1
καὶ ταύτης ἐταράχθη ἡ καρδία μου καὶ ἀπερρύη ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὐτῆς
And because of this my heart was shaken and was driven from its place.
Elihu begins not with detached observation but with bodily disturbance before the divine storm.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταύτηςthisRD GSF · οὗτοςdemonstrative summarizing the preceding names→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerταύτης: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as demonstrative summarizing the preceding names.
ἐταράχθηtroubleVQI API3S · ταράσσωfinite verb advancing the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectταράσσω: meaning 'trouble'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπερρύηwas driven awayVD API3S · ῥέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerῥέω + ἀπο: meaning 'was driven away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόπουplaceN2 GSM · τόποςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group.
2
ἄκουε ἀκοὴν ἐν ὀργῇ θυμοῦ κυρίου καὶ μελέτη ἐκ στόματος αὐτοῦ ἐξελεύσεται
Hear, hear the sound in the wrath of the Lord's anger, and meditation will go out from his mouth.
The speech turns outward into an imperative call to listen to the storm as the utterance of divine anger and purpose.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἄκουεhearV1 PAD2S · ἀκούωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ durative present imperative (continual hearing/obeying)ἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἀκοὴνa reportN1 ASF · ἀκοήaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀκοή: meaning 'a report'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὀργῇwith angerN1 DSF · ὀργήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὀργή: meaning 'with anger'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
θυμοῦangerN2 GSM · θυμόςgenitive modifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerθυμός: meaning 'anger'; it serves as genitive modifier.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μελέτηstudyN1 NSF · μελέτηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerμελέτη: meaning 'study'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐξελεύσεταιshall come forthVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verb (prophetic prediction)→ future middle verbal form projecting a coming actionἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'shall come forth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (prophetic prediction).
3
ὑποκάτω παντὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀρχὴ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸ φῶς αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ πτερύγων τῆς γῆς
Under the whole heaven is his dominion, and his light is upon the wings of the earth.
The storm is universal in range, with God's rule and radiance stretching from heaven to the far edges of the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὑποκάτωunderD · ὑποκάτωpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὑποκάτω: meaning 'under'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀρχὴdominionsN1 NSF · ἀρχήaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀρχή: meaning 'dominions'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςlightN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πτερύγωνwingN3G GPF · πτέρυξgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπτέρυξ: meaning 'wing'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
4
ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ βοήσεται φωνή βροντήσει ἐν φωνῇ ὕβρεως αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἀνταλλάξει αὐτούς ὅτι ἀκούσει φωνὴν αὐτοῦ
Behind him a voice will cry out; he will thunder with the voice of his majesty, and he will not exchange them, because one will hear his voice.
Elihu represents thunder as a trailing declaration of divine majesty that cannot be mistaken or interrupted.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ὀπίσωafter / behindP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὀπίσω: meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
βοήσεταιwill cry outVF FMI3S · βοάωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ middle verbal form highlighting the subject's participation in the actionβοάω: meaning 'will cry out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
φωνήvoiceN1 NSF · φωνήnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicate within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as nominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicate within the clause.
βροντήσειhe will thunderVF FAI3S · βροντάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerβροντάω: meaning 'he will thunder'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
φωνῇvoiceN1 DSF · φωνήdative complement within the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as dative complement within the clause or phrase.
ὕβρεωςarroganceN3I GSF · ὕβριςgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relation→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὕβρις: meaning 'arrogance'; it serves as genitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relation.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀνταλλάξειwill exchangeVF FAI3S · ἀλλάσσω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀλλάσσω + ἀντι: meaning 'will exchange'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκούσειwill hearVF FAI3S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀκούω: meaning 'will hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήhead noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
5
βροντήσει ὁ ἰσχυρὸς ἐν φωνῇ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια ἐποίησεν γὰρ μεγάλα ἃ οὐκ ᾔδειμεν
The Mighty One will thunder in his voice; for he has done marvelous great things which we did not know.
