1
εἰ ἔγνως καιρὸν τοκετοῦ τραγελάφων πέτρας ἐφύλαξας δὲ ὠδῖνας ἐλάφων
Do you know the time of the birth of the mountain goats on the rock? And have you watched the labor pains of the deer?
The divine questioning turns to hidden wild births beyond human surveillance.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
εἰifC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list items→ conditional / interrogative markerεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔγνωςgignoskoVZI AAI2S · γιγνώσκωfinite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense→ aorist verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationγιγνώσκω: meaning 'gignosko'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense.
καιρὸνappointed time / seasonN2 ASM · καιρόςcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryκαιρός: meaning 'appointed time'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοκετοῦbirthN2 GSM · τοκετόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτοκετός: meaning 'birth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τραγελάφωνmountain goatsN2 GPM · τραγελάφοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτραγελάφος: meaning 'mountain goats'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πέτραςrockN1A APF · πέτραaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπέτρα: meaning 'rock'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἐφύλαξαςyou shall keepVAI AAI2S · φυλάσσωmain verb (imperatival future)→ present infinitive (ongoing observance)φυλάσσω: meaning 'you shall keep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (imperatival future).
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠδῖναςbirth-pangsN3 APF · ὠδίνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὠδίν: meaning 'birth-pangs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement.
ἐλάφωνof stagsN2 GPM · ἔλαφοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἔλαφος: meaning 'of stags'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
2
ἠρίθμησας δὲ αὐτῶν μῆνας πλήρεις τοκετοῦ ὠδῖνας δὲ αὐτῶν ἔλυσας
Have you counted their full months of bearing, and have you loosed their labor pains?
Job cannot count or release the exact timing of these creatures’ hidden pregnancies.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἠρίθμησαςhave you countedVAI AAI2S · ἀριθμέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἀριθμέω: meaning 'have you counted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
μῆναςmonthsN3 APM · μήνaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryμήν: meaning 'months'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
πλήρειςfullA3H APM · πλήρηςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπλήρης: meaning 'full'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
τοκετοῦbearingN2 GSM · τοκετόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτοκετός: meaning 'bearing'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὠδῖναςbirth-pangsN3 APF · ὠδίνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὠδίν: meaning 'birth-pangs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἔλυσαςloosedVAI AAI2S · λύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryλύω: meaning 'loosed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
3
ἐξέθρεψας δὲ αὐτῶν τὰ παιδία ἔξω φόβου ὠδῖνας αὐτῶν ἐξαποστελεῖς
Have you reared their young outside fear, and do you send out their birth pangs?
Even the nurturing and delivery of the young are asked as works beyond Job’s hand.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐξέθρεψαςhave you rearedVAI AAI2S · τρέφω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτρέφω + ἐκ: meaning 'have you reared'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παιδίαchildrenN2N APN · παιδίονaccusative element functioning within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαιδίον: meaning 'children'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
ἔξωexoP · ἔξωproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrative→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἔξω: meaning 'exo'; it shapes the relation of its complement within the clause.
φόβουfearN2 GSM · φόβοςgenitive dependent within the phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as genitive dependent within the phrase.
ὠδῖναςbirth pangsN3 APF · ὠδίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὠδίς: meaning 'birth pangs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐξαποστελεῖςsend outVF2 FAI2S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'send out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
ἀπορρήξουσιν τὰ τέκνα αὐτῶν πληθυνθήσονται ἐν γενήματι ἐξελεύσονται καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀνακάμψουσιν αὐτοῖς
Their young break away, they multiply in produce, they go out and will certainly not return to them.
The independence of the young underscores a life-cycle not managed by human keepers.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἀπορρήξουσινbreak awayVF FAI3P · ῥήσσω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryῥήσσω + ἀπο: meaning 'break away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέκναchildN2N NPN · τέκνονsubject of the verbal action→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτέκνον: meaning 'child'; it serves as subject of the verbal action.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πληθυνθήσονταιbe multipliedVC FPI3P · πληθύνωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future passive verbal form projecting a coming resultπληθύνω: meaning 'be multiplied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γενήματιproduceN3M DSN · γένημαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγένημα: meaning 'produce'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐξελεύσονταιthey shall come outVF FMI3P · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verb (the enemies' advance)→ predictive future (the enemy's confident approach)ἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'they shall come out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (the enemies' advance).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀνακάμψουσινreturnVF FAI3P · κάμπτω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryκάμπτω + ἀνα: meaning 'return'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
5
τίς δέ ἐστιν ὁ ἀφεὶς ὄνον ἄγριον ἐλεύθερον δεσμοὺς δὲ αὐτοῦ τίς ἔλυσεν
And who is it that let the wild donkey go free, and who loosed its bonds?
