeated actionκλίνω + ἐκ: meaning 'he turned aside'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
12
διέσωσα γὰρ πτωχὸν ἐκ χειρὸς δυνάστου καὶ ὀρφανῷ ᾧ οὐκ ἦν βοηθός ἐβοήθησα
for I delivered the poor from the hand of the oppressor, and I helped the orphan who had no helper;
The first proof of Job's public blessing is his rescue of those exposed to exploitation and abandonment.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
διέσωσαdeliveredVAI AAI1S · σώζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingσώζω + δια: meaning 'delivered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πτωχὸνneedy / poor manN2 ASM · πτωχόςdirect object of ἐγείρει→ remembered honor and former blessingπτωχός: meaning 'needy'; it serves as direct object of ἐγείρει.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ remembered honor and former blessingχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
δυνάστουof a rulerN1M GSM · δυνάστηςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingδυνάστης: meaning 'of a ruler'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀρφανῷorphanA1 DSM · ὀρφανόςdative complement within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingὀρφανός: meaning 'orphan'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.
ᾧwhichRR DSM · ὅςdative complement within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingᾧ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative complement within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἦνwasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ imperfective past: portrays continuing or repeated actionἦν: meaning 'was'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
βοηθόςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςSubject / head term→ remembered honor and former blessingβοηθός: meaning 'helper'; it serves as Subject / head term.
ἐβοήθησαhelpedVAI AAI1S · βοηθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingβοηθέω: meaning 'helped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
13
εὐλογία ἀπολλυμένου ἐπ' ἐμὲ ἔλθοι στόμα δὲ χήρας με εὐλόγησεν
the blessing of the perishing man came upon me, and the mouth of the widow blessed me;
Those nearest to ruin and bereavement become the living witnesses to Job's righteousness.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
εὐλογίαblessingN1A NSF · εὐλογίαnominative head term or subject complement→ remembered honor and former blessingεὐλογία: meaning 'blessing'; it serves as nominative head term or subject complement.
ἀπολλυμένουperishingV5 · πμπγσμ ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπμπγσμ ὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'perishing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐμὲmeRP AS · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἐμὲ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἔλθοιmay ... comeVB AAO3S · ἔρχομαιmain verb (optative of wish/vow)→ constative aorist optative (a single wished event: prayer arriving at the temple)ἔρχομαι: meaning 'may ... come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (optative of wish/vow).
στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χήραςwidowN1A GSF · χήραGenitive modifier→ remembered honor and former blessingχήρα: meaning 'widow'; it serves as Genitive modifier.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
εὐλόγησενblessedVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
14
δικαιοσύνην δὲ ἐνεδεδύκειν ἠμφιασάμην δὲ κρίμα ἴσα διπλοί̈δι
I had clothed myself with righteousness, and I wrapped myself with judgment as with a double robe;
Job describes justice not as an occasional act but as a garment habitually worn.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνεδεδύκεινhad clothed myselfVXI YAI1S · δύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδύω + ἐν: meaning 'had clothed myself'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἠμφιασάμηνwrapped myselfVAI AMI1S · ἀμφιάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἀμφιάζω: meaning 'wrapped myself'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
ἴσαasD · ἴσοςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingἴσα: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διπλοί̈διdouble robeN3D DSF · διπλοί̈ςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingδιπλοί̈ς: meaning 'double robe'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
15
ὀφθαλμὸς ἤμην τυφλῶν ποὺς δὲ χωλῶν
I was eyes for the blind, and feet for the lame;
The metaphor turns Job into a bodily extension for those whose weakness left them unable to act alone.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ὀφθαλμὸςeyeN2 NSM · ὀφθαλμόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἤμηνI wasV9I IMI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingεἰμί: meaning 'I was'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τυφλῶνblindA1 GPM · τυφλόςgenitive dependent within the phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingτυφλός: meaning 'blind'; it serves as genitive dependent within the phrase.