Thunder becomes the audible sign of a God whose works exceed prior human understanding.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
βροντήσειwill thunderVF FAI3S · βροντάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerβροντάω: meaning 'will thunder'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχυρὸςmightyA1A NSM · ἰσχυρόςpredicate adjective describing Judas's strength→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἰσχυρός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as predicate adjective describing Judas's strength.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
φωνῇvoiceN1 DSF · φωνήdative complement within the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as dative complement within the clause or phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
θαυμάσιαwondrousA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerθαυμάσιος: meaning 'wondrous'; it serves as acc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μεγάλαgreatA1 APN · μέγαςattributive adjective ('the great wonders')→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as attributive adjective ('the great wonders').
ἃwhichRR APN · ὅςcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ᾔδειμενwe knewVXI YAI1P · οἶδαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerοἶδα: meaning 'we knew'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
συντάσσων χιόνι γίνου ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ χειμὼν ὑετός καὶ χειμὼν ὑετῶν δυναστείας αὐτοῦ
He commands the snow, Be upon the earth; and winter rain, and the winter rains of his power.
The weather is personified as obedient to direct command, with snow and rain sent where God wills.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
συντάσσωνcommandingV1 · παπνσμ τάσσω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαπνσμ τάσσω + συν: meaning 'commanding'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χιόνιsnowN3N DSF · χιώνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerχιών: meaning 'snow'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
γίνουbeV1 PMD2S · γίγνομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγίγνομαι: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χειμὼνwinterN3W NSM · χειμώνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerχειμών: meaning 'winter'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑετόςὑετόςN2 NSM · ὑετόςhead noun or nominative element within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὑετός: meaning 'ὑετός'; it serves as head noun or nominative element within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χειμὼνwinterN3W NSM · χειμώνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerχειμών: meaning 'winter'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑετῶνof rainsN2 GPM · ὑετόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὑετός: meaning 'of rains'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δυναστείαςDynasteiasN1A GSF · δυναστείαgenitive dependent→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδυναστεία: meaning 'Dynasteias'; it serves as genitive dependent.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
7
ἐν χειρὶ παντὸς ἀνθρώπου κατασφραγίζει ἵνα γνῷ πᾶς ἄνθρωπος τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀσθένειαν
Upon the hand of every man he seals, so that every human being may know his own weakness.
The interruption of human activity under severe weather becomes a lesson in human limitation.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
κατασφραγίζειhe seals upV1 PAI3S · σφραγίζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσφραγίζω + κατα: meaning 'he seals up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνῷknowingVZ AAS3S · γιγνώσκωfinite verb advancing the clause→ deliberative future (asking for a means of certain knowledge)γιγνώσκω: meaning 'knowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'everyone'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἄνθρωποςman / human beingN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦpronoun referring within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'his own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring within the clause.
ἀσθένειανillnessN1A ASF · ἀσθένειαaccusative element functioning as object or complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀσθένεια: meaning 'illness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement.
8
εἰσῆλθεν δὲ θηρία ὑπὸ σκέπην ἡσύχασαν δὲ ἐπὶ κοίτης
And the beasts entered under shelter, and they became quiet upon their couch.
Even the animals respond to the storm by withdrawing into stillness.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
εἰσῆλθενwent inVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςmain verb of marital approach notice→ constative aorist (marital approach notice)ἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'went in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of marital approach notice.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θηρίαwild beastsN2N NPN · θηρίονcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerθηρίον: meaning 'wild beasts'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement.
σκέπηνprotectionN1 ASF · σκέπηaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσκέπη: meaning 'protection'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡσύχασανquietVA AAI3P · ἡσυχάζωparticiple (describing the city/people, fem. agreeing with κρίσις or the city)→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἡσυχάζω: meaning 'quiet'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle (describing the city/people, fem. agreeing with κρίσις or the city).
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κοίτηςfoldN1 GSF · κοίτηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerκοίτη: meaning 'fold'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
9
ἐκ ταμιείων ἐπέρχονται δῖναι ἀπὸ δὲ ἀκρωτηρίων ψῦχος
From storehouses whirlwinds come, and from the extremities cold.