The speech moves from hidden birth to ungoverned freedom in the wilderness.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀφεὶςhaving let goVH · ααπνσμ ἵημι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryααπνσμ ἵημι + ἀπο: meaning 'having let go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄνονdonkeyN2 ASM · ὄνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὄνος: meaning 'donkey'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἄγριονwildA1A ASM · ἄγριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἄγριος: meaning 'wild'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐλεύθερονfreeA1A ASM · ἐλεύθεροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἐλεύθερος: meaning 'free'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δεσμοὺςbondN2 APM · δεσμόςaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδεσμός: meaning 'bond'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἔλυσενreleasedVAI AAI3S · λύωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist aspect presenting the action as a wholeλύω: meaning 'released'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
6
ἐθέμην δὲ τὴν δίαιταν αὐτοῦ ἔρημον καὶ τὰ σκηνώματα αὐτοῦ ἁλμυρίδα
For I made its dwelling the desert, and its encampments the salt-land.
God identifies himself as the one who appointed the wild donkey’s harsh but fitting home.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐθέμηνI madeVEI AMI1S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτίθημι: meaning 'I made'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δίαιτανprovisionN1S ASF · δίαιταhead noun or nominal element within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδίαιτα: meaning 'provision'; it serves as head noun or nominal element within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἔρημονdesolateN2 ASF · ἔρημοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἔρημος: meaning 'desolate'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνώματαcampN3M APN · σκήνωμαcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσκήνωμα: meaning 'camp'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἁλμυρίδαsalt-landN3D APN · ἁλμυρίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἁλμυρίς: meaning 'salt-land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
7
καταγελῶν πολυοχλίας πόλεως μέμψιν δὲ φορολόγου οὐκ ἀκούων
Laughing at the bustle of the city, it does not hear the reproach of the tax-gatherer.
The wild donkey lives outside civic pressure, labor demands, and human administration.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
καταγελῶνmockingV3 · παπνσμ γελάω + καταparticiple adding circumstance, description, or attendant action within the saying→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπνσμ γελάω + κατα: meaning 'mocking'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle adding circumstance, description, or attendant action within the saying.
πολυοχλίαςbustleN1A APF · πολυοχλίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπολυοχλία: meaning 'bustle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
μέμψινreproachN3I ASF · μέμψιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryμέμψις: meaning 'reproach'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φορολόγουtax-gathererN2 GSM · φορολόγοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφορολόγος: meaning 'tax-gatherer'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀκούωνhearingV1 · παπνσμ ἀκούωsubstantival/attributive participle (the one who hears)→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπνσμ ἀκούω: meaning 'hearing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival/attributive participle (the one who hears).
8
κατασκέψεται ὄρη νομὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ ὀπίσω παντὸς χλωροῦ ζητεῖ
It surveys the mountains as its pasture, and it seeks after every green thing.
Its roaming appetite is governed by the landscape God assigned to it.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
κατασκέψεταιsurveysVF FMI3S · σκέπτομαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσκέπτομαι + κατα: meaning 'surveys'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄρηmountainN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause.
νομὴνpastureN1 ASF · νομήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryνομή: meaning 'pasture'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀπίσωafter / behindP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὀπίσω: meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
χλωροῦgreen thingA1A GSM · χλωρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryχλωρός: meaning 'green thing'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ζητεῖseeksV2 PAI3S · ζητέωfinite verb carrying the saying's main assertion→ present verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationζητέω: meaning 'seeks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb carrying the saying's main assertion.
9
βουλήσεται δέ σοι μονόκερως δουλεῦσαι ἢ κοιμηθῆναι ἐπὶ φάτνης σου
Will the unicorn consent to serve you, or sleep at your manger?
