46
μεγαλύνει ἡ ψυχή μου τὸν κύριον
My soul magnifies the Lord,
The chapter begins with Mary's first-person praise. In the Odes setting the line functions as a direct liturgical exordium, beginning not with narrative context but with exaltation of the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
μεγαλύνειmagnifiesV1 PAI3S · μαγαλύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμαγαλύνω: meaning 'magnifies'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
47
καὶ ἠγαλλίασεν τὸ πνεῦμά μου ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ τῷ σωτῆρί μου
and my spirit rejoiced in God my Savior,
Soul and spirit are paired so that praise is intensified by parallel expression. The personal joy is specifically theological: God is confessed as Savior.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠγαλλίασενrejoiced greatlyVAI AAI3S · ἀγαλλιάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἀγαλλιάομαι: meaning 'rejoiced greatly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πνεῦμάspiritN3M NSN · πνεῦμαsubject of ἀνεζωπύρησεν→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as subject of ἀνεζωπύρησεν.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σωτῆρίsaviorN3H DSM · σωτήρdative element marking sphere, reference, means, or location→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσωτήρ: meaning 'savior'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, reference, means, or location.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
48
ὅτι ἐπέβλεψεν ἐπὶ τὴν ταπείνωσιν τῆς δούλης αὐτοῦ ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν μακαριοῦσίν με πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί
because he looked upon the lowliness of his servant. For behold, from now on all generations will call me blessed,
Mary explains the source of her praise in God's regard for lowliness. The line then widens from personal humility to lasting recognition across generations.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπέβλεψενlook uponVAI AAI3S · βλέπω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeβλέπω + ἐπι: meaning 'look upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ταπείνωσινtapeinosinN3I ASF · ταπείνωσιςnominal term functioning in a acc relation→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceταπείνωσις: meaning 'tapeinosin'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a acc relation.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δούληςservantN1 GSF · δούληgenitive of possession→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδούλη: meaning 'servant'; it serves as genitive of possession.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μακαριοῦσίνwill call blessedVF2 FAI3P · μακαρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμακαρίζω: meaning 'will call blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
πᾶσαιallA1S NPF · πᾶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
γενεαίgenerationsN1A NPF · γενεάnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceγενεά: meaning 'generations'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
49
ὅτι ἐποίησέν μοι μεγαλεῖα ὁ δυνατός καὶ ἅγιον τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ
because the Mighty One did great things for me, and holy is his name,
The reason for Mary's blessedness is sharpened: the Mighty One has acted, and his holy name guarantees that the gift is divine rather than self-generated.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησένdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
μεγαλεῖαmighty deedsA1A APN · μεγαλεῖοςaccusative element functioning within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμεγαλεῖος: meaning 'mighty deeds'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνατόςMighty OneA1 NSM · δυνατόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδυνατός: meaning 'Mighty One'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἅγιονholyA1A NSN · ἅγιοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαhead noun in a naming formula→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as head noun in a naming formula.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
50
καὶ τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ εἰς γενεὰν καὶ γενεὰν τοῖς φοβουμένοις αὐτόν
and his mercy is from generation to generation for those who fear him.
What began with Mary now broadens into a principle of divine mercy extending through generations. The Magnificat is turning from individual experience toward covenant-wide significance.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E NSN · ἔλεοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γενεὰνgenerationN1A ASF · γενεάhead noun or nominal element within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceγενεά: meaning 'generation'; it serves as head noun or nominal element within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γενεὰνgenerationN1A ASF · γενεάhead noun or nominal element within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceγενεά: meaning 'generation'; it serves as head noun or nominal element within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φοβουμένοιςfearV2 · πμπδπμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπμπδπμ φοβέω: meaning 'fear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
51
ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν
He did might with his arm; he scattered the proud in the thought of their heart.
The song moves from mercy to mighty action. Divine strength is now directed against the proud, introducing the sequence of reversals that defines the Magnificat's middle movement.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
κράτοςmightN3E ASN · κράτοςaccusative with κατά (idiomatic adverbial: 'mightily')→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκράτος: meaning 'might'; it serves as accusative with κατά (idiomatic adverbial: 'mightily').