Elihu names storm and cold as though drawn out from hidden divine chambers and borders.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ταμιείωνinner chambersN2N GPN · ταμιεῖονgenitive of source (with ἐκ: 'from the chambers')→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerταμιεῖον: meaning 'inner chambers'; it serves as genitive of source (with ἐκ: 'from the chambers').
ἐπέρχονταιcome uponV1 PMI3P · ἔρχομαι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἔρχομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'come upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δῖναιwhirlwindsN1 NPF · δίνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδίνη: meaning 'whirlwinds'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκρωτηρίωνextremitiesN2N GPN · ἀκρωτήριονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀκρωτήριον: meaning 'extremities'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ψῦχοςcoldN3E NSN · ψῦχοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerψῦχος: meaning 'cold'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
10
καὶ ἀπὸ πνοῆς ἰσχυροῦ δώσει πάγος οἰακίζει δὲ τὸ ὕδωρ ὡς ἐὰν βούληται
And from the breath of the Mighty One he gives frost, and he steers the water as he wills.
Frost and flowing water alike are governed by the divine breath and will.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πνοῆςbreathN1 GSF · πνοήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπνοή: meaning 'breath'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἰσχυροῦmightyA1A GSM · ἰσχυρόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἰσχυρός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
δώσειgiveVF FAI3S · δίδωμιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause.
πάγοςfrostN2 NSM · πάγοςaccusative term functioning as complement or object→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπάγος: meaning 'frost'; it serves as accusative term functioning as complement or object.
οἰακίζειhe steersV1 PAI3S · οἰακίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerοἰακίζω: meaning 'he steers'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
βούληταιwishV1 PMS3S · βούλομαιFinite verb / predicate→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerβούλομαι: meaning 'wish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as Finite verb / predicate.
11
καὶ ἐκλεκτὸν καταπλάσσει νεφέλη διασκορπιεῖ νέφος φῶς αὐτοῦ
And a chosen cloud he shapes, and the cloud scatters his light.
Cloud is not formless accident here but material shaped and deployed by God.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκλεκτὸνtheA1 ASM · ἐκλεκτόςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected element→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἐκλεκτός: meaning 'the'; it serves as accusative nominal functioning as object or affected element.
καταπλάσσειhe shapesV1 PAI3S · πλάσσω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπλάσσω + κατα: meaning 'he shapes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νεφέληcloudN1 NSF · νεφέληnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerνεφέλη: meaning 'cloud'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
διασκορπιεῖscattersVF2 FAI3S · σκορπίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσκορπίζω + δια: meaning 'scatters'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νέφοςcloudN3E ASN · νέφοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerνέφος: meaning 'cloud'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative subject / predicate element in the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
12
καὶ αὐτὸς κυκλώματα διαστρέψει ἐν θεεβουλαθω εἰς ἔργα αὐτῶν πάντα ὅσα ἂν ἐντείληται αὐτοῖς ταῦτα συντέτακται παρ' αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
And he himself will turn the circuits about by divine counsel into all their works; whatever he commands them, these things are appointed by him upon the earth.
The motions of the weather are described as ordered circuits governed by divine counsel and command.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κυκλώματαcircuitsN3M APN · κύκλωμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerκύκλωμα: meaning 'circuits'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
διαστρέψειhe will turnVF FAI3S · στρέφω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerστρέφω + δια: meaning 'he will turn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
θεεβουλαθωby divine counselN DP · θεεβουλαθωθadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerθεεβουλαθω: meaning 'by divine counsel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ὅσαas much asA1 APN · ὅσοςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὅσος: meaning 'as much as'; it serves as acc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
ἂνeverX · ἄνmodal particle with the subjunctive→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐντείληταιhe commandsVA AMS3S · τέλλομαι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτέλλομαι + ἐν: meaning 'he commands'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ταῦταtheseRD NPN · οὗτοςpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerταῦτα: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
συντέτακταιare appointedVK XPI3S · τάσσω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτάσσω + συν: meaning 'are appointed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
13
ἐὰν εἰς παιδείαν ἐὰν εἰς τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ ἐὰν εἰς ἔλεος εὑρήσει αὐτόν
Whether for discipline, or for his land, or for mercy, he will find him.