God asks whether raw strength in the wild can be turned into docile human service.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
βουλήσεταιwill consentVF FMI3S · βούλομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryβούλομαι: meaning 'will consent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
μονόκερωςunicornN3T NSM · μονόκερωςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryμονόκερως: meaning 'unicorn'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δουλεῦσαιto serveVA AAN · δουλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδουλεύω: meaning 'to serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κοιμηθῆναιsleepVC APN · κοιμάωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardκοιμάω: meaning 'sleep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
φάτνηςmangerN1 GSF · φάτνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφάτνη: meaning 'manger'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
10
δήσεις δὲ ἐν ἱμᾶσι ζυγὸν αὐτοῦ ἢ ἑλκύσει σου αὔλακας ἐν πεδίῳ
Will you bind its yoke with straps, or will it drag your furrows in the plain?
The image of plowing presses the impossibility of domesticating this creature for routine labor.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
δήσειςwill you bindVF FAI2S · δέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδέω: meaning 'will you bind'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἱμᾶσιstrapsN3 DSM · ἱμάςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἱμάς: meaning 'straps'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ζυγὸνyokeN2 ASM · ζυγόςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryζυγός: meaning 'yoke'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἑλκύσειwill dragVF FAI3S · ἕλκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἕλκω: meaning 'will drag'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
αὔλακαςfurrowsN3K APM · αὖλαξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryαὖλαξ: meaning 'furrows'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πεδίῳfieldN2N DSN · πεδίονdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπεδίον: meaning 'field'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
11
πέποιθας δὲ ἐπ' αὐτῷ ὅτι πολλὴ ἡ ἰσχὺς αὐτοῦ ἐπαφήσεις δὲ αὐτῷ τὰ ἔργα σου
Do you trust it because its strength is great, and will you leave your tasks to it?
Mere strength is not the same as trustworthy service.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
πέποιθαςyou trustVX XAI2S · πείθωverb of the conditional clause with ἐπὶ ταῖς δυνάμεσίν σου→ resultative perfectπείθω: meaning 'you trust'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verb of the conditional clause with ἐπὶ ταῖς δυνάμεσίν σου.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πολλὴgreatA1 NSF · πολύςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπολύς: meaning 'great'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχὺςstrengthN3U NSF · ἰσχύςnominal term functioning as a nominative term→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a nominative term.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπαφήσειςwill you entrustVF FAI2S · ἵημι + ἐπι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἵημι + ἐπι + ἀπο: meaning 'will you entrust'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
12
πιστεύσεις δὲ ὅτι ἀποδώσει σοι τὸν σπόρον εἰσοίσει δέ σου τὸν ἅλωνα
Will you trust that it will repay your seed and gather your threshing-floor for you?
The Lord exposes the fantasy that the untamed beast will complete the settled work of agriculture.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
πιστεύσειςwill you trustVF FAI2S · πιστεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπιστεύω: meaning 'will you trust'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποδώσειhe will give backVF FAI3S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'he will give back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπόρονtheN2 ASM · σπόροςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected element→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσπόρος: meaning 'the'; it serves as accusative nominal functioning as object or affected element.
εἰσοίσειwill bring inVF FAI3S · φέρω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'will bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅλωναthreshing-floorN3W ASM · ἅλωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἅλων: meaning 'threshing-floor'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
13
πτέρυξ τερπομένων νεελασα ἐὰν συλλάβῃ ασιδα καὶ νεσσα
The wing of the rejoicing ostrich, if it should take the asida and the nessa,
A strange and difficult line introduces the ostrich with beauty, motion, and unresolved oddity.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
πτέρυξwingN3G NSF · πτέρυξnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or listed item→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπτέρυξ: meaning 'wing'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or listed item.
τερπομένωνrejoicingV1 · παπγπφ τέρπωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπγπφ τέρπω: meaning 'rejoicing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νεελασαostrichN GS · νεελασαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryνεελασα: meaning 'ostrich'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνlexical item integrated into the clause in its local syntactic role→ conditional contingencyἐάν: meaning 'if'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
συλλάβῃshould takeVB AAS2S · λαμβάνω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryλαμβάνω + συν: meaning 'should take'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ασιδαstorkN NSF · ασιδαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryασιδα: meaning 'stork'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νεσσαnestlingN NSF · νεσσαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryνεσσα: meaning 'nestling'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
14
ὅτι ἀφήσει εἰς γῆν τὰ ᾠὰ αὐτῆς καὶ ἐπὶ χοῦν θάλψει
for it leaves its eggs on the ground and warms them upon the dust,
The ostrich’s nesting habits are presented as exposed and vulnerable.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀφήσειforgiveVF FAI3S · ἵημι + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future active indicativeἵημι + ἀπο: meaning 'forgive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾠὰeggsN2N APN · ᾠόνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent→ wild creatures and limits of masteryᾠόν: meaning 'eggs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, or extent.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χοῦνdustN3 ASM · χοῦςaccusative noun naming mortal origin and end→ wild creatures and limits of masteryχοῦς: meaning 'dust'; it serves as accusative noun naming mortal origin and end.