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
βραχίονιβραχίωνN3N DSM · βραχίωνDative complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceβραχίων: meaning 'βραχίων'; it serves as Dative complement.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
διεσκόρπισενscatteredVAI AAI3S · σκορπίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσκορπίζω + δια: meaning 'scattered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπερηφάνουςthe proudA1B APM · ὑπερήφανοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὑπερήφανος: meaning 'the proud'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
διανοίᾳmind / understandingN1A DSF · διάνοιαdative term marking reference, means, manner, or location→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδιάνοια: meaning 'mind'; it serves as dative term marking reference, means, manner, or location.
καρδίαςheartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive dependent→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as genitive dependent.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
52
καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων καὶ ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς
He pulled down rulers from thrones and exalted the lowly.
The proud are now specified in social-political terms as rulers on thrones. The lowly are raised in direct contrast, showing the Lord's habit of overturning visible hierarchies.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
καθεῖλενtore downVBI AAI3S · αἱρέω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristαἱρέω + κατα: meaning 'tore down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
δυνάσταςmighty manN1M APM · δυνάστηςaccusative complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδυνάστης: meaning 'mighty man'; it serves as accusative complement.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
θρόνωνthronesN2 GPM · θρόνοςgenitive after ἐπάνωθεν (the other kings' seats)→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceθρόνος: meaning 'thrones'; it serves as genitive after ἐπάνωθεν (the other kings' seats).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕψωσενlifted upVAI AAI3S · ὑψόωmain verb (the act of pardon/exaltation)→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὑψόω: meaning 'lifted up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (the act of pardon/exaltation).
ταπεινούςlowlyA1 APM · ταπεινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceταπεινός: meaning 'lowly'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
53
πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν καὶ πλουτοῦντας ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς
He filled the hungry with good things, and he sent the rich away empty.
The reversal deepens into economic imagery: the hungry are filled while the rich depart empty. Material and spiritual humiliations are both placed under God's reordering mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
πεινῶνταςthe hungryV3 · παπαπμ πεινάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπαπαπμ πεινάω: meaning 'the hungry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνέπλησενfillVAI AAI3S · πίμπλημι + ἐνmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπίμπλημι + ἐν: meaning 'fill'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
ἀγαθῶνgood thingsA1 GPM · ἀγαθόςobject of περὶ→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἀγαθός: meaning 'good things'; it serves as object of περὶ.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλουτοῦνταςthe richV2 · παπαπμ πλουτέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπαπαπμ πλουτέω: meaning 'the rich'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξαπέστειλενsend outVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποmain verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'send out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action.
κενούςemptyA1 APM · κενόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκενός: meaning 'empty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
54
ἀντελάβετο Ισραηλ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ μνησθῆναι ἐλέους
He took hold of Israel his servant, to remember mercy,
After the reversals, the song returns to covenant identity. Israel is named as the servant whom God has taken hold of in remembered mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ἀντελάβετοtook hold ofVBI AMI3S · λαμβάνω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceλαμβάνω + ἀντι: meaning 'took hold of'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
παιδὸςservantN3D GSM · παῖςgenitive term marking relation, source, possession, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as genitive term marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
μνησθῆναιrememberVS APN · μιμνήσκωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal idea→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμιμνήσκω: meaning 'remember'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement completing the governing verbal idea.
ἐλέουςmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause.
55
καθὼς ἐλάλησεν πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν τῷ Αβρααμ καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ ἕως αἰῶνος
just as he spoke to our fathers, to Abraham and to his seed forever.