ποὺςfootN3D NSM · πούςsubject of σφαλῇ→ remembered honor and former blessingπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as subject of σφαλῇ.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χωλῶνthe lameA1 GPM · χωλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ remembered honor and former blessingχωλός: meaning 'the lame'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
16
ἐγὼ ἤμην πατὴρ ἀδυνάτων δίκην δέ ἣν οὐκ ᾔδειν ἐξιχνίασα
I was father of the weak, and the case that I did not know I searched out;
Job's justice extended beyond sentiment: he investigated unknown cases until the truth was found.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἤμηνI wasV9I IMI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingεἰμί: meaning 'I was'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πατὴρfatherN3 NSM · πατήρnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ remembered honor and former blessingπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἀδυνάτωνthe weakA1B GPM · ἀδύνατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ remembered honor and former blessingἀδύνατος: meaning 'the weak'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δίκηνjusticeN1 ASF · δίκηaccusative element functioning within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδίκη: meaning 'justice'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἣνwho / whomRR ASF · ὅςaccusative object or complement→ remembered honor and former blessingἣν: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative object or complement.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ᾔδεινI knewVXI YAI1S · οἶδαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingοἶδα: meaning 'I knew'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξιχνίασαsearched outVAI AAI1S · ἐξιχνιάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἐξιχνιάζω: meaning 'searched out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
17
συνέτριψα δὲ μύλας ἀδίκων ἐκ δὲ μέσου τῶν ὀδόντων αὐτῶν ἅρπαγμα ἐξέσπασα
and I broke the jaw-teeth of the unjust, and from the midst of their teeth I snatched the prey;
The imagery becomes violent to show that Job's righteousness opposed predation rather than merely lamenting it.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
συνέτριψαcrushedVAI AAI1S · τρίβω + συνfourth verb of the ground clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτρίβω + συν: meaning 'crushed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as fourth verb of the ground clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μύλαςmolarsN1 APF · μύληaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement within the saying→ remembered honor and former blessingμύλη: meaning 'molars'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement within the saying.
ἀδίκωνof the unjustA1B GPM · ἄδικοςgenitive term qualifying a related noun or expression→ remembered honor and former blessingἄδικος: meaning 'of the unjust'; it serves as genitive term qualifying a related noun or expression.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μέσουthe midstA1 GSM · μέσοςsubstantival genitive after διά→ remembered honor and former blessingμέσος: meaning 'the midst'; it serves as substantival genitive after διά.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀδόντωνὀδούςN3 GPM · ὀδούςgenitive element qualifying another term→ remembered honor and former blessingὀδούς: meaning 'ὀδούς'; it serves as genitive element qualifying another term.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἅρπαγμαplunderN3M ASN · ἅρπαγμαaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingἅρπαγμα: meaning 'plunder'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἐξέσπασαsnatched outVAI AAI1S · σπάω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingσπάω + ἐκ: meaning 'snatched out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
18
εἶπα δέ ἡ ἡλικία μου γηράσει ὥσπερ στέλεχος φοίνικος πολὺν χρόνον βιώσω
And I said, My age will grow old like the trunk of a palm; I shall live a long time.