θάλψειwill warmVF FAI3S · θάλπωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryθάλπω: meaning 'will warm'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
15
καὶ ἐπελάθετο ὅτι ποὺς σκορπιεῖ καὶ θηρία ἀγροῦ καταπατήσει
and it forgot that a foot may scatter them and that wild beasts may trample them.
Its apparent carelessness becomes part of the mystery of how God orders even deficient creaturely behavior.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπελάθετοuponVBI AMI3S · λανθάνω + ἐπιverbal element carrying the clause action→ wild creatures and limits of masteryλανθάνω + ἐπι: meaning 'upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element carrying the clause action.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποὺςfootN3D NSM · πούςsubject of σφαλῇ→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as subject of σφαλῇ.
σκορπιεῖscatterVF2 FAI3S · σκορπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσκορπίζω: meaning 'scatter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θηρίαwild beastsN2N NPN · θηρίονcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryθηρίον: meaning 'wild beasts'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀγροῦfieldN2 GSM · ἀγρόςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἀγρός: meaning 'field'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
καταπατήσειtrampleVF FAI3S · ἀπατάω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἀπατάω + κατα: meaning 'trample'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
16
ἀπεσκλήρυνεν τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς ὥστε μὴ ἑαυτῇ εἰς κενὸν ἐκοπίασεν ἄνευ φόβου
It has hardened itself against its young so as not to belong to itself; in vain it labored without fear.
The ostrich is described as strangely severe and seemingly reckless with its offspring.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀπεσκλήρυνενhardenedV1I IAI3S · σκληρύνω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσκληρύνω + ἀπο: meaning 'hardened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέκναchildrenN2N APN · τέκνονnominal element within the genealogical notice→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτέκνον: meaning 'children'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group.
ὥστεso thatC · ὥστεconnector linking clauses or phrases→ coordinationὥστε: meaning 'so that'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἑαυτῇεαυτουRD DSF · ἑαυτοῦdative complement marking indirect object, reference, location, or means→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'εαυτου'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κενὸνkenosA1 ASM · κενόςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complement within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryκενός: meaning 'kenos'; it serves as accusative nominal element functioning as object or complement within the clause.
ἐκοπίασενgrown wearyVAI AAI3S · κοπιάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeκοπιάω: meaning 'grown weary'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
ἄνευwithoutP · ἄνευpreposition governing the following phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἄνευ: meaning 'without'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
φόβουfearN2 GSM · φόβοςgenitive dependent within the phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as genitive dependent within the phrase.
17
ὅτι κατεσιώπησεν αὐτῇ ὁ θεὸς σοφίαν καὶ οὐκ ἐμέρισεν αὐτῇ ἐν τῇ συνέσει
For God withheld wisdom from it and did not allot to it understanding.
Its folly is explicitly traced to a divine allotment of limited wisdom.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατεσιώπησενwithheld in silenceVAI AAI3S · σιωπάω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσιωπάω + κατα: meaning 'withheld in silence'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςdemonstrative element specifying the noun or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as demonstrative element specifying the noun or phrase.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ wild creatures and limits of masteryθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐμέρισενapportionedVAI AAI3S · μερίζωverbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryμερίζω: meaning 'apportioned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clause.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςdemonstrative element specifying the noun or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as demonstrative element specifying the noun or phrase.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συνέσειin understandingN3I DSF · σύνεσιςdative of respect (specifying the sphere of her goodness)→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσύνεσις: meaning 'in understanding'; it serves as dative of respect (specifying the sphere of her goodness).
18
κατὰ καιρὸν ἐν ὕψει ὑψώσει καταγελάσεται ἵππου καὶ τοῦ ἐπιβάτου αὐτοῦ
Yet at the right time it lifts itself on high and laughs at horse and rider.
In a sudden reversal, the seemingly foolish bird becomes astonishingly swift and uncatchable.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
καιρὸνappointed time / seasonN2 ASM · καιρόςcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryκαιρός: meaning 'appointed time'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὕψειheightN3E DSN · ὕψοςdative element functioning within the phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὕψος: meaning 'height'; it serves as dative element functioning within the phrase.