The Magnificat closes by rooting mercy in the ancestral promise. Mary's praise is thus interpreted as fulfillment of what was spoken to Abraham and his seed.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceκαθώς: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐλάλησενspeakVAI AAI3S · λαλέωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατέραςfathersN3 APM · πατήρaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπατήρ: meaning 'fathers'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑβρααμAbraamN DSM · Ἀβραάμsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΑβρααμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπέρματιseedN3M DSN · σπέρμαnominal term functioning in a dat relation→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσπέρμα: meaning 'seed'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a dat relation.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αἰῶνοςage / foreverN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
68
προσευχὴ Ζαχαριου εὐλογητὸς κύριος ὁ θεὸς τοῦ Ισραηλ ὅτι ἐπεσκέψατο καὶ ἐποίησεν λύτρωσιν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ
Prayer of Zechariah. Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel, because he visited and made redemption for his people,
A new speaker and prayer are explicitly introduced. Zechariah begins with blessing just as Mary did, but the focus is now redemption visited upon Israel in history.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
προσευχὴprayerN1 NSF · προσευχήsubject nominative→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπροσευχή: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as subject nominative.
ΖαχαριουZechariahN1T GSM · Ζαχαριαςgenitive of parentage→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΖαχαριου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive of parentage.
εὐλογητὸςblessedA1 NSM · εὐλογητόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceεὐλογητός: meaning 'blessed'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπεσκέψατοskeptomai + epiVAI AMI3S · σκέπτομαι + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσκέπτομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'skeptomai + epi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
λύτρωσινredemptionN3I ASF · λύτρωσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceλύτρωσις: meaning 'redemption'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςhead noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
69
καὶ ἤγειρεν κέρας σωτηρίας ἡμῖν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ Δαυιδ τοῦ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ
and he raised up a horn of salvation for us in the house of David his servant,
The redemption is specified as a horn of salvation raised in David's house. Covenant kingship and messianic strength now govern the Benedictus.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἤγειρενraised upV1I IAI3S · ἀγείρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἀγείρω: meaning 'raised up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κέραςwingN3T ASN · κέραςaccusative complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκέρας: meaning 'wing'; it serves as accusative complement.
σωτηρίαςsalvationN1A GSF · σωτηρίαgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form functioning as a dative complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form functioning as a dative complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name within the list or clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παιδὸςservantN3D GSM · παῖςgenitive term marking relation, source, possession, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as genitive term marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
70
καθὼς ἐλάλησεν διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων τῶν ἀπ' αἰῶνος προφητῶν αὐτοῦ
just as he spoke through the mouth of his holy prophets from of old,
The Davidic saving act is framed as continuity with the ancient prophetic word. Zechariah interprets the present visitation as long-promised fulfillment.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceκαθώς: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐλάλησενspeakVAI AAI3S · λαλέωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίωνof holy thingsA1A GPM · ἅγιοςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἅγιος: meaning 'of holy things'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αἰῶνοςage / foreverN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
προφητῶνprophetN1M GPM · προφήτηςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπροφήτης: meaning 'prophet'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
71
σωτηρίαν ἐξ ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν καὶ ἐκ χειρὸς πάντων τῶν μισούντων ἡμᾶς
salvation from our enemies and from the hand of all who hate us,
Salvation is described concretely as deliverance from enemies and haters. The line gives political and communal texture to the redemption already announced.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
σωτηρίανsalvationN1A ASF · σωτηρίαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἐχθρῶνenemyN2 GPM · ἐχθρόςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as proper name or indeclinable element within the sequence.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
πάντωνallA3 GPM · πᾶςgen adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as gen adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μισούντωνthose hatingV2 · παπγπμ μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπαπγπμ μισέω: meaning 'those hating'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
72
ποιῆσαι ἔλεος μετὰ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν καὶ μνησθῆναι διαθήκης ἁγίας αὐτοῦ
to perform mercy with our fathers and to remember his holy covenant,
Deliverance is tied to mercy and covenant remembrance. Zechariah reads God's action not merely as rescue but as fidelity to the fathers.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ποιῆσαιmake / doVA AAN · ποιέωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose or complement→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitival verbal form expressing purpose or complement.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατέρωνfathersN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπατήρ: meaning 'fathers'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μνησθῆναιrememberVS APN · μιμνήσκωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal idea→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceμιμνήσκω: meaning 'remember'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement completing the governing verbal idea.