Elihu condenses the uses of storm into three possible ends: correction, governance of the land, and mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
παιδείανdiscipline / instructionN1A ASF · παιδείαdirect object of οἴδασιν / εἴδοσαν (first in the catalogue)→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαιδεία: meaning 'discipline'; it serves as direct object of οἴδασιν / εἴδοσαν (first in the catalogue).
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
εὑρήσειwill findVF FAI3S · εὑρίσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerεὑρίσκω: meaning 'will find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
14
ἐνωτίζου ταῦτα Ιωβ στῆθι νουθετοῦ δύναμιν κυρίου
Give ear to these things, Job; stand and consider the power of the Lord.
The description now becomes exhortation as Elihu calls Job from debate into attentive contemplation.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἐνωτίζουinV1 PMD2S · ὠτίζομαι + ἐνmain verbal form advancing the clause→ middle verbal form highlighting the subject's participation in the actionὠτίζομαι + ἐν: meaning 'in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ΙωβJobN VSM · Ιωβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerΙωβ: meaning 'Job'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στῆθιstandVH AAD2S · ἵστημιimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist imperativeἵστημι: meaning 'stand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperative verbal form issuing a direct command.
νουθετοῦconsiderV2 PPD2S · νουθετέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerνουθετέω: meaning 'consider'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δύναμινforce / powerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδύναμις: meaning 'force'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
15
οἴδαμεν ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ἔθετο ἔργα αὐτοῦ φῶς ποιήσας ἐκ σκότους
We know that God has set his works, making light out of darkness.
Elihu states a foundational certainty: God's ordering power is visible in the transformation of darkness by light.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οἴδαμενwe knowVX XAI1P · οἶδαverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerοἶδα: meaning 'we know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἔθετοplace / appointVEI AMI3S · τίθημιfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
φῶςlightN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent.
ποιήσαςhaving doneVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωcircumstantial participle modifying the subject→ antecedent aorist (the accomplished deed)ααπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'having done'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as circumstantial participle modifying the subject.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σκότουςof darknessN3E GSN · σκότοςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσκότος: meaning 'of darkness'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
16
ἐπίσταται δὲ διάκρισιν νεφῶν ἐξαίσια δὲ πτώματα πονηρῶν
He knows the distinction of the clouds, and the extraordinary downfalls of the wicked.
Cloud-order and moral downfall are placed together as things lying fully within divine knowledge.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἐπίσταταιunderstandsV6 PMI3S · ἐπίσταμαιfinite verbal element carrying the clause action or state→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἐπίσταμαι: meaning 'understands'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal element carrying the clause action or state.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διάκρισινdistinctionN3I ASF · διάκρισιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδιάκρισις: meaning 'distinction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
νεφῶνof the cloudsN3E GPN · νέφοςgenitive term qualifying a related noun or expression→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerνέφος: meaning 'of the clouds'; it serves as genitive term qualifying a related noun or expression.
ἐξαίσιαextraordinary thingsA1B APN · ἐξαίσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἐξαίσιος: meaning 'extraordinary things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πτώματαdownfallsN3M APN · πτῶμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπτῶμα: meaning 'downfalls'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πονηρῶνponeronA1A GPM · πονηρόςgenitive term marking relation, source, possession, or description→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπονηρός: meaning 'poneron'; it serves as genitive term marking relation, source, possession, or description.
17
σοῦ δὲ ἡ στολὴ θερμή ἡσυχάζεται δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
And as for you, your garment is warm, and the earth is still.