ὑψώσειwill exaltVF FAI3S · ὑψόωmain verb (climactic; inclusio with v. 1 ὑψώθη)→ predictive future (assured messianic exaltation)ὑψόω: meaning 'will exalt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (climactic; inclusio with v. 1 ὑψώθη).
καταγελάσεταιwill laugh atVF FAI3S · γελάω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγελάω + κατα: meaning 'will laugh at'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἵππουhorseN2 GSM · ἵπποςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἵππος: meaning 'horse'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπιβάτουriderN1M GSM · ἐπιβάτηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἐπιβάτης: meaning 'rider'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
19
ἦ σὺ περιέθηκας ἵππῳ δύναμιν ἐνέδυσας δὲ τραχήλῳ αὐτοῦ φόβον
Was it you who put strength around the horse, and clothed its neck with fear?
The focus turns to the warhorse and the divine origin of its martial power.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἦ: meaning 'surely'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
περιέθηκαςput aroundVAI AAI2S · τίθημι + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτίθημι + περι: meaning 'put around'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἵππῳhorseN2 DSM · ἵπποςDative complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἵππος: meaning 'horse'; it serves as Dative complement.
δύναμινforce / powerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδύναμις: meaning 'force'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἐνέδυσαςclothedVAI AAI2S · δύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδύω + ἐν: meaning 'clothed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τραχήλῳneckN2 DSM · τράχηλοςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτράχηλος: meaning 'neck'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
φόβονfearN2 ASM · φόβοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
20
περιέθηκας δὲ αὐτῷ πανοπλίαν δόξαν δὲ στηθέων αὐτοῦ τόλμῃ
And did you put armor on it, and the glory of its breast with daring?
Its equipment, splendor, and boldness are all described as given, not self-made.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
περιέθηκαςput onVAI AAI2S · τίθημι + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτίθημι + περι: meaning 'put on'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
πανοπλίανfull armorN1A ASF · πανοπλίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπανοπλία: meaning 'full armor'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στηθέωνbreastN3E GPN · στῆθοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryστῆθος: meaning 'breast'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τόλμῃdaringN1S DSF · τόλμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτόλμα: meaning 'daring'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
21
ἀνορύσσων ἐν πεδίῳ γαυριᾷ ἐκπορεύεται δὲ εἰς πεδίον ἐν ἰσχύι
Scraping in the plain, it exults; it goes out into the field in strength.
The horse does not shrink from battle-space but rejoices to enter it.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἀνορύσσωνscrapingV1 · παπνσμ ὀρύσσω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπνσμ ὀρύσσω + ἀνα: meaning 'scraping'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πεδίῳfieldN2N DSN · πεδίονdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπεδίον: meaning 'field'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
γαυριᾷexultsV3 PAI3S · γαυριάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγαυριάω: meaning 'exults'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκπορεύεται+ εκV1 PMI3S · πορεύομαι + ἐκmain verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπορεύομαι + ἐκ: meaning '+ εκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πεδίονplainN2N ASN · πεδίονaccusative (coordinate zone)→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπεδίον: meaning 'plain'; it serves as accusative (coordinate zone).
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
22
συναντῶν βέλει καταγελᾷ καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀποστραφῇ ἀπὸ σιδήρου
Meeting the arrow, it laughs and will certainly not turn back from iron.
The horse’s fearlessness before weapons becomes part of the Lord’s case about granted courage.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
συναντῶνmeetingV9 · παπνσμ εἰμί + συν + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπνσμ εἰμί + συν + ἀντι: meaning 'meeting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βέλειarrowN3E DSN · βέλοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryβέλος: meaning 'arrow'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καταγελᾷlaughs atV3 PAI3S · γελάω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγελάω + κατα: meaning 'laughs at'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀποστραφῇwill be turned awayVD APS3S · στρέφω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryστρέφω + ἀπο: meaning 'will be turned away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σιδήρουironN2 GSM · σίδηροςgenitive dependent→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσίδηρος: meaning 'iron'; it serves as genitive dependent.
23
ἐπ' αὐτῷ γαυριᾷ τόξον καὶ μάχαιρα
Upon it the bow exults, and the sword.