διαθήκηςcovenantN1 GSF · διαθήκηgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδιαθήκη: meaning 'covenant'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἁγίαςholyA1A GSF · ἅγιοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
73
ὅρκον ὃν ὤμοσεν πρὸς Αβρααμ τὸν πατέρα ἡμῶν
the oath that he swore to Abraham our father,
The covenant remembrance is tightened into the specific oath sworn to Abraham. As in the Magnificat, Abraham anchors the interpretation of present salvation.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ὅρκονoathN2 ASM · ὅρκοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὅρκος: meaning 'oath'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
ὤμοσενsworeVAI AAI3S · ὄμνυμιmain verb of oath-taking→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὄμνυμι: meaning 'swore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of oath-taking.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ΑβρααμAbrahamN ASM · Ἀβραάμindeclinable or proper-name element functioning in the clause as written→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΑβρααμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as indeclinable or proper-name element functioning in the clause as written.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατέραfatherN3 ASM · πατήρaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
74
τοῦ δοῦναι ἡμῖν ἀφόβως ἐκ χειρὸς τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν ῥυσθέντας
to grant us, having been delivered from the hand of our enemies, to serve him without fear,
The oath's purpose is stated: a delivered people is granted fearless service. Redemption is ordered toward worship rather than mere survival.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δοῦναιgiveVO AAN · δίδωμιinfinitive complement within the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form functioning as a dative complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form functioning as a dative complement.
ἀφόβωςwithout fearD · ἀφόβωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἀφόβως: meaning 'without fear'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐχθρῶνenemyN2 GPM · ἐχθρόςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as proper name or indeclinable element within the sequence.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ῥυσθένταςhaving been deliveredVC · αππαπμ ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceαππαπμ ῥύομαι: meaning 'having been delivered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
75
λατρεύειν αὐτῷ ἐν ὁσιότητι καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ἡμῶν
in holiness and righteousness before him all our days.
Service is then qualified by holiness and righteousness. Salvation aims at a life lived before God in covenant integrity.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
λατρεύεινto serveV1 PAN · λατρεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceλατρεύω: meaning 'to serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὁσιότητιholinessN3T DSF · ὁσιότηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὁσιότης: meaning 'holiness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαιοσύνῃrighteousnessN1 DSF · δικαιοσύνηdative complement marking reference, sphere, means, or relation→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as dative complement marking reference, sphere, means, or relation.
ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐνώπιον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πάσαςallA1S APF · πᾶςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμέρα: meaning 'days'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
76
καὶ σὺ δέ παιδίον προφήτης ὑψίστου κληθήσῃ προπορεύσῃ γὰρ πρὸ προσώπου κυρίου ἑτοιμάσαι ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ
And you also, child, will be called prophet of the Most High, for you will go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways,
The canticle turns directly to the child. The focus shifts from the Lord's redemptive work to the forerunner who will prepare the Lord's way.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δέbutX · δέconnective conjunction linking the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παιδίονchildN2N NSN · παιδίονnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπαιδίον: meaning 'child'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
προφήτηςprophetN1M NSM · προφήτηςcommon noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπροφήτης: meaning 'prophet'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ὑψίστουMost HighA1 GSM · ὕψιστοςadjectival or substantival modifier functioning as a genitive dependent→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὕψιστος: meaning 'Most High'; it serves as adjectival or substantival modifier functioning as a genitive dependent.
κληθήσῃcallVC FPI2S · καλέωmain verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action→ constative aoristκαλέω: meaning 'call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action.
προπορεύσῃyou will go beforeVA AAS3S · πορεύομαι + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπορεύομαι + προ: meaning 'you will go before'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition taking a complement within the phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπρὸ: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition taking a complement within the phrase.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἑτοιμάσαιetoimazoVA AAN · ἑτοιμάζωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'etoimazo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitival verbal form expressing purpose or complement.
