1
ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ελιους λέγει
Then Elihu answered and said,
The verse introduces Elihu as the next speaker and frames the rebuttal that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
ὑπολαβὼνsupposeVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑποmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑπο: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ΕλιουςElihuN NSM · Ελιουςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingΕλιους: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionλέγω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
2
τί τοῦτο ἡγήσω ἐν κρίσει σὺ τίς εἶ ὅτι εἶπας δίκαιός εἰμι ἔναντι κυρίου
Do you think this accords with justice, you who said, "I am righteous before the Lord"?
Elihu begins with a judicial challenge, treating Job's claim of righteousness before the Lord as a misjudged plea.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτοῦτο: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἡγήσωyou consideredVAI AMI2S · ἡγέομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventἡγέομαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
κρίσειjudgmentN3I DSF · κρίσιςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκρίσει: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσὺ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτίς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὅτι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
εἶπαςeiponVAI AAI2S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventεἶπον: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
δίκαιόςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδίκαιός: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἔναντι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκυρίου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
3
ἢ ἐρεῖς τί ποιήσω ἁμαρτών
Or will you say, "What shall I do after sinning?"
He presses the point by restating Job's complaint in the form of a rhetorical question about the profit of avoiding sin.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
ἢorC · ἤconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἤ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἐρεῖςsayVF2 FAI2S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionεἶπον: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ποιήσωdo / makeVA AAS1S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventποιέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ἁμαρτώνsinVB · ααπνσμ ἁμαρτάνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingααπνσμ ἁμαρτάνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
4
ἐγὼ σοὶ δώσω ἀπόκρισιν καὶ τοῖς τρισὶν φίλοις σου
I will give you an answer, and your three friends with you as well.
Elihu explicitly announces that he is about to answer Job and the circle of friends.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐγὼ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσοὶ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionδίδωμι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ἀπόκρισινanswerN3I ASF · ἀπόκρισιςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπόκρισιν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτοῖς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
τρισὶνthreeA3 DPM · τρεῖςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτρισὶν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
φίλοιςfriendA1 DPM · φίλοςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingφίλοις: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
5
ἀνάβλεψον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ ἰδέ κατάμαθε δὲ νέφη ὡς ὑψηλὰ ἀπὸ σοῦ
Look up to heaven and see; study the clouds, how high they are above you.
The appeal to heaven and clouds supplies the controlling image for divine transcendence.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἀνάβλεψονlift up your gazeVA AAD2S · βλέπω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventβλέπω + ἀνα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingεἰς: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτὸν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
οὐρανὸνheavenN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐρανὸν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἰδέseeVB AAD2S · ὁράωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventὁράω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
κατάμαθεstudy closelyVB AAD2S · μανθάνω + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventμανθάνω + κατα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
νέφηcloudsN3E APN · νέφοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingνέφη: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὡς: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ὑψηλὰhigh placesA1 APN · ὑψηλόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὑψηλὰ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
6
εἰ ἥμαρτες τί πράξεις εἰ δὲ καὶ πολλὰ ἠνόμησας τί δύνασαι ποιῆσαι
If you sin, what will you accomplish? And if you multiply lawless deeds, what are you able to do to him?
From the height of heaven Elihu infers that human sin cannot damage God in the direct, transactional way Job implies.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
εἰifC · εἰconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingεἰ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἥμαρτεςyou sinnedVBI AAI2S · ἁμαρτάνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventἁμαρτάνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
πράξειςyou will doV1 FAI2S · πράσσωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionπράσσω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
εἰifC · εἰconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingεἰ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
πολλὰmuchA1 APN · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπολλὰ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἠνόμησαςyou acted lawlesslyVAI AAI2S · ἀνομέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventἀνομέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
δύνασαιyou are ableV6 PMI2S · δύναμαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionδύναμαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ποιῆσαιmake / doVA AAN · ποιέωverbal form complementing or extending the main clause with dependent action→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingποιέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
7
ἐπεὶ δὲ οὖν δίκαιος εἶ τί δώσεις αὐτῷ ἢ τί ἐκ χειρός σου λήμψεται
And if indeed you are righteous, what will you give him, or what will he take from your hand?