Elihu points to familiar bodily experience and calm conditions as part of the phenomena Job should observe.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στολὴgarmentN1 NSF · στολήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerστολή: meaning 'garment'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
θερμήwarmA1 NSF · θερμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerθερμός: meaning 'warm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡσυχάζεταιis stillV1 PMI3S · ἡσυχάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἡσυχάζω: meaning 'is still'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
18
στερεώσεις μετ' αὐτοῦ εἰς παλαιώματα ἰσχυραὶ ὡς ὅρασις ἐπιχύσεως
Will you make the heavens firm with him, strong as the appearance of something poured out?
The rhetorical question exposes the absurdity of imagining human participation in the architecture of heaven.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
στερεώσειςwill you make firmVF FAI2S · στερεόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerστερεόω: meaning 'will you make firm'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
παλαιώματαheavensN3M APN · παλαίωμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαλαίωμα: meaning 'heavens'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἰσχυραὶισχυροςA1A NPF · ἰσχυρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἰσχυρός: meaning 'ισχυρος'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ὅρασιςvisionN3I NSF · ὅρασιςnominal element functioning within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὅρασις: meaning 'vision'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐπιχύσεωςsomething poured outN3I GSF · ἐπίχυσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἐπίχυσις: meaning 'something poured out'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
19
διὰ τί δίδαξόν με τί ἐροῦμεν αὐτῷ καὶ παυσώμεθα πολλὰ λέγοντες
Why? Teach me what we shall say to him, and let us stop speaking many words.
Elihu presses the inadequacy of human speech before God and asks for instruction rather than for more confident argument.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
δίδαξόνteachVA AAD2S · διδάσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδιδάσκω: meaning 'teach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐροῦμενsaidVF2 FAI1P · εἶπονfinite verbal predicate carrying the clause action→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal predicate carrying the clause action.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παυσώμεθαlet us stopVA AMS1P · παύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαύω: meaning 'let us stop'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πολλὰmuchA1 APN · πολύςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπολύς: meaning 'much'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
λέγοντεςsayingV1 · παπνπμ λέγωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ present participle introducing direct proposalπαπνπμ λέγω: meaning 'saying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
20
μὴ βίβλος ἢ γραμματεύς μοι παρέστηκεν ἵνα ἄνθρωπον ἑστηκὼς κατασιωπήσω
No scroll or scribe stands by me, so that I, having taken my stand, might silence a man.
The speaker admits he lacks any human instrument that could master the case or shut another person down by sheer procedure.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
βίβλοςbookN2 NSF · βίβλοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerβίβλος: meaning 'book'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γραμματεύςscribeN3V NSM · γραμματεύςnominal term functioning as subject or predicate complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerγραμματεύς: meaning 'scribe'; it serves as nominal term functioning as subject or predicate complement.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
παρέστηκενhas arrivedVXI XAI3S · ἵστημι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἵστημι + παρα: meaning 'has arrived'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄνθρωπονmanN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative object of πρός→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as accusative object of πρός.
ἑστηκὼςstandingVXI XAPNSMI(/STHMIfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἑστηκὼς: meaning 'standing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
κατασιωπήσωmight silence completelyVA AAS1S · σιωπάω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσιωπάω + κατα: meaning 'might silence completely'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
21
πᾶσιν δ' οὐχ ὁρατὸν τὸ φῶς τηλαυγές ἐστιν ἐν τοῖς παλαιώμασιν ὥσπερ τὸ παρ' αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ νεφῶν
But the bright light is not visible to everyone in the heavenly spaces, like the light from him upon the clouds.
Elihu turns to veiled radiance: divine brightness exists, yet it is not plainly grasped by all who look.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
πᾶσινallA3 DPM · πᾶςdat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
δ'butX · δέmild adversative marking transition to sanction→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδέ: meaning 'but'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverb or adverbial expression modifying the clause or predicate→ simple negationοὐχ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ὁρατὸνvisibleA1 ASN · ὁρατόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὁρατός: meaning 'visible'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςlightN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent.