From remembered righteousness Job turns to the confidence he once had that such stability would continue for many years.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονfinite verbal predicate carrying the clause action→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'I said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal predicate carrying the clause action.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡλικίαmaturityN1A NSF · ἡλικίαnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingἡλικία: meaning 'maturity'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
γηράσειwill grow oldVF FAI3S · γηράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingγηράω: meaning 'will grow old'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
στέλεχοςtrunkN3E NSN · στέλεχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ remembered honor and former blessingστέλεχος: meaning 'trunk'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
φοίνικοςof a palmN3K GSM · φοῖνιξgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ remembered honor and former blessingφοῖνιξ: meaning 'of a palm'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πολὺνlongA1 ASM · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingπολύς: meaning 'long'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
βιώσωI shall liveVF FAI1S · βιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingβιόω: meaning 'I shall live'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
19
ἡ ῥίζα μου διήνοικται ἐπὶ ὕδατος καὶ δρόσος αὐλισθήσεται ἐν τῷ θερισμῷ μου
My root has been opened beside water, and dew will lodge in my harvest;
Agrarian imagery expresses the expectation of inward vitality and undiminished fruitfulness.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥίζαrootN1S NSF · ῥίζαnominal term functioning as a nominative term→ remembered honor and former blessingῥίζα: meaning 'root'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a nominative term.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
διήνοικταιhas been openedVM XMI3S · οἴγω + δια + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingοἴγω + δια + ἀνα: meaning 'has been opened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὕδατοςwaterN3T GSN · ὕδωρnominal term functioning as a genitive dependent→ remembered honor and former blessingὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a genitive dependent.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δρόσοςdewN2 NSF · δρόσοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ remembered honor and former blessingδρόσος: meaning 'dew'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐλισθήσεταιwill lodgeVS FPI3S · αὐλίζωfinite verbal form carrying the main predication of the proverb→ verbal form contributing the clause's action according to its tense-form and moodαὐλίζω: meaning 'will lodge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the main predication of the proverb.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θερισμῷharvestN2 DSM · θερισμόςdative complement within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingθερισμός: meaning 'harvest'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
20
ἡ δόξα μου καινὴ μετ' ἐμοῦ καὶ τὸ τόξον μου ἐν χειρὶ αὐτοῦ πορεύσεται
my glory is fresh with me, and my bow will go forth in his hand;
Job remembers a future in which honor would remain renewed and strength would not fail.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ remembered honor and former blessingδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καινὴfreshA1 NSF · καινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ remembered honor and former blessingκαινός: meaning 'fresh'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἐμοῦIRP GS · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόξονbowN2N NSN · τόξονnominative substantive functioning within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτόξον: meaning 'bow'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning within the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ remembered honor and former blessingχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πορεύσεταιgoVF FMI3S · πορεύομαιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form presenting the action as forthcomingπορεύομαι: meaning 'go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
21
ἐμοῦ ἀκούσαντες προσέσχον ἐσιώπησαν δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ ἐμῇ βουλῇ
Listening to me, they paid heed, and they were silent at my counsel;
The memory of Job's leadership now returns to the reception of his counsel among the people.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἐμοῦIRP GS · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀκούσαντεςhaving heardVA · ααπνπμ ἀκούωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ remembered honor and former blessingααπνπμ ἀκούω: meaning 'having heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
προσέσχονpaid attentionVBI AAI3P · ἔχω + προςmain verb of refusal→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeἔχω + προς: meaning 'paid attention'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of refusal.
ἐσιώπησανthey were silentVAI AAI3P · σιωπάωmain or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeσιωπάω: meaning 'they were silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main or subordinate verbal form carrying the clause forward.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐμῇmyA1 DSF · ἐμόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
βουλῇboylN1 DSF · βουλήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ remembered honor and former blessingβουλή: meaning 'boyl'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
22
ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ἐμῷ ῥήματι οὐ προσέθεντο περιχαρεῖς δὲ ἐγίνοντο ὁπόταν αὐτοῖς ἐλάλουν
at my word they added nothing, and they became glad whenever I spoke to them;
Job's hearers neither corrected nor interrupted him; instead they received his speech with delight.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐμῷmyA1 DSN · ἐμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ῥήματιwordN3M DSN · ῥῆμαnominal term functioning as a dative complement→ remembered honor and former blessingῥῆμα: meaning 'word'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a dative complement.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
προσέθεντοaddedVEI AMI3P · τίθημι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτίθημι + προς: meaning 'added'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
περιχαρεῖςvery gladA3H APM · περιχαρήςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingπεριχαρής: meaning 'very glad'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγίνοντοbecomeV1I IMI3P · γίγνομαιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ὁπότανwheneverC · ὁπότανconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ remembered honor and former blessingὁπόταν: meaning 'whenever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐλάλουνI spokeV2I IAI1S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingλαλέω: meaning 'I spoke'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
23
ὥσπερ γῆ διψῶσα προσδεχομένη τὸν ὑετόν οὕτως οὗτοι τὴν ἐμὴν λαλιάν
As thirsty ground waits for the rain, so they waited for my speech;
The comparison heightens the desirability of Job's counsel by likening it to rain for parched land.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
γῆlandN1 NSF · γῆnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ remembered honor and former blessingγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
διψῶσαthirstingV3 · παπνσφ διψάωparticiple contributing descriptive or attendant verbal force within the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardπαπνσφ διψάω: meaning 'thirsting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing descriptive or attendant verbal force within the clause.