ὁδοὺςwayN2 APF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὁδοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
77
τοῦ δοῦναι γνῶσιν σωτηρίας τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀφέσει ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν
to give knowledge of salvation to his people in the forgiveness of our sins,
The child's prophetic mission is defined as giving knowledge of salvation in forgiveness. The Benedictus now interprets deliverance at its deepest level.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δοῦναιgiveVO AAN · δίδωμιinfinitive complement within the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
γνῶσινknowledge / discernmentN3I ASF · γνῶσιςaccusative object or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceγνῶσις: meaning 'knowledge'; it serves as accusative object or complement.
σωτηρίαςsalvationN1A GSF · σωτηρίαgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςhead noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἀφέσειreleaseN3I DSF · ἄφεσιςdative nominal element marking reference, location, means, or advantage→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἄφεσις: meaning 'release'; it serves as dative nominal element marking reference, location, means, or advantage.
ἁμαρτιῶνsinN1A GPF · ἁμαρτίαcommon noun within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
78
διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἐν οἷς ἐπεσκέψατο ἡμᾶς ἀνατολὴ ἐξ ὕψους
through the tender mercies of our God, by which the dawn from on high visited us,
Forgiveness and salvation arise from God's tender mercies. The dawn from on high turns covenant redemption into a luminous visitation image.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σπλάγχναentrailsN2N APN · σπλάγχνονaccusative element functioning as object or complement→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσπλάγχνον: meaning 'entrails'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement.
ἐλέουςmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or extent within the clause.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
οἷςwho / whichRR DPM · ὅςdat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceοἷς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐπεσκέψατοskeptomai + epiVAI AMI3S · σκέπτομαι + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσκέπτομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'skeptomai + epi'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀνατολὴeast / risingN1 NSF · ἀνατολήnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἀνατολή: meaning 'east'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ὕψουςof honorN3E GSN · ὕψοςgenitive coordinated with παρακλήσεως→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὕψος: meaning 'of honor'; it serves as genitive coordinated with παρακλήσεως.
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ἐπιφᾶναι τοῖς ἐν σκότει καὶ σκιᾷ θανάτου καθημένοις τοῦ κατευθῦναι τοὺς πόδας ἡμῶν εἰς ὁδὸν εἰρήνης ᾠδὴ Ησαιου
to shine upon those sitting in darkness and the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace. Song of Isaiah.
The chapter closes with light shining upon those in darkness and guidance into peace. The appended Isaiah heading then functions as an Odes transition from the Lucan canticles to the next prophetic song.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐπιφᾶναιto shine uponV6 PAN · φημί + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceφημί + ἐπι: meaning 'to shine upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σκότειdarknessN3E DSN · σκότοςdative complement marking indirect object, reference, location, or means→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσκότος: meaning 'darkness'; it serves as dative complement marking indirect object, reference, location, or means.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκιᾷshadowN1A DSF · σκιάdative complement marking reference, sphere, means, or relation→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceσκιά: meaning 'shadow'; it serves as dative complement marking reference, sphere, means, or relation.
θανάτουdeathN2 GSM · θάνατοςgenitive of quality / destiny (with υἱός: 'son of death')→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceθάνατος: meaning 'death'; it serves as genitive of quality / destiny (with υἱός: 'son of death').
καθημένοιςthose sittingV5 · πμπδπμ ἧμαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπμπδπμ ἧμαι + κατα: meaning 'those sitting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατευθῦναιestablish / directVA AAN · εὐθύνω + καταfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceεὐθύνω + κατα: meaning 'establish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόδαςpoysN3D APM · πούςaccusative object / complement within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceπούς: meaning 'poys'; it serves as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὁδὸνwayN2 ASF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceὁδὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἰρήνηςpeaceN1 GSF · εἰρήνηobject of μετ'→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceεἰρήνη: meaning 'peace'; it serves as object of μετ'.
ᾠδὴsongN1 NSF · ᾠδήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΗσαιουΗσαιαςN1T GSM · Ησαιαςnominal element carrying the clause or phrase→ messianic reversal and covenant remembranceΗσαιου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.