τηλαυγέςbright-shiningA3H NSN · τηλαυγήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτηλαυγής: meaning 'bright-shining'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παλαιώμασινheavenly spacesN3M DPM · παλαίωμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαλαίωμα: meaning 'heavenly spaces'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial modifier shaping the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
νεφῶνof the cloudsN3E GPN · νέφοςgenitive term qualifying a related noun or expression→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerνέφος: meaning 'of the clouds'; it serves as genitive term qualifying a related noun or expression.
22
ἀπὸ βορρᾶ νέφη χρυσαυγοῦντα ἐπὶ τούτοις μεγάλη ἡ δόξα καὶ τιμὴ παντοκράτορος
From the north come clouds gleaming like gold; over these are the great glory and honor of the Almighty.
The northern stormfront becomes a visual sign of divine splendor, with the weather itself serving as a veil of glory.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
βορρᾶnorthN1T GSM · βορέαςgenitive dependent→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerβορέας: meaning 'north'; it serves as genitive dependent.
νέφηcloudsN3E NPN · νέφοςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerνέφος: meaning 'clouds'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
χρυσαυγοῦνταgleaming like goldV2 · παπνπν χρυσαυγέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαπνπν χρυσαυγέω: meaning 'gleaming like gold'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τούτοιςtheseRD DPM · οὗτοςpronoun→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτούτοις: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun.
μεγάληgreatA1 NSF · μέγαςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τιμὴhonorN1 NSF · τιμήsubject of the verbal idea understood from the prior clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerτιμή: meaning 'honor'; it serves as subject of the verbal idea understood from the prior clause.
παντοκράτοροςAlmightyN3R GSM · παντοκράτωρgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
23
καὶ οὐχ εὑρίσκομεν ἄλλον ὅμοιον τῇ ἰσχύι αὐτοῦ ὁ τὰ δίκαια κρίνων οὐκ οἴει ἐπακούειν αὐτόν
And we do not find another like his strength; he judges what is just, and he does not suppose that anyone can make him listen.
The closing theology holds unmatched power together with righteous judgment and denies that God can be compelled by human insistence.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverb or adverbial expression modifying the clause or predicate→ simple negationοὐχ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
εὑρίσκομενfindV1 PAI1P · εὑρίσκωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεὑρίσκω: meaning 'find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main finite verb of the clause.
ἄλλονanotherRD ASM · ἄλλοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἄλλος: meaning 'another'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ὅμοιονlikeA1A ASM · ὅμοιοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerὅμοιος: meaning 'like'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δίκαιαwhat is justA1A APN · δίκαιοςaccusative object of ἐκζητῆσαι→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδίκαιος: meaning 'what is just'; it serves as accusative object of ἐκζητῆσαι.
κρίνωνpapnsm krinoV1 · παπνσμ κρίνωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardπαπνσμ κρίνω: meaning 'papnsm krino'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
οἴειhe supposesV1 PAI3S · οἴομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerοἴομαι: meaning 'he supposes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπακούεινto heedV1 PAN · ἀκούω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἀκούω + ἐπι: meaning 'to heed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
24
διὸ φοβηθήσονται αὐτὸν οἱ ἄνθρωποι φοβηθήσονται δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ οἱ σοφοὶ καρδίᾳ
Therefore human beings will fear him; even those who are wise in heart will fear him.
The proper end of the chapter is not explanation but reverent fear, extending from ordinary people to the wise.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
διὸthereforeC · διόconnector linking clauses or phrases→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδιό: meaning 'therefore'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
φοβηθήσονταιfearVC FPI3P · φοβέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form presenting the action as forthcomingφοβέω: meaning 'fear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄνθρωποιhuman beingN2 NPM · ἄνθρωποςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human being'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
φοβηθήσονταιfearVC FPI3P · φοβέωfinite verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form presenting the action as forthcomingφοβέω: meaning 'fear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause forward.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφοὶthe wiseA1 NPM · σοφόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerσοφός: meaning 'the wise'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative complement→ storm, wonder, and unsearchable powerκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as dative complement.