The same argument is restated on the positive side: even righteousness does not put God under obligation.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐπεὶwhenC · ἐπείconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐπεί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὖν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδίκαιος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
δώσειςyou shall giveVF FAI2S · δίδωμιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionδίδωμι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal dative marking relation, recipient, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαὐτῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἢorC · ἤconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἤ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτί: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐκ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
χειρόςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingχειρός: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
λήμψεταιreceiveVF FMI3S · λαμβάνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionλαμβάνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
8
ἀνδρὶ τῷ ὁμοίῳ σου ἡ ἀσέβειά σου καὶ υἱῷ ἀνθρώπου ἡ δικαιοσύνη σου
Your impiety touches a man like yourself, and your righteousness a son of man.
Elihu locates the real sphere of moral consequence within human society rather than within God's sufficiency.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἀνδρὶmanN3 DSM · ἀνήρdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀνδρὶ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ὁμοίῳlikeA1A DSM · ὅμοιοςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁμοίῳ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἡ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἀσέβειάimpietyN1A NSF · ἀσέβειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀσέβειά: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
υἱῷsonN2 DSM · υἱόςdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingυἱῷ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀνθρώπου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἡ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
δικαιοσύνηdikaiosyneN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδικαιοσύνη: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσου: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
9
ἀπὸ πλήθους συκοφαντούμενοι κεκράξονται βοήσονται ἀπὸ βραχίονος πολλῶν
From the abundance of oppressions they will cry out; they will shout because of the arm of the mighty.
He observes that the oppressed do in fact cry out under the pressure of violent power.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
πλήθουςplethosN3E GSN · πλῆθοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπλήθους: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
συκοφαντούμενοιbeing oppressedV2 · πμπνπμ συκοφαντέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπμπνπμ συκοφαντέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
κεκράξονταιthey will cry outVFX FMI3P · κράζωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionκράζω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
βοήσονταιcry aloudVF FMI3P · βοάωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionβοάω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
βραχίονοςarmN3N GSM · βραχίωνgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingβραχίονος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
πολλῶνmanyA1 GPM · πολύςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπολλῶν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
10
καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς ὁ ποιήσας με ὁ κατατάσσων φυλακὰς νυκτερινάς
Yet no one said, "Where is God who made me, who appoints songs for the night,"
The rebuke is that sufferers cry under pain but do not truly seek the God who made them and sustains them through the night.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventεἶπον: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ποῦwhereD · ποῦconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingποῦ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingθεὸς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ποιήσαςhaving doneVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingααπνσμ ποιέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingμε: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
κατατάσσωνappointingV1 · παπνσμ τάσσω + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπαπνσμ τάσσω + κατα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
φυλακὰςcharges / watchesN1 APF · φυλακήaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingφυλακὰς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
νυκτερινάςnightlyA1 GSF · νυκτερινόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingνυκτερινάς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
11
ὁ διορίζων με ἀπὸ τετραπόδων γῆς ἀπὸ δὲ πετεινῶν οὐρανοῦ
who marks us off from the beasts of the earth and from the birds of heaven?
The description of God as the one who distinguishes humanity from beasts and birds deepens the rebuke by appealing to creation and gifted understanding.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
διορίζωνdistinguishingV1 · παπνσμ ὁρίζω + διαmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπαπνσμ ὁρίζω + δια: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingμε: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
τετραπόδωνsquaredA1B GPM · τετράποδοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτετραπόδων: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingγῆς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
πετεινῶνbirdsN2N GPN · πετεινόνgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπετεινῶν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐρανοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
12
ἐκεῖ κεκράξονται καὶ οὐ μὴ εἰσακούσῃ καὶ ἀπὸ ὕβρεως πονηρῶν
There they will cry out, but he certainly will not hear, because of the arrogance of evil men.
Their cry goes unanswered there because arrogant evil empties the plea of genuine Godward address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐκεῖ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
κεκράξονταιthey will cry outVFX FMI3P · κράζωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionκράζω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingμή: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
εἰσακούσῃhearVA AAS3S · ἀκούω + εἰςmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventἀκούω + εἰς: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀπό: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ὕβρεωςarroganceN3I GSF · ὕβριςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὕβρεως: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
πονηρῶνponeronA1A GPM · πονηρόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπονηρῶν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
13
ἄτοπα γὰρ οὐ βούλεται ὁ κύριος ἰδεῖν αὐτὸς γὰρ ὁ παντοκράτωρ ὁρατής ἐστιν
For the Lord does not wish to behold absurdity, for the Almighty himself sees.