Battle-weapons gather around the horse as the fitting context of its strength.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
γαυριᾷexultsV3 PAI3S · γαυριάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγαυριάω: meaning 'exults'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τόξονbowN2N ASN · τόξονaccusative object or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryτόξον: meaning 'bow'; it serves as accusative object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μάχαιραswordN1A NSF · μάχαιραnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryμάχαιρα: meaning 'sword'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
24
καὶ ὀργῇ ἀφανιεῖ τὴν γῆν καὶ οὐ μὴ πιστεύσῃ ἕως ἂν σημάνῃ σάλπιγξ
And in anger it will consume the earth, and it will certainly not hold back until the trumpet sounds.
The warhorse is portrayed as devouring ground with impatient energy until battle is announced.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀργῇwith angerN1 DSF · ὀργήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὀργή: meaning 'with anger'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
ἀφανιεῖwill consumeVF2 FAI3S · ἵζω + ἀπο + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἵζω + ἀπο + ἀνα: meaning 'will consume'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
πιστεύσῃhold backVF FMI2S · πιστεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπιστεύω: meaning 'hold back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: meaning 'until'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνmodal particle with the subjunctive→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σημάνῃgives signalVA AAS3S · σημαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσημαίνω: meaning 'gives signal'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σάλπιγξtrumpetN3G NSF · σάλπιγξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσάλπιγξ: meaning 'trumpet'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
25
σάλπιγγος δὲ σημαινούσης λέγει εὖγε πόρρωθεν δὲ ὀσφραίνεται πολέμου σὺν ἅλματι καὶ κραυγῇ
And when the trumpet gives the signal, it says, “Good!” and from afar it scents war, with leaping and with shouting.
The horse seems almost to welcome battle, sensing it before the clash fully arrives.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
σάλπιγγοςtrumpetN3G GSF · σάλπιγξgenitive substantive functioning as a dependent or descriptive modifier→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσάλπιγξ: meaning 'trumpet'; it serves as genitive substantive functioning as a dependent or descriptive modifier.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σημαινούσηςgiving signalV1 · παπγσφ σημαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπγσφ σημαίνω: meaning 'giving signal'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
εὖγεgood!I · εὖγεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryεὖγε: meaning 'good!'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πόρρωθενfrom afarD · πόρρωθενadverbial modifier within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπόρρωθεν: meaning 'from afar'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀσφραίνεταιscentsV1 PMI3S · ὀσφραίνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὀσφραίνομαι: meaning 'scents'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πολέμουwarN2 GSM · πόλεμοςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπόλεμος: meaning 'war'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσὺν: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ἅλματιleapingN3M DSN · ἅλμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἅλμα: meaning 'leaping'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κραυγῇwith a cryN1 DSF · κραυγήdative of accompaniment or means→ wild creatures and limits of masteryκραυγή: meaning 'with a cry'; it serves as dative of accompaniment or means.
26
ἐκ δὲ τῆς σῆς ἐπιστήμης ἕστηκεν ἱέραξ ἀναπετάσας τὰς πτέρυγας ἀκίνητος καθορῶν τὰ πρὸς νότον
And is it by your knowledge that the hawk stands, spreading its wings, motionless, watching toward the south?
The speech passes from land animals to the poised intelligence of birds of prey.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σῆςyourA1 GSF · σόςnominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause according to its case-form and local role.
ἐπιστήμηςknowledgeN1 GSF · ἐπιστήμηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἐπιστήμη: meaning 'knowledge'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἕστηκενstandsVXI XAI3S · ἵστημιmain verb asserting continuing validity→ verbal form contributing the clause's action according to its tense-form and moodἵστημι: meaning 'stands'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb asserting continuing validity.
ἱέραξhawkN3K NSM · ἱέραξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἱέραξ: meaning 'hawk'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀναπετάσαςhaving spreadVA · ααπνσμ ἐτάζω + ἀνα + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryααπνσμ ἐτάζω + ἀνα + ἀπο: meaning 'having spread'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτέρυγαςwingsN3G APF · πτέρυξaccusative element functioning as object or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπτέρυξ: meaning 'wings'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement.
ἀκίνητοςmotionlessA1B NSM · ἀκίνητοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἀκίνητος: meaning 'motionless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καθορῶνoraokataV3 · παπνσμ ὁράω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπνσμ ὁράω + κατα: meaning 'oraokata'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
νότονsouthN2 ASM · νότοςcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryνότος: meaning 'south'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
27
ἐπὶ δὲ σῷ προστάγματι ὑψοῦται ἀετός γὺψ δὲ ἐπὶ νοσσιᾶς αὐτοῦ καθεσθεὶς αὐλίζεται
And is it at your command that the eagle rises high, and that the vulture, settled upon its nest, makes its lodging?