προσδεχομένηwaiting forV1 · πμπνσφ δέχομαι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπμπνσφ δέχομαι + προς: meaning 'waiting for'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑετόνὑετόςN2 ASM · ὑετόςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingὑετός: meaning 'ὑετός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
οὗτοιtheseRD NPM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingοὗτοι: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐμὴνmyA1 ASF · ἐμόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ remembered honor and former blessingἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
λαλιάνspeechN1A ASF · λαλιάaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingλαλιά: meaning 'speech'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
24
ἐὰν γελάσω πρὸς αὐτούς οὐ μὴ πιστεύσωσιν καὶ φῶς τοῦ προσώπου μου οὐκ ἀπέπιπτεν
If I smiled at them, they would not believe it, and the light of my face did not fall;
Even Job's countenance carried weight; his favor seemed almost too great to be presumed upon.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
γελάσωsmileVA AAS1S · γελάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingγελάω: meaning 'smile'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
πιστεύσωσινthey may believeVA AAS3P · πιστεύωfinite verbal element carrying the clause action or state→ remembered honor and former blessingπιστεύω: meaning 'they may believe'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal element carrying the clause action or state.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative subject / predicate element in the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ remembered honor and former blessingπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ remembered honor and former blessingμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀπέπιπτενfellV1I IAI3S · πίπτω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπίπτω + ἀπο: meaning 'fell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
25
ἐξελεξάμην ὁδὸν αὐτῶν καὶ ἐκάθισα ἄρχων καὶ κατεσκήνουν ὡσεὶ βασιλεὺς ἐν μονοζώνοις ὃν τρόπον παθεινοὺς παρακαλῶν
I chose their way and sat as ruler, and I dwelt like a king among the troops, like one comforting the afflicted.
The final memory gathers authority and tenderness together: Job ruled with kingly weight yet also brought consolation to sufferers.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐξελεξάμηνchooseVAI AMI1S · λέγω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionλέγω + ἐκ: meaning 'choose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὁδὸνwayN2 ASF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ remembered honor and former blessingὁδὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκάθισαsatVAI AAI1S · ἵζω + καταfinite verbal predicate carrying the clause action→ perfective infinitiveἵζω + κατα: meaning 'sat'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal predicate carrying the clause action.
ἄρχωνruler / leaderN3 NSM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατεσκήνουνdweltV4I IAI1S · σκηνόω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingσκηνόω + κατα: meaning 'dwelt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡσεὶaboutD · ὡσείadverbial particle modifying the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingὡσεὶ: meaning 'about'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
μονοζώνοιςthe troopsN2 DPM · μονοζώνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ remembered honor and former blessingμονοζώνος: meaning 'the troops'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ remembered honor and former blessingὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
τρόπονmannerN2 ASM · τρόποςaccusative element functioning within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingτρόπος: meaning 'manner'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
παθεινοὺςthe afflictedN2 APM · παθεινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ remembered honor and former blessingπαθεινός: meaning 'the afflicted'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
παρακαλῶνencouragingV2 · παπνσμ καλέω + παραparticiple functioning adjectivally, adverbially, or substantivally within the clause→ remembered honor and former blessingπαπνσμ καλέω + παρα: meaning 'encouraging'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle functioning adjectivally, adverbially, or substantivally within the clause.