Elihu grounds the refusal of answer in God's unwillingness to endorse vanity or absurd falsehood, since the Almighty sees clearly.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἄτοπαabsurd thingsA1B APN · ἄτοποςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἄτοπα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
βούλεταιhe wishesV1 PMI3S · βούλομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionβούλομαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκύριος: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἰδεῖνseeVB AAN · ὁράωverbal form complementing or extending the main clause with dependent action→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁράω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαὐτὸς: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingγάρ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπαντοκράτωρ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ὁρατήςone who seesN1M NSM · ὁρατήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὁρατής: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
14
τῶν συντελούντων τὰ ἄνομα καὶ σώσει με κρίθητι δὲ ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ εἰ δύνασαι αἰνέσαι αὐτόν ὡς ἔστιν
He sees those who accomplish lawless things, and he will save me; so stand before him for judgment, if you are able to praise him as he is.
In a difficult line, Elihu pivots back to Job and urges him to stand before God rightly rather than forcing a distorted claim.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτῶν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
συντελούντωνthose performingV2 · παπγπμ τελέω + συνmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπαπγπμ τελέω + συν: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτὰ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἄνομαlawlessA1B APN · ἄνομοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἄνομα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
σώσειit will saveVF FAI3S · σώζωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ future projectionσώζω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingμε: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
κρίθητιplead your caseVC APD2S · κρίνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκρίνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
δὲbutX · δέconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingδέ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐναντίον: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
εἰifC · εἰconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingεἰ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
δύνασαιyou are ableV6 PMI2S · δύναμαιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionδύναμαι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
αἰνέσαιto praiseVA AAN · αἰνέωverbal form complementing or extending the main clause with dependent action→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαἰνέω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal accusative functioning as object or complement within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαὐτόν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὡς: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
15
καὶ νῦν ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπισκεπτόμενος ὀργὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἔγνω παραπτώματι σφόδρα
And now, because there is no one inspecting his wrath and he has not taken strong notice of transgression,
The line names the temptation to read delayed wrath as though God had failed to notice transgression.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
νῦνnowD · νῦνconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingνῦν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὅτι: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionεἰμί: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ἐπισκεπτόμενοςinspectingV1 · πμπνσμ σκέπτομαι + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπμπνσμ σκέπτομαι + ἐπι: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
ὀργὴνwrathN1 ASF · ὀργήaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingὀργὴν: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingοὐ: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἔγνωlearnedVZI AAI3S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ aoristic eventγιγνώσκω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
παραπτώματιtransgressionN3M DSN · παράπτωμαdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingπαραπτώματι: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
σφόδραgreatly / exceedinglyD · σφόδραconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingσφόδρα: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
16
καὶ Ιωβ ματαίως ἀνοίγει τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀγνωσίᾳ ῥήματα βαρύνει
Job therefore opens his mouth in vain and in ignorance makes his words heavy.
Elihu closes by judging Job's speech itself: it has become empty and weighty only in ignorance.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective element linking the clause to its context→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingκαί: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ΙωβJobN NSM · Ιωβnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingΙωβ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ματαίωςvainlyD · ματαίωςconnective, adverbial, or particle element shaping relation or emphasis within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingματαίως: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἀνοίγειopensV1 PAI3S · οἴγω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionοἴγω + ἀνα: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the local noun phrase→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingτὸ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingστόμα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal genitive marking possession, relation, or reference within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingαὐτοῦ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἐν: connective or indeclinable element guiding the movement of Elihu's argument in Job 35.
ἀγνωσίᾳignoranceN1A DSF · ἀγνωσίαdative element marking reference, sphere, means, or recipient within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingἀγνωσίᾳ: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
ῥήματαwordsN3M APN · ῥῆμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ elihu: complaint, profit, and waitingῥήματα: rendered according to its immediate syntactic role within Job 35's argument about divine transcendence and empty complaint.
βαρύνειmakes heavyVA PAI3S · βαρύνωmain verbal form carrying the clause's assertion, challenge, or appeal→ imperfective descriptionβαρύνω: verbal form interpreted according to its local force within Elihu's rebuttal in Job 35.