The upward motion and nesting of raptors are explicitly placed under divine command, not Job’s.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σῷyourA1 DSN · σόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
προστάγματιordinanceN3M DSN · πρόσταγμαnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπρόσταγμα: meaning 'ordinance'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ὑψοῦταιrises highV4 PMI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὑψόω: meaning 'rises high'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀετόςeagleN2 NSM · ἀετόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἀετός: meaning 'eagle'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γὺψvultureN3P NSM · γύψnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryγύψ: meaning 'vulture'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
νοσσιᾶςnestN1A GSF · νοσσιάgenitive element marking relation, source, description, or possession within the proverb→ wild creatures and limits of masteryνοσσιά: meaning 'nest'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, description, or possession within the proverb.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καθεσθεὶςhaving settledVO · ααπνσμ ἕζομαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryααπνσμ ἕζομαι + κατα: meaning 'having settled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐλίζεταιlodgesV1 PMI3S · αὐλίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryαὐλίζω: meaning 'lodges'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
28
ἐπ' ἐξοχῇ πέτρας καὶ ἀποκρύφῳ
On a rocky height and in a hidden place,
Its inaccessible nesting place reinforces the theme of creaturely life beyond human reach.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐξοχῇheightN1 DSF · ἐξοκήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἐξοκή: meaning 'height'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πέτραςpetrasN1A GSF · πέτραnominal term functioning in a gen relation→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπέτρα: meaning 'petras'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a gen relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποκρύφῳhidden placeA1B DSN · ἀπόκρυφοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἀπόκρυφος: meaning 'hidden place'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
29
ἐκεῖσε ὢν ζητεῖ τὰ σῖτα πόρρωθεν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτοῦ σκοπεύουσιν
there it seeks food, and its eyes watch from afar.
The predator’s far-seeing vision marks another power not assigned by human wisdom.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐκεῖσεthereD · ἐκεῖσεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἐκεῖσε: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὢνπαπνσμ εἰμίV9 · παπνσμ εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαπνσμ εἰμί: meaning 'παπνσμ εἰμί'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ζητεῖseeksV2 PAI3S · ζητέωfinite verb carrying the saying's main assertion→ present verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationζητέω: meaning 'seeks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb carrying the saying's main assertion.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σῖταbreadN2 APN · σῖτοςaccusative nominal element functioning as object or complement→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσῖτος: meaning 'bread'; it serves as accusative nominal element functioning as object or complement.
πόρρωθενfrom afarD · πόρρωθενadverbial modifier within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπόρρωθεν: meaning 'from afar'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμοὶeyeN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ wild creatures and limits of masteryὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
σκοπεύουσινwatchV1 PAI3P · σκοπεύωparticiple modifying the saying→ wild creatures and limits of masteryσκοπεύω: meaning 'watch'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying the saying.
30
νεοσσοὶ δὲ αὐτοῦ φύρονται ἐν αἵματι οὗ δ' ἂν ὦσι τεθνεῶτες παραχρῆμα εὑρίσκονται
And its young are steeped in blood; and wherever there are corpses, there they are immediately found.
The chapter closes with the harsh realism of carrion life, still included within God’s governing world.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
νεοσσοὶyoung onesN2 NPM · νεοσσόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the saying→ wild creatures and limits of masteryνεοσσός: meaning 'young ones'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition within the saying.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
φύρονταιare steepedV1 PMI3P · φύρομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryφύρομαι: meaning 'are steeped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αἵματιbloodN3M DSN · αἷμαdative of cause (the blood being avenged)→ wild creatures and limits of masteryαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as dative of cause (the blood being avenged).
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependence→ wild creatures and limits of masteryοὗ: meaning 'where'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
δ'butX · δέmild adversative marking transition to sanction→ wild creatures and limits of masteryδέ: meaning 'but'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἂνeverX · ἄνmodal particle with the subjunctive→ wild creatures and limits of masteryἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὦσιthere areV9 PAS3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryεἰμί: meaning 'there are'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεθνεῶτεςdeadVX · χαπνπμ θνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryχαπνπμ θνήσκω: meaning 'dead'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
παραχρῆμαimmediatelyD · παραχρῆμαadverbial modifier of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryπαραχρῆμα: meaning 'immediately'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
εὑρίσκονταιare foundV1 PPI3P · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ wild creatures and limits of masteryεὑρίσκω: meaning 'are